Диссертация (1146722), страница 19

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Выберите, какуюфункцию из предложенных он выполняет.By the end of Catherine’s reign, the state was facing various problems. Sothe Russian army was in a sorry state. The bureaucracy was riddled withcorruption. Nothing could be done without paying a bribe.1(dis)agreement2 giving examples3 expressing one’s point of viewRead the following fragment from the text.

Choose from the followingwhat is expressed in it / Прочитайте фрагмент из текста. Выберите, какуюфункцию из предложенных он выполняет.The [Russian] people waited for the enemy [Napoleon’s army] with a certaindetachment; there was no rioting, no excitement, no one was torn to pieces; theycalmly awaited their fate, feeling within themselves the strength that would enablethem to know what to do at the formidable moment (from ‘War and Peace’ by LeoTolstoy).1161relyingonnational 2giving examplesvalues3expressingone’spoint of viewУсловно-речевые упражнения на овладение умением использоватьтактики аргументативной стратегии (тактики информирования, тактикиподтверждения, логического вывода).Read the text and answer the following questions / Прочитайтетекст и ответьте на вопросы.In what way does the author inform the reader about Lomonosov’seducation?Find the proof of Lomonosov’s being a very talented person?What is the role of Lomonosov in Russian history and culture? Expressyour point of view.Lomonosov, 1711-65, who had already been mentioned as a pioneergrammarian, an important literary scholar, and a gifted poet, was also achemist, a physicist, an astronomer, a meteorologist, a geologist, amineralogist, a metallurgist, a specialist in navigation, a geographer, aneconomist, and a historian, as well as a master of various crafts and a tirelessinventor.

Pushkin was known to refer to him, appropriately, as the firstRussian university. In considering the work of Lomonosov, we shouldremember that he lived before the time of extreme scientific specialization,when a single mind still could master many disciplines, and indeed advancethem. Lomonosov represented, in other words, the Russian counterpart of thegreat encyclopedic scholars of the West.

[Nicholas V. Riasanovsky and MarkD. Steinberg: 275].117Read the extract from ‘War and Peace’ by Leo Tolstoy. Find thesentence in which the author expresses the idea of national values. Translate thissentence / Прочитайте отрывок из «Войны и Мир» Л.Н. Толстого. Найдитепредложение, в котором автор выражает идею национальных ценностей.Переведите это предложение.The first to leave were the rich and educated people,who knew quite well that Vienna and Berlin had remainedintact, and that during Napoleon’s occupation the residents ofthose cities had spent the time pleasantly in the company ofcharming Frenchmen, whom the Russians, and especially theladies, had liked so much at the time.They went because, for Russians, there could be noquestion whether it would be good or bad under the Frenchrule in Moscow. To live under the control of the French wouldbe unthinkable; nothing could be worse.Read the extract from ‘War and Peace’ by Leo Tolstoy. Say which ofthese are expressed in the text.

/ Прочитайте отрывок из романа-эпопеи«Война и мир» Л.Н. Толстого. Выберите, какие функции из предложенных онвыражает.1Claiming6expressing national values2Informing7giving examples3giving proofs8expressing (dis)agreement4Confirming9expressing one’s point of view5making deduction10appealing to an authoritative opinion118Bennigsen opened the council with the question: “Are we to abandonRussia's ancient, holy capital without a battle, or are we to defend it?” A prolongedsilence followed.

There was a frown on every face, and only an occasional coughor angry grunt from Kutuzov broke the silence. All eyes were fixed on him.Malasha too gazed at “Granddad”. She was nearer to him than any of the othersand could see how his face puckered: he seemed to be verge of crying. But this didnot last long. “Russia's ancient, holy capital!” he suddenly said, repeatingBennigsen's words in an angry voice and thereby underlining the note of hypocrisyin them. “Allow me to tell you, Your Excellency, that that question has nomeaning for a Russian.” (His heavy body lurched forward) “It is impossible to putsuch a question – it makes no sense.

The question I have asked these gentlemen tocome here and discuss is a military one. The question is this: Russia's protectionlies in her army. Is it better to risk the loss of the army and Moscow by acceptingbattle, or to give up Moscow without a battle? That is the question on which I wantyour opinion” ….Answer the following questions. Support your response using theknowledge from the Russian history / Ответьте на вопросы. Подтвердитесвой ответ фактами из истории, которые вы знаете.- Do you consider it right that M.I. Kutuzov left Moscow withoutfighting in 1812?- What motive did he have?- Did he achieve what he had intended to?Read a fragment from Munich Speech by Vladimir Putin (10/02/2007).Say how the fragment realizes the idea of appealing to an authoritative opinionand giving an example / Прочитайте фрагмент из Мюнхенской речи В.В.119Путина (10.02.2007).

Определите, как в данном фрагменте реализовываетсяапелляция к авторитетному мнению и приведение примера.It is well known that international security comprises much morethan issues relating to military and political stability. It involves thestability of the global economy, overcoming poverty, economicsecurity and developing a dialogue between civilizations.This universal, indivisible character of security is expressed as thebasic principle that “security for one is security for all.” As FranklinD. Roosevelt said during the first few days that the Second WorldWar was breaking out: “When peace has been broken anywhere, thepeace of all countries everywhere is in danger.”These words remain topical today.

Incidentally, the theme of ourconference – global crises, global responsibility – exemplifies this.Formulate the main idea of the text briefly. Inform the partnerabout Y. Gagarin’s traits of character that helped him to be the firstcosmonaut / Кратко изложите основную идею текста. Проинформируйтесобеседника о чертах характера Ю.А. Гагарина, которые позволиливыбрать его для полета в космос.In August 1960, when Gagarin was one of 20 possible candidates, a SovietAir Force doctor evaluated his personality as follows:Modest; embarrassed when his humor gets a little too racy; high degree ofintellectual development evident in Yuri; fantastic memory; distinguishes himselffrom his colleagues by his sharp and far-ranging sense of attention to hissurroundings; a well-developed imagination; quick reactions; persevering, prepareshimself painstakingly for his activities and training exercises, handles celestial120mechanics and mathematical formulae with ease as well as excels in highermathematics; does not feel constrained when he has to defend his point of view ifhe considers himself right; appears that he understands life better than a lot of hisfriends.

Gagarin kept physically fit throughout his life, and was a keen sportsman.Cosmonaut Valery Bykovsky wrote:Service in the Air Force made us strong, both physically and morally. All ofus cosmonauts took up sports and Physical Training seriously when we served inthe Air Force. I know that Yuri Gagarin was fond of ice hockey. He liked to playgoal keeper...

I don’t think I am wrong when I say that sports became a fixture inthe life of the cosmonauts.In addition to being a keen ice hockey player, Gagarin was also a basketballfan, and coached the Saratov Industrial Technical School team, as well as being areferee.Условно-речевые упражнения в блоке Focus on Discourse /Дискурс-ориентированные упражнения с опорой на креолизованныйтекст:Look at the picture. Answer the questions. / Посмотрите накартинку.

Ответьте на вопросы.What events of the Russian history are shown in the picture?What enemies did Russia confront in those times?What can you understand about the Russian national characterfrom this picture?121Read the text and put the pictures in the logical order./Прочитайте текст и расположите изображения в логическом порядке.The symbols of the Russian warrior spirit continuing through the centuriesform a triptych: a sculptural composition of three monuments, “the Home Front tothe War Front” in Magnitogorsk, “The Motherland Calls!” in Volgograd and “TheSoldier-Liberator” in Berlin.Their shared feature is a sword, a symbol of the Russian martial history.

Themonuments were built on a line East to West, symbolizing the transition of theSword from the Ural mountains, where the sword was forged alongside every third122shell and missile and every second tank, to the battle grounds of Stalingrad (nowknown as Volgograd), where the turning point of the Second World War occurred.The monument of the woman, Mother-Motherland, is raising the sword above herhead, calling her sons to fight the enemy.

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