Диссертация (1173467), страница 17

Просмтор этого файла доступен только зарегистрированным пользователям. Но у нас супер быстрая регистрация: достаточно только электронной почты!

Текст из файла (страница 17)

But anexpansion may not be the only answer. I have always been a very pragmatic designer,aiming to get the biggest bang for the buck for my clients. Avoiding the permit processis a huge money saver [The Ecology Global Network, 08.07.2011, Электронныйресурс].Следовательно, синоним saving, который в текстах экологической тематикиактивно употребляется как самостоятельно, так и в виде других лексем, связанныхс ним по своему словообразованию (to save, saving, saver),выражают такоепонимание бережливости как экономия, бережное отношение к окружающейсреде, природным ресурсам, энергии, деньгам, пространству.Обратимся к анализу репрезентации концепта «бережливость» вэкологических текстах посредством семантики лексемы conservation, относящейсяк списку лексем, представляющих центр концепта согласно данным словарей. Втекстахонаотображаетпониманиебережливостикакстимулирование/продвижение охраны окружающей среды, заботы о сохраненииокружающей среды105Environmental Films Can Promote Conservation But Don‟tEnvironmental and wildlife films have the potential to be incredible tools forpromoting conservation.

All too often, however, these films fail to live up to thispotential and instead, pander to the lowest common denominator of viewers. Instead ofseeking to inspire and educate, many films offer nothing but titillation andmisinformation. Nonetheless, environmental films can still be a vital force in advancingconservation if several essential changes occur within the industry.Too much of the environmental filmmaking industry is driven by money,sensationalism, extreme-risk taking, misrepresentation and even the abuse andharassment of animal subjects.

This is not because filmmakers do not care aboutconservation, but rather that they are caught up in the drive to get high ratings andmake money. Whatever ideals the individual filmmakers might have started with,broadcasting is first and foremost about delivering demographically-desirableaudiences to advertisers.

Ratings are paramount [The Ecology Global Network,23.04.2011, Электронный ресурс].Еще одно существительное, которое деривационно связано с conservation,это conservationist. Данное существительное часто встречается в текстахэкологическойтематики,выражаязначение«специалистпоохранеирациональному использованию природных ресурсов».So why haven‟t conservationists discovered this same tool?Of course, there have been some attempts.

One ad for the green mutual fundAltshuler Shaham shows a suave man in alligator-skin shoes entering a hair-removalclinic (to a hip techno beat). As he relaxes on the bed for what he thinks is a routinewaxing, suddenly the music changes to over-the-top psycho music, and a creepylumberjack enters with a tweezers. The screen then displays, “Now imagine how theearth feels… Stop deforestation.” [The Ecology Global Network, 23.04.2014,Электронный ресурс].Both Westerners and conservationists have a long history in Africa, and ruralpeople are well aware of the damage they have done. They have heard stories of106villagers evicted from parks, and they have learned about Western governments andindustries supporting corrupt leaders across Africa. They assume that Westerners havean interest and will benefit from whatever they are doing.

In the case of conservation,they know that this is a career and that conservationists have much to gain from it. Theyhave also seen conservationists and NGOs irresponsibly use money to achieve goals.Westerners often come in with savior mentalities, and the assumption that we deserve tobe trusted causes us to skip steps and not take the proper time to build relationships andwin loyalty [The Ecology Global Network, 06.03.2014, Электронный ресурс].Оно способно отобразить исследуемый концепт в виде нового значения –номинации человека, ответственного за сохранения окружающей среды.Рассмотрение в виде других словообразовательных единиц дает дополнительныйракурсрасширенияэкспликациипонятийногокомпонентаконцепта«бережливость» в текстах экологической тематики.Несмотря на идентичность орфографической формы, существует такжеприлагательное conservation, в большинстве случаев выражающее значение«природоохранный,охранительный,сохранный»,чтовполноймересоответствует словарному значению.Рассмотрим конкретно возможности выражения бережливости в текстахэкологической тематики, представленные этим прилагательным.

К разрядузначенийданногоприлагательноговтекстахможетбытьзначение«природоохранный», по отношению кпосылу, движению,Laughter is the Best…Way to get AttentionAnother way filmmakers can make more gripping programs is by using humor.Making viewers laugh is a powerful way to grab their attention and hold it long enoughto deliver an important conservation message. Mark Levit, a professor of marketing atNew York University, writes that many of the most memorable ad campaigns are funnybecause, “People will pay more attention to a humorous commercial than a factual or107serious one, opening themselves up to be influenced” [The Ecology Global Network,23.04.2014, Электронный ресурс].Community-based reserves became central to the conservation movement inOctober 1982, at the World National Parks Congress in Bali, Indonesia.

Its memberschallenged the “Yellowstone model” that had emerged from the United States. Theysaw it as colonial and suitable only to uninhabited spaces, of which very few remainedon earth. Likewise, in 1990, in his book, Discordant Harmonies: A New Ecology for theTwenty-First Century, Daniel Botkin argued that rather than being separate fromnature, humans were an integral part of it, even in areas that we viewed as pristine orprimeval [The Ecology Global Network, 06.03.2014, Электронный ресурс];образовательным программам по защите окружающей средыThey ran conservation education programs and agricultural projects, employedecoguards and trackers from each of the future reserve‟s villages to protect andhabituate bonobos, and introduced disease resistant cassava since the mosaic virus haddevastated the region‟s crops [The Ecology Global Network, 06.03.2014,Электронный ресурс];техническим приемамThey built a clinic and established a technical college that received nationalaccreditation and trained people in conservation techniques, computer skills, andsustainable agriculture.

The reserve was functional well before it received the Congo‟sofficial protected-area status in 2009 [The Ecology Global Network, 06.03.2014,Электронный ресурс];центрам-учреждениямBut what most impressed me about the reserve was the degree to which it hadinspired neighboring communities to create their own protected areas. Despite theirlimited means, three communities, each of a few thousand people, built their ownconservation centers and began protecting areas of several hundred square miles.People volunteered to track bonobo groups in the rainforests, habituate them to human108presence and guard them against poachers [The Ecology Global Network, 06.03.2014,Электронный ресурс];лагерямInspired by the model of the Kokolopori Bonobo Reserve, communitiesestablished conservation camps with gardens along networks of trails. Gradually, bypublicizing the success of such efforts, BCI procured small grants for them, providingfunding to equip and pay their trackers and camps, and expand their operations [TheEcology Global Network, 06.03.2014, Электронный ресурс];группам людейConservation groups often announce that they have “local” leaders; however, inmany countries, they are confusing local with national.

The Congo has over 250 ethnicgroups, and communities want to be led by their own leaders. .........They will know howto speak to the people in a way that they can hear and how to navigate potentialconflicts. Secondly, conservation has to plan for the decades ahead and for periods thatmay be financially difficult.

During times with little or no funding, outsiders often leave.If the leadership leaves, what happens to the reserve [The Ecology Global Network,06.03.2014, Электронный ресурс];рабочим проектамThe leadership needs to be deeply rooted in that place and have an investment. Iftheir authority and power is tied up in the success of the conservation projects that theyinitiated, they are likely to protect them even through hard times. By undoing that work,they would essentially be undoing their reputation [The Ecology Global Network,06.03.2014, Электронный ресурс];движениюThe Wilderness Foundation issued a statement stating “”87-year-old Dr IanPlayer, passed away peacefully at midday on 30 November 2014 after a short illness.”Player – who is credited with saving the white rhino from extinction in KwaZulu-Natalin the 1950s – suffered a stroke last Thursday. He committed his life to conservationand is known worldwide as the grandfather of South Africa‟s conservation movement109[The Ecology Global Network, 30.11.2014, Электронный ресурс];к менеджерам лабораторийAs climate change accelerates, conservation managers will no longer be able toexclude it from the equation.

For example, the Iberian lynx breeding program involvescarefully managed pairings in captivity to maximize the genetic diversity of new litters,followed by reintroducing the animals to areas within their historical range[The Ecology Global Network, 25.07.2013, Электронный ресурс];Это прилагательное может выступать в составе сложных слов, типа proconservation,отображаяпониманиебережливостикакфильмов,пропагандирующих защиту окружающей среды.

И этим выражается значение«пропагандирующий защиту».BringingConservationtotheSurfaceOne way filmmakers can make their pro-conservation films more engaging is byadding drama. Adding drama to any film is usually a matter of finding good characterswho face interesting challenges. An Animal Planet program called WhaleWars provides one interesting example. Instead of hand-wringing about the plight ofwhales or lecturing about what viewers should do to help protect whales, Animal Planetvice president Jason Carey decided to focus on one controversial whale advocate, PaulWatson [The Ecology Global Network, 23.04.2014, Электронный ресурс];Значение «сохранный» выражается этим прилагательным по отношению ксохранению видов животных.“Someday I, too, will create my own nature reserve.”The Kokolopori Bonobo Reserve is a stunning example of this approach toconservation and was created through a joint effort by the DC- and Kinshasa-basedBonobo Conservation Initiative and Vie Sauvage (literally “Wild Life”), a localnongovernmental organization (NGO) that Albert Lotana Lokasola established.Lokasola, whose family had lived on the land for generations, began working with BCIin 2002.

Характеристики

Список файлов диссертации