01-04-2020-Орловская И.В., Самсонова Л.С. Учебник английского языка для технических университетов и вузов (6-е издание, 2006)(1) (1171846), страница 26
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12. The TV setspeople saw at the New York Fair in 1939 were not available for along time because of World War II. 13. Metals, ceramics, glasses,polymers composite materials consist of have properties differentfrom those of the obtained composite material.Упражнение 2. Прочитайте и переведите тексты, обращая внимание напроработанную грамматику и лексику 4, 5, 6 уроков.The MonitorWe interact with computers by entering instructions and datainto them.
After the information has been processed (обрабаты122вать), we can see the results (i.e. the output) on the visual displayunit (VDU — устройство виртуального отображения) or themonitor. In this interactive process with the computer, the screenplays an important part.The pictures and the characters (символы) we see on thescreen are made up of picture elements which are also called pixels.The total number of pixels the display is divided in (both horizontally and vertically) is known as resolution. When the number ofpixels is very large, we obtain a high resolution display and therefore a sharp image.
If the number of pixels is small, a low resolutionis obtained. Thus, pixel density or resolution affects the quality ofthe image: a larger number of pixels gives a much clearer image.The cathode ray tube of the monitor is very similar to that of aTV set. Inside the tube there is an electron beam which scans thescreen and turns on or off the pixels that make up the image.
Thebeam appears in the top left corner, and scans the screen from leftto right in a continuous sequence, similar to the movement of oureyes when we read, but much faster. This sequence is repeated 50,60 or 75 times per second, depending on the system.In a colour monitor, the screen surface is coated (покрывать)with substances called phosphors. Three different phosphor materials are used — one each for red, green and blue. A beam of electrons causes phosphor materials to give coloured light from whichthe picture is formed.
Colour monitors are capable to display manydifferent colours at the same time.Portable computers use a flat liquid-crystal display (LCD) instead of a picture tube.Super PhonesNot long ago it became known that cell phone manufacturerswere experimenting with several different designs for the handhelddevices that would be linked to the advanced wireless networks ofthe future. If these machines really are to become digital companions, they will have to be versatile, adaptable and fashionable (модный).
Companies such as Nokia, Ericsson and Motorola areworking on the third-generation «super phone» that will look quitedifferent from existing cell phones. In fact, calling them phonesseems absurd (неразумный). They will have built-in colourscreens several inches square for presentation of high resolutiongraphics and video. Some may have a keyboard and a miniaturemouse for data input, but most of them will use touch-sensitive123(сенсорный) screens and styluses (перо, пишущий узел) likethose employed now by the handheld computers.In addition to carrying voice communication, the super phonewill also be able to play music files that are circulating on the Webin the most popular MP3 format (or in whatever format may replace it).Упражнение 3.
Объясните значение следующих словосочетаний.Например: material properties — the properties of a material;colour monitor — a monitor that works in colour;company's database — the database which belongs to the company.1. light beams2. pixel number, pixel density3. eye movements4. director's computer5. printing device6. new generation computer7. pocket-sized computer8. handheld phones9. high resolution display10. high speed electronic circuits11. computer controlled production equipmentУпражнение 4.
Подберите к словам из колонки А их объяснение из колонки В.А1. pixelВа. the maximum number of pixels in the horizontaland vertical directions of the screen2. monitorb. the results produced by a computer3. resolution с the smallest element of a display surface4. character d. read the image as a series of pixels to enter information into the computer's memory5. computer e. the picture tube of the display which is made ofglass and contains a vacuum6. CRTf. a CRT device which displays the computer output7.
imageg. a symbol available on the keyboard8. scanh. the machine that stores and processes data9. outputi. a picture or what is seen on a television or computer screen124Упражнение 5. А. Заполните пропуски словами:pixel certain Web stylus chip perform CPU mouse1. A ... is a tiny piece of silicon containing a set of integratedcircuits. 2. The ... directs and coordinates the operations takingplace within the computer system. 3. The arithmetic logic units ...calculations on the data.
4. The common name for picture elements is .... 5. On colour systems, each pixel is a ... combination ofthe three primary colours: red, green, and blue. 6. ... is a system bywhich one can navigate through the Internet and find news, pictures, virtual museums, electronic magazines — any topic you canimagine. 7. What makes the ... especially useful is that it is a veryquick way to move around on a screen. 8. A ... is a pen-like inputdevice used to write directly on the screen to enter data.B. Speak about:The next generation mobile phones.125LESSON 7ПричастияНезависимый причастный оборотЗначения слова sinceСуффиксы -agCy -ateПрефикс елTextTextTextText7 А.7В.1С.7D.Transport for TomorrowCar of FutureTalking Instrument PanelsTesting TimesПРЕДТЕКСТОВЫЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯУпражнение 1.
Прочитайте, обращая внимание на употребление времен.«Have you seen а copy of Magna Charta: collection of old English Laws?» «I haven't seen all of it. I have seen parts of it manytimes. I saw three or four articles from it yesterday. I read them inthe translated form. Old English is almost as difficult to read as aforeign language». «Where did you see them?» «I saw them at thePublic Library». «I saw you there. Did you see me?» «No, I didn't seeyou.
I didn't see anyone whom I knew except the librarian. I didn'tsee any of my school friends, I mean». «I have seen you at the librarymany times, but you don't see anyone. The teacher says she has seenyou there too, but you see only the books which you are reading».Упражнение 2. Заполните пропуски глаголом to see в соответствующемвремени.I ... а friend in the library yesterday. I ... him there many timesbefore, but he was so busy that I did not speak to him. When Ispoke to him he said that he ... never ... me at the library. He concentrates on his work.
He ... only his book. The teacher ... him126there many times, but he doesn't ... even her. He ... many important facts in books, however, and tells the class about them. He ...and read more important documents than all the rest of our classput together.Упражнение 3. Переведите следующие словосочетания с Participle I иParticiple II:developing industry, developed industry;changing distances, changed distances;a controlling device, a controlled device;an increasing speed, an increased speed;a transmitting signal, a transmitted signal;a reducing noise, a reduced noise;a moving object, a moved object;heating parts, heated parts.Упражнение 4.
Найдите причастия, переведите предложения.A. 1. We need highly developed electronics and new materialsto make supercomputers. 2. New alloys have appeared during thelast decades, among them a magnesium-lithium alloy developed byour scientists. 3. We are carried by aiфlanes, trains and cars withbuilt-in electronic devices.
4. Computer components producedshould be very clean. 5. Many countries have cable TV, a systemusing wires for transmitting TV programs. 6. The fifth-generationcomputers performing 100 billion operations a second will becomeavailable in the near future. 7. A video phone has a device which allows us to see a room and the face of the person speaking. 8. Newtechnologies reduce the number of workers needed.B. 1. Driving a car a man tries to keep steady speed and watchthe car in front of him. 2. Having stated the laws of gravity, Newtonwas able to explain the structure of the Universe.
3. Being more efficient than human beings, computers are used more and more extensively. 4, Having graduated from Cambridge, Newton worked thereas a tutor. 5. Having been published in 1687, Newton's laws of motion are still the basis for research. 6. Being invented the digital technology solved the old problems of noise in signal transmission.7. Having published his book about space exploration in 1895, Tsiolkovsky became known all over the world.
8. Built in the middle ofthe last century, the British Museum is situated in central London.Упражнение 5. Определите, какую функцию выполняет слово с окончанием -ed, и переведите предложения.1. The first television set produced quite a sensation in 1939.The first television set produced in 1939 was a tiny nine-by-twelveinch box. 2. Newton's great work published in 1687 is called127«Principia». Newton published his great work «Principia» in 1687.3.
The Russian Chemical Society organized more than a centuryago is named after Mendeleev. The Russian Chemical Society organized an international conference devoted to the latest achievements in organic chemistry. 4. The energy possessed by the bodydue to its position is called the potential energy. The new materialpossessed good properties. 5. The equipment required to carry outlaboratory experiments was very complex. The equipment required further improvement. 6. The car model developed a speedof 50 miles an hour.
The car model developed by our student designbureau will be shown on TV.Упражнение 6. Переведите выделенные словосочетания.1. When completed in 1897, Jefferson's building was the largestand costliest library in the world. 2. Though being a school teacherof mathematics all his life, Tsiolkovsky concentrated his attentionon man's travel into space. 3.
If compared to today's TV program,the first black-and-white pictures were rather bad. 4. While being ateacher of deaf people Bell became interested in sound and itstransmission. 5. Though discovered, Newton's mistake had no influence on his theory. 6. While worl^ing at a new transmitter fordeaf people Bell invented a telephone. 7.
If heated to 100 °C, waterturns into steam.Упражнение 7. Найдите подлежащее независимого причастного оборота,переведите предложения.A. 1. The room being dark, we couldn't see anything. 2. Thebook being translated into many languages, everybody will be ableto read it. 3. Peter having passed his exams, we decided to have arest in the country. 4. We went for a walk, our dog running in frontof us.
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