01-04-2020-Орловская И.В., Самсонова Л.С. Учебник английского языка для технических университетов и вузов (6-е издание, 2006)(1) (1171846), страница 21
Текст из файла (страница 21)
The Thomas Gefferson Building, which has beenbuilt in Italian Renaissance style, is the oldest of them. It was thelargest and costliest (роскошный) library building in the worldwhen it was completed in 1897. It is decorated with splendid sculpture, murals (фрески) created by 50 American artists. Its MainReading Room is 160 feet high.The Room houses a collection of 45,000 reference books(справочники), a part of the extensive main catalog of more than23 million cards and desks for 212 readers. The Computer CatalogCenter provides public access (доступ) to the Library's automatedcatalog.The simply designed John Adams Building faced with whitemarble (мрамор) was opened in 1939. Sculptures on its largebronze doors represent 12 famous writers.The white marble James Madison Memorial Building opened in1980 more than doubled the Library's available Capitol Hill space.The building which is the official memorial to the Nation's fourthPresident contains the James Madison Memorial Hall, exhibitionareas, eight reading rooms, offices and storage areas for collectionswhich number over 50 million items (предметов).ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ЗАДАНИЯУлражнение 1.
А. Прочитайте следующие словосочетания из текста ЗА ипостарайтесь догадаться о значении выделенных слов в данном контексте.1. the word «electronics» is in general usage2. more perfect electronic circuits973. billions of operations4. what can be regarded as5. the still youthful electronic ageB. Подберите к каждому выделенному в А слову или словосочетанию соответствующее ему по значению.a.
excellent, exact, accurateb. combination of written symbols forming vocabulary of alanguageс considerd. great or long period of time with special characteristicse. one thousand million (GB), 10^ (US)Упражнение 2. Прочитайте текст и найдите эквиваленты следующимсловам и словосочетаниям:1. number2. tiny3. not likely to change4. signal to ring a bell at a fixed (certain) time5. divide into two equal parts6. watch that is used to time sport events, such as a race, to a fraction (smallpart) of a second7. a place between the hand and the arm8.
not fast, slowly9. smth. that helps smb. to remember, not to forget10. start or begin a process11. Hertz (Hz)12. speedDigital WatchIn a digital watch the mechanical parts of the traditional mechanical wristwatch have been replaced by a vibrating quartz crystal to keep time. The vibrating quartz crystal is controlled byminute electronic circuits. One of the advantages of quartz is that itis very stable. The artificial quartz crystals used in digital watchesare designed to vibrate up to 32,768 cycles per second when thecurrent from a battery is passed through them.These vibrations produce electric pulses.
As the pulses travelthrough the electronic circuits of the microchip, their rate is gradually halved. The result is a pulse rate of one per second.Each one-second pulse triggers the microchip to send signals tothe liquid crystal display to advance the numerals by one second.The pulses are also used to control different functions. Such a digital watch can show the day and date; it can have an alarm and a reminder and can act as a stopwatch with an accuracy of 1/100thsecond.98Упражнение 3. Прочитайте следующие определения компьютерных терминов, дайте русские эквиваленты выделенных слов и словосочетаний.
Переведите предложения.1. Hardware means the different types of equipment a computer consists of.2. A computer's hardware comprises a central processing unit(CPU) which is the heart and brain of the computer.3. Input and output devices capable of putting information intoa computer and getting it out of it are types of peripheral equipment. Peripherals are the units connected to the CPU: input devices, output devices and storage devices.4. The simplest and most common type of input device is a keyboard, containing a typewriter keyboard.5. A laser printer is a kind of output device to print information.6. Software means the programs needed to operate computerequipment.7.
These programs are on disks, the hard disks inside the computer, or floppy disks, or on CD-ROMs, that is. Compact DiskRead Only Memory, which you can put on or store a large amountof information. A disk is a storage device made of flat circularplates with magnetizable surfaces. A hard disk is a disk made from asolid magnetic material and used as a storage device.
A floppy disk(also called diskette) is a disk made of flexible plastic material uponwhich data are stored on magnetic tracks. Tracks are areas markedon the surface of a disk. A disk drive is the electronic mechanismthat actually reads what is on a disk. In hard disks, the disk and thedrive are built into a single unit.8. A word processor is a computer used to write documents, letters and reports, or the software that is used for this purpose.9. Databases are programs, which allow you to store, look at orchange a large quantity of information quickly and easily.10. Graphics are pictures and symbols a computer program canproduce.11. An extra copy on a floppy disk is called a back-up copy, acopy of data or software, usually kept in case the original disk isdamaged or destroyed.12.
A bug possible in a computer operation, also a virus is asoftware problem or error in a program. Debugging means correcting program errors or bugs.13. People send e-mail (electronic mail) messages with the helpof the Internet, a system that lets computers connect by telephonelines.14. A laptop is a portable computer weighing about 2—4 kg.9915. With a device called the mouse you can do a number ofthings by clicking on different icons.16.
A mouse is a small input device, on the top of which thereare one or more buttons for communicating with the computer.17. Clicking is a basic mouse action to place a cursor to close awindow, etc.18. An icon is a small picture representing an object, process orfunction.Упражнение 4. Заполните пропуски, образуя общеизвестные компьютерные термины.
Запомните их.1. data ...2. integrated ... or chip3. soft ...4. ... ROM5. hard ...6. floppy ...7. ... disk8. input, output ...9. super ...10. physical ...11. ... network12. mini ...13. ... copy14. fifth ... computer15. ... processor16. e-...17. ... age18. photon ...19. ... writer20. key ...21. laser ...22. mini ...Упражнение 5. Заполните таблицу на словообразование.Verb, NouncreateAdjective...possessive...actcompeteattractcompetitive...comparativeexpensesensemass............Упражнение 6.
Назовите прилагательные с суффиксом -ible/'able, означающие:1) that can be done, can exist, happen;2) that cannot be done, cannot exist, happen;1003)4)5)6)7)8)9)that can be used;that may be obtained, can be used;that may be relied on;that cannot be relied on;which may be questioned;which may not be questioned;absolutely essential.Упражнение 7. Заполните таблицу на словообразование.NounavailabilitycapabilityAdverbAdjective...questionably...—...usablepossiblyreliabilityqualityquantity.........intensivelyindispensability—Упражнение 8.
A. Назовите 15-20 ключевых слов и выражений на тему«Computer».В. Speak about:1. А lot of people are becoming computer literate (have experience of working with computers and know how to use them). Areyou computer literate? Do you find most computers «userfriendly» (easy to use)?2. The Internet and its influence on our daily life.
Can it helppeople from different countries to learn English?101LESSON 6Модальные глаголы и их эквивалентыГлагол to causeСочетания по longer, because of, due to, thanks toСуффиксы -ness; -ance/ence; -ist; -ful; -lessText 6A. Made in SpaceText 6B. Composite CeramicsText 6C. Ancient Steel-Making SecretText 6D. The British MuseumПРЕДТЕКСТОВЫЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯУпражнение 1. Прочитайте диалоги, обращая внимание на употреблениемодальных глаголов.А: You can do without lots of things.B: You can't do without food or water.A: Oh, yes, you can! You can do without food for weeks and without water for days.B: Well, you can't do without air or only for a very short time.A: Can you write without a pen?B: No, of course, I can't.A: I must have a new dictionary.B: Why must you? You don't need a new dictionary.
You've got alot of dictionaries.A:B:102I want to see Mr. Z.I am sorry. I am afraid he may not be in.АВАВА;ВBut perhaps he may be.No, sir. He may not be back for some time.I can wait.He may not be in until twelve.I can wait until he is in.He may be out all day.A: May I go to the cinema?B: No, not today, tomorrow.A: May not I go today? Zed can't come tomorrow.
May I go homewith Zed afterwards?B: Oh, no, you mustn't do that.A: Why, mustn't I?B: Because you mustn't be home late.A: Well, then, may Zed come home with me?B: Yes, he may do that.A: May I have the money, please.B: Oh, very well.Упраяшение 2. Замените модальные глаголы соответствующими эквивалентами.1. Students must take exams in January. 2. She can speak Frenchwell. 3. You may take this book till tomorrow. 4. We must learn newwords every week. 5.1 live not far from my work. I can go by bus or Ican walk.
6. You may come in. 7. We can take this book from the library. 8. She cannot do this work in time. 9. He must go to St. Petersburg for a few days. 10. We can see electrical devices everywhere.Упражнение 3. Поставьте предложения в вопросительной и отрицательной формах.1. We were able to read that article in the library. 2. Some students will be permitted to take exams in December.
3. You have toread this book. 4. We shall be able to skate in winter. 5. My friendis to take part in the conference. 6. The students of our group hadto go to the plant last week. 7. They were allowed to continue theirresearch.Упражнение 4. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на переводмодальных глаголов.1. Everyone should know а foreign language. 2. To makesupercomputers, we need highly developed electronics and newmaterials. 3.
![](https://s.studizba.com/z.php?f=/templates/si/i/noavatar.png&w=100&h=100&t=1"){kind=avatar}
