Диссертация (1168762), страница 14
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L.condiciōn – em ( in latertimes,throughtherunning together ofpalatalized c and t,commonlyspeltconditiōn.a. Obs. F. durabilité, ad.LateL.dūrābilitātem(Palladius)OE.Fetel=OHG.fe˂zced˃˂zced˃il Ger.Fessel)Of uncertain etymologyHealth1.a. Soundness of body; thatcondition in which itsfunction are duly andefficiently discharged.The quality or condition ofbeing hardy.2. Capability of endurance,physical or mentalKelterGood condition, order, stateof health or spiritsHardinessXVIIKilterXVIILustinessXIV2.Vigour,energy, activityLivelinessXIII1.
The quality of beinglively,activity,vigour,animation,vivacity,vividnessMuscularityXVIIRobustnessXVIRuggednessXIXPowerXIVSapXrobustness,OE.háelp=OHG.Heilida, -itha, - idha: WGer. Type hailipa, f.hail-sf. hardy+ nessa. F. hardi, nom.sing.hardiz (11th c.
inHatz.Darm)Etym. obscure. Widelydiffused in Eng. dial.from Northumb. and toCornwall,andoccasional in literature.More frequent in U.S.(in form kilter)f. lusty + nessMHG. Lustic; ON.Losting-rf. lively + nessOE. Lıflic, f. liflife + lic– ly =OHG. lȋblȋch, ON.Lifliger.The quality or state of being f. mod.L. musculār +muscularity.1.The fact of consisting ofmuscles, or of having welldeveloped muscles.2.Muscularstrengthorvigour1.Robust character or quality f. robust + nessadj. L. rõbust –us, f.rõbur - strenght1.a. the state or character of f. as prec.
+ nessbeingrugged;strong, from Old Norse roggroughness, unevenness.1.b. A particular faculty of ME. poër, poeir, pouerbody or mind.The spelling power has2.a. Ability to act or affect been prevailing onesomething strongly; physical from 14th c. Phoneticor mental strength, might, development(po´ɛ:r,energypu´ɛ:r, ´pu:ɛr, ´paʊə(r)1.a. The vital juice or fluid OE. Sæp, genit. sæpeswhich circulates in plants75SinewXVI3. Strength, energy, forceSoundnessXIVThe quality or state of beingsound or free from disease;sound or healthy condition,healthinessStrengthXI1. The quality or condition ofbeing strong.1.a.
Power of action in bodyor limbs; ability to exertmuscular forceSturdinessXIVThe quality or condition of OF. estourdi, estordi,being sturdyesturdi5.Rough vigour of body;solidity of buildStalwartnessXIXStoutnessXIVShapeXIVThe quality or condition of f. stalwart + nessbeing stalwart; robustness, Stalwart – A 16th c. Sc.strengthForm of stalworth a.,brought into English useby Scott.The quality or condition of f. stout + nessbeing stouta.OF estout (NE.dial.6.a.
Strength of body or stout) earlier estolt,limbsestult, brave, fierce,proud4.b. excellence of form; Repr. OE.ᵹesceap neut.,beautycreation, creature, make,13. Condition, state of health, structure,naturalrepair, or fitnesscharacter, form, figure,configuration;pudendum (in this sensealso sceap neut.); alsodecree, destiny; f. Teut76OE. Seon(o)we, sionwe,etc., oblique forms fromthe nom. Sionu, sinu:.The w in stem alsoappears in OHG.Senewa, senuwa,senwe, etc.
and in MDu.Zenewe, zenuwef.sound a.ME. Sund, representingOE ᵹesund. The prefizalso dissapered in someoftheContinentallanguages, as WFris.Soun (sund)OE.Strengðustr.Fem.=OHG. Strengida:Oteut.Type*straŋgipō, f.*straŋgoStaminaXVIIISprynessXVIIIThewXVITrimXVIIroot * scapThe OE word isnormally represented bythe dial.
Form shap; theformshape(withlengthened vowel due tothe influence of SHAPEV.) did not becomecommon till 15 th c.,thoughoccasionalexamples, perh. Due toinflexion, are foundearly in the 13th c.Vigourofbodily a.L. stāminaconstitution;powerofsustainingfatigueorprivation, of recovery fromillness, and of resistance todebilitatinginfluences;staying powera.Active full of health Obscure originand spiritsb.Physical good qualities, OE.
péaw = OS. thaufeatures,orpersonal usage, custom, habit,endowmentsOHG.Thau(dau)3.b. The bodily powers or discipline. Not recordedforced of a man, might, outside Wger. Langs.strength, vigour; in Shakes., Ulterioretymologybodilyproportions, uncertain.lineaments, or parts, asindicating physical strength ;in modern use after Scott,musculardevelopment,associated with sinews, andhence materialized as if=muscles or tendors.2.c.
The condition of beingV. The existing sensesproperly balanced.of the verb begin in the16thc. Before 1550 thewordhadbecomeexceedingly common innearly all its chiefsenses. OE. Had a verbtrymman or trymian: 77trumjan to make firm orstrong,strengthen,confirm.OE. trum adj.firm, strong, sound,stable. So far as as theformisconcered,trymman,trymianwould naturally becometrym. Trim by 1550; thesense make fit, makeready. Prepair mightalso arise out of the OE.ToughnessXIVToneXVIIVerdureХVIVigourXIVThe sense or quality of beingtough4. adj.
Capable of greatphysical endurance; stronglyresisting force, injury fatigue;not easily overcome, tired orimpaired;hardy,stout,sturdy.II. 7. Physiol. The degree offirmness or tension proper tothe organs or tissues of thebody in a strong and healthycondition.This seems to be in part adistinct derivative from Gr.Tóvoç, with reference to thetension of the muscles ornerves. Cf. the PhysiolTonical (1586) and Tonic(1649)f. tough a. + nessOE.
Tóh: - *tanh,OTeut. * taŋχu-z; NFris.toch. tuch.Tonic –ad.Gr. Tovik-óçof or for stretching. F.tóv-oç. Cf. mod. L.tonicus. F. tonique6.II.6 Fresh or flourishing [a. OF. verdure (12th c.;condition.= It., Sp., Pg. verdura),f. verd green + -ure. Cf.verdour1.]1. Activephysical AF.
Vigur, vigour, OF.strength as an attribute or Vigor (vigheur, etc,quality of living things; etc.; later and mod. F.active force or power; vigueur, = Pr., Sp., Pg.activity or energy of body or vigor, IT. Vigore) ad. L.compositionvigōr-, vigor liveliness,activity, force. F. vigēre78to be lively, to thrive,flourish, etc.Ad.L.vīttālitāt-,vītālitās vital force f.vītālis.Vital – a. OF.(alsomod.F.) vital (14th c.; =Sp.
And Pg. , It. Vitale)or ad. L. vītā-lis, vītalife.f. well a. + nessCommon Teutonic: OE.Wel, well = OFris. wel.VitalityXIX3. Active force or power;mental or physical vigour;activity, animation, livelinessWellnessXVIThe state of being well or ingood health.WholenessXIThe quality or condition ofbeing whole1. Soundness, freedom frominjury, unimpaired state,integrityWholesomenXIIIThe quality or condition of f.
As prec. + nessbeing wholesome, in any OE had halwende.senseWell-beingXVIIThe state of being or doingwell in life, happy, healthy,or prosperous condition;moral or physical wellfareWealXVII2. Welfare, well-being,happiness, prosperityWelfareXIVa. The state or condition ofdoing or being well; goodfortune, happiness, or wellbeing(ofaperson,community, thing); thrivingor successful progress in life,prosperity.ess79f. whole a. + nessOE. Hal entire, safe.Sound, healthy. FromPr.Ger.
* haila –undamaged.Cf. F. bienêtre, mod. L.beneesse.Occas.written without thehyphen, as one word ortwo.f. the verbal phrase welfare, the verb beingreplaced by the noun.Cf. ON. Velferð (Sw.välfräd, D. velfærd)welfare, velfor parting,leav-taking.f. the verbal phrase welfare, the verb beingreplaced by the noun.Cf.
ON. Velferð (Sw.välfärd, Da. Velfærd)welfare, velfor parting,leave-taking)Разделим по группам представленные в таблице слова.Слова, у которых практически сохранился объем значения внастоящее время.К лексемам, появившимся в XI веке, относятся durability, strength иwholeness. Сопоставляя дефиниции XI века и настоящего времени, можноотметить сходство в значении strength (OE).
Лексема durability (OF) лишьуказывает на общее значение длительности.Появившееся в XIII веке слово liveliness (OE) использовалось в такомже значении, как и в настоящее время, затем появилось wholesomeness (OE),дефиниция которого ограничена следующим: «the quality or condition of beingwholesome, in any sense».Для лучшего понимания значения можно обратиться к значениюприлагательного wholesome: «sound in physical condition, conductive,favourable to good health».
Это определение четко раскрывает значениесуществительного wholesomeness, кроме того, оно идентично определению,которое используется в настоящее время.В XIV веке зафиксированы следующие единицы: condition (OF),lustiness (OE), power (ME), soundness (MF), sturdiness (OF), stoutness (OF),shape (OE), toughness (OE), vigour (OF), welfare (N). Сопоставив дефиницииэтимологического словаря с определениями в современных словарях,которые мы использовали при описании единиц ЛСП «Fitness», можнозаметить, что дефиниции практически идентичны и полностью отражаютсуть ЛСП.В XV веке зафиксированы две лексемы agility (F). Значение agilityсовпадает с современным значением.В ХVI веке возникает лексема verdure, значение которой в настоящеевремя немного точнее, чем было ранее, но в целом указание на здоровьечеловека сохраняется.80В ХVII веке появилась лексическая единица trim, значение которойсохраняется в словарях.Лексема health (время появления неизвестно) сохранила свое значениев современных словарях.К лексемам, появившимся в XVI веке, относятся robustness (L), sinew(OE), wellness (OE), значение которых полностью совпадает с современнымтолкованием.В XVII веке в словаре зафиксированы следующие единицы: activeness(F), fettle (OE), tone (Gr), well-being (F), weal (N), hardiness (F), kilter (E),muscularity (L), их значения совпадают с современными толкованиями.В XVIII веке зафиксированы лексемы fettle (OE), flush, stamina (L),spryness, две из которых неизвестного происхождения.
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