Диссертация (1146760), страница 39
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Listen to confirm your answers.balanced litter damage releasescomplex improve promote stimulatesSecond, forest fires _______________soil quality. The ______________on the forest floorwould normally decompose very slowly. The fire _______________ the nutrients in the litterright away — creating an increase in the amount of phosphorus and potassium available to theforest plants, which are key elements to __________________ tree growth. This makes the soilrich for further seed growth, too. The heat from a fire _________________ soil microorganisms,which again promote growth. To have a __________________ view of the effects of forest fires,yes, we must also consider the ________________ wildfires have on some plants and animals.The effects of fires on forests are really quite __________________ but that's a matter for another lecture.32) Задание на выстраивание плана текста в логической последовательностиЦелью выполнения задания является развитие умения отделять главную информацию отвторостепенной; развитие навыка распределять внимание, концентрируя его на определенных элементах содержания текста.These 10 key pieces of information from the lecture are listed out of order.
Place each piece ofinformation in the appropriate place in the lecture outline.1. Review of trait theory2. Homework: to read about situational theories of leadership3. Introduction to behavioral theory4. An example of consideration versus initiation behavior5. Research behavioral theory6. Weakness of behavioral theory7. Weakness of trait theory8. Research on the influence of work situations9. Two main orientations of behavioral theory: consideration and behaviors-definitions10. Work situations and their impact on leadership behavior Leadership BehaviorListen to the lecture to check the order of the information.23134) Задание на множественный выбор.Целью выполнения задания является: активизация фоновых знаний; развитие прогностических умений; развитие умения определять факты и детали в соответствии с поставленной задачей.How much do you know about cities around the world?What proportion of the world's population lives in cities?a) Over 80% c)About a thirdb) About two thirds d) About half2 Which is the world's largest capital city? Mexico Citya) Tokyo c) Mexico Cityb) Seoul d) New Delhi3 Which is Europe's noisiest capital?a) Athens c) Romeb) Madrid d) Paris4 Which is the world's oldest capital city?a) Baghdad c) Cairob) Damascus d) Amman5 Which is the world's highest capital city?a) La Paz (Bolivia) c) Quito (Ecuador)b) Lima (Peru) d) Kathmandu (Nepal)6 Which was the first city to reach a population of million?a) Mexico City c) Londonb) Rome d) New YorkListen and check your answers.39) Задание на соотнесение причины и следствия.Целью выполнения задания является развитие навыка концентрировать внимание от начала до конца поступления звукового сообщения; развитие умения определять причинноследственную связь между событиями.Listen to the lecture.
Match the phrases to create complete sentences. Write the correct letter.__ Small wildfires protect forests from a. allow more of the energylarge-scale combined crown, surface, from the sun to reach theand ground fires because these fires forest floor.__ Forest fires reduce tree disease and b. can burn away the smallerpests because these fires shrubs that might compete232with the big trees for resources.__ Forest fires improve soil quality because c. don’t have enough heat to burnthey the big trees.__ Low-temperature forest fires can actually d.
eliminate trees that arestrengthen big trees because these fires weakened by them.__ Forest fires encourage seed growth in e. open up the canopy thatcertain varieties of trees because they normally prevents sunlightfrom entering the forest.__ Forest fires allow more of the energy f. provide heat needed to open upfrom the sun to reach the forest floor pine cones, allowing them tobecause they release their seeds.__ Forest fires encourage smaller plants to g.
release nutrients from thegrow because these fires leaves, twigs, and branches onthe forest floor into the soil.41) Задание на соотнесение утверждения с мнением говорящего. Тема «Народонаселение стран Азии и Востока. Традиции и обычаи».Целью выполнения задания является развитие умения удерживать внимание на содержании звучащего текста, от начала до окончания поступления информации; развитие уменияопределять отношение говорящего к предмету высказывания.You will hear an interview with a member of the Sikh community in Britain, who talks about theidea of arranged marriage. Listen to the part of the interview. Which of these statements represent what the speaker says?a) He and his wife were childhood friends.b) He and his wife were both equally happy to get married.c) Once the parents have chosen a partner, the children usually have to accept it.d) Sometimes it is the children who choose who they would like to marry.e) His wife's mother took the first steps in arranging their marriage.f) He and his wife have similar interests and opinions.g) Their marriage has been a success.h) Money is a very important consideration in choosing a husband.49) Задание на сортировку прослушанной информации и составление списка дискурсных маркеров в соответствии с заданной категорией.233Целью выполнения задания является развитие умения классифицировать содержащуюся втексте информацию; развитие умения распознавать средства логической связи.Speech markersSpeech markersSpeech markersSpeech markersSpeech markersto build coher-to build coher-to build coher-to build coher-to build coher-ence in the lec-ence in the lec-ence in the lec-ence by showingence by signalingtureturetureExamplesa Change inIntroductionBodyConclusionTopic234Приложение 3.
Примеры заданий на аудирование, выполняемыхв электронной лаборатории «My Academic Connections Lab»Listen to the lecture. Then answer the questions based on what is statedor implied by the speakers. You may take notes while you listen. Useyour notes to help you answer the questions.1.Listen again to the first section of the lecture. Then answerquestions 1 and 2.What is the speaker’s primary purpose in the talk?a.to informb.to entertainc.to persuaded.to criticizeGrade:User Responses:1Correct Answer:a.to informa.to informFeedback:2.How do you know the speaker’s primary purpose?a.The speaker uses the word “story.”b.The speaker gives many facts.c.The speaker points out the difference between facts and opinions.d.The speaker discusses medicine.Grade:User Responses:1Correct Answer:b.The speaker gives many facts.Feedback:b.The speaker gives many facts.2353.Listen again to the first sentence of the next section of the lecture.Then answer question 3.Which of the following choices best shows the thought groups andhow the words in the sentence are stressed?a.SMALLpox is ONE of the MOST devastating / diseases KNOWN to humanity, andunfortunately, NO efFECtive treatment for it HAS ever BEEN discovered.b.Smallpox IS one of the most DEVastating diseases known TO huMANity, andunfortunately, / no effective TREATment for IT has EVer been discoveredc.Smallpox is ONE of the MOST devastating diseases KNOWN TO humanity, / andunfortunately, no effective treatment for IT HAS ever BEEN discovered.d.SMALLpox is one of the most DEVastating disEASes known to huMANity, / andunFORtunately, / NO effective TREATment for it has EVer been disCOVered.Grade:User Responses:1d.SMALLpox is one of the most DEVastating disEASes known tohuMANity, / and unFORtunately, / NO effective TREATment for ithas EVer been disCOVered.Correct Answer:d.SMALLpox is one of the most DEVastating disEASes known tohuMANity, / and unFORtunately, / NO effective TREATment for ithas EVer been disCOVered.Feedback:Click on the button to hear “Behavioral Theories of Leadership.” Thenlisten to the passage and choose the correct answers.1.In the last class, the professor discussed some of the problems withresearch in behavioral theories of leadership.a.trueb.falseGrade:User Responses:1Correct Answer:b.falseFeedback:b.false2362.Defining specific traits that leaders have is useful in describingleaders.a.trueb.falseGrade:User Responses:1Correct Answer:a.truea.trueFeedback:3.Defining specific traits that leaders have is useful in explaining whycertain people become leaders.a.trueb.falseGrade:User Responses:1Correct Answer:b.falseb.falseFeedback:4.Research in traits could NOT be used to select leaders based ontheir traits.a.trueb.falseGrade:User Responses:1Correct Answer:a.truea.trueFeedback:5.Behavioral theories of leadership focus on the actions of leaders.a.trueb.falseGrade:User Responses:1Correct Answer:a.trueFeedback:a.true237Приложение 4.
Протоколы текстов к заданиям на аудированиеЗадание на заполнение пропусков (стр. 107), задание 15Is there any place in Africa to rival the mystery and the mystique of Congo?Henry Stanley explored there, Joseph Conrade mapped there and Muhammad Ali fought there.The subtitle of a British journalist Tim Buthcher’s book about this vast country “TheBlood River”1 describes it as “Africa’s broken heart”.
But first I had to find it a long day of flying and waiting combinated with 2 A.M.2 arrival at Rwanda’s Kigali airport where a taxi hadlong fled. Eventually I negotiated a ride to the village motel, where a sign promised, “Our service is the best”. I was assigned to a Burundi room. There was no seat on the toilet and no soapon the basin3. The TV screen remained stubbornly blank.
I shroud and lay down. Three hourslater there was a humming on the door. The driver was back and grinning that it was time forbreakfast. We sat alone in the restaurant area and listened to the sound of slamming doors,crockery and footsteps. All seemed to take an eternity4. Finally, the waiter appeared walkingslowly, setting the table even more slowly. A jug of hot milk5 was the only drink he brought. Iasked if there was any chance for the coffee.
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