01-04-2020-Орловская И.В., Самсонова Л.С. Учебник английского языка для технических университетов и вузов (6-е издание, 2006)(1) (1171846), страница 44
Текст из файла (страница 44)
B.Unfortunately, I cannot agree with your finalstatement.I wish I could agree with you but...We are not yet certain....206ОкончаниеMaking remarksThis is an interesting work but it has a lack...It is surprising...It is unbelievable...I'm not surprised that it is possible...I find it hard to believe...Fd like to make a comment of general nature...r d like to make two more remarks...I have a few points to make...I have just a small point, but it may make thingsmuch clearer a bit.Excuse me, but I'd just like to point out...Making contributionto the discussionI'd like to add in connection with...In addition, I'd like to mention...Let me put some more questions...Exercise 6. Read and smile.A Story Too Terrible To TellThree men came to New York for the first time.
They took aroom in a hotel. In the evening they went sight-seeing and did notcome back till nearly three in the morning. The room they hadtaken was on the 43rd floor. «I am sorry, gentlemen», said the porter, «but the elevator does not work, there is something wrong withit. You will have to walk up to your room». This was too bad, butthe men agreed to tell stories on the way up in order to kill the time.By the time the first one had told his story, they had climbed upto the 11th floor. The next story kept them amused till they hadreached the 31st floor. At last it was time for the third man to tellhis story, but he refused. He said the story he had in mind was tooterrible, he simply couldn't tell it. They continued climbing and allthe time the two asked him to begin. At last they stopped and refused to go on unless he told them his terrible story.
«The story Ihave to tell you is a short one», he said at last, «we have left the keyto our room downstairs with the porter».Text lOBПрочитайте текст и найдите информацию о преимуществах примененияоптических волокон в технике связи; о том, что послужило основой разработки систем оптической связи, а также о практическом применении оптической технологии. Соотнесите отмеченные в тексте факты со следующимидатами: 1960, 1970, 1982 гг. Изложите эту информацию по-английски.Optical TechnologyOne of the most interesting developments in telecommunication is the rapid progress of optical communication where optical207fibers are replacing conventional telephone wires and cables. Justas digital technologies greatly improved the telephone system, optical communication promises a considerable increase in capacity,quality, performance and reliability of the global telecommunication network.
New technologies such as optical fibers will increasethe speed of telecommunication and provide new, specialized ininformation service. Voice, computer data, even video images,will be increasingly integrated into a single digital communicationnetwork capable of processing and transmitting virtually any kindof information.It is a result of combining two technologies: the laser, first demonstrated in 1960, and the fabrication 10 years later of ultra-thinsilicon fibres which can serve as lightwave conductors. With thefurther development of very efficient lasers plus continually improved techniques to produce thin silica fibres of incredible transparency, optical systems can transmit pulses of light as far as 135kilometers without the need for amplification or regeneration.At present high-capacity optical transmission systems are beinginstalled between many major US cities at a rapid rate. The systemmost widely used now operates at 147 megabits (thousand bits) persecond and accommodates 6,000 circuits over a single pair of glassfibres (one for each direction of transmission).
This system willsoon be improved to operate at 1.7 gigabits (thousand million bits)per second and handle 24,000 telephone channels simultaneously.A revolution in information storage is underway with opticaldisk technology.The first digital optical disks were produced in 1982 as compactdisks for music. They were further developed as a storage mediumfor computers. The disks are made of plastics coated with aluminium. The information is recorded by using a powerful laser toimprint bubbles on the surface of the disk. A less powerful laserreads back the pictures, sound or information. An optical disk is almost indestructible and can store about 1000 times more information than a plastic disk of the same size.One CD-ROM disk (650 MB) can replace 300,000 pages of text(about 500 floppies), which represents a lot of savings in databases.The future of optical storage is called DVD (digital versatiledisk).
A DVD-ROM can hold up to 17 GB, about 25 times an ordinary CD-ROM. For this reason, it can store a large amount of multimedia software and complete full-screen Hollywood movies indifferent languages. However, DVD-ROMs are «read-only» devices. To avoid this limitation, companies also produce DVDrewritable drives.208Besides, it is reported that an optical equivalent of a transistorhas been produced and intensive research on optical electroniccomputers is underway at a number of US companies as well as incountries around the world.It is found that optical technology is cost-effective and versatile.
It finds new applications every day — from connecting communication equipment or computers within the same building orroom to long-distance transcontinental, transoceanic and spacecommunications.Text IOCПрочитайте текст и расскажите о практическом применении лазеров.An Encyclopedia on а Tiny CrystalScientists have discovered that a laser beam can be effectivelyused to record alphanumeric data and sound on crystals. Accordingto Russian researchers a method for recording information on crystals by means of a laser has already been developed, but advancedtechnologies are needed to make it commercially applicable.At present researchers are looking for the most suitable chemical compounds to be used as data storages and trying to determineoptimum recording conditions. Theoretically, the entire «GreatSoviet Encyclopedia» can be recorded on a single tiny crystal.As far back as 1845, Michael Faradey discovered that a lightbeam reverses its polarization as it passes through a magnetizedcrystal.
Scientists of our day have used this phenomenon to identifycrystalline materials capable of storing information. Lasers havebeen successfully employed to record information on and read it off.No ideal data storage crystal has yet been found, but it is obvious now that the future of computer engineering lies in lasers andoptoelectronics.Text lODПрочитайте текст и найдите примеры все возрастающей тенденции к болеетесному международному сотрудничеству. Почему такое сотрудничество необходимо? Назовите страны-участницы такого сотрудничества. Запомните произношение названий стран.Science and International CooperationOne of the most striking features of modern science is the increasing tendency towards closer cooperation between scientistsand scientific organizations (institutions) all over the world.
In209fact, it is becoming more and more evident that many of the problems that affect the world today cannot be solved without joiningscientific efforts and material resources on a world-wide scale. Theexploration of space, world finance, global environment protectionproblems and the development of new sources of power are the examples of areas of scientific research which are so costly and complicated that it is difficult for a single country to solve themefficiently and in a short period of time.
The renewal of international scientific cooperation was demonstrated in the sharing ofdata which were obtained by Russian, Japanese and Europeanspace probes in 1986 on Halley's comet.Many countries were successfully cooperating on a programmecalled Intercosmos in launching a large number of vertical geophysical rockets and satellites. Space exploration programmes werebeing conducted between Russia and Austria, India, France, Sweden and other countries. Joint manned flights by Russian and foreign cosmonauts included citizens from numerous countries. Manyinternational crews have worked on orbit and carried out a lot ofscientific experiments.Russian and the U.S.
engineers are now working side by side onthe International Space Station, the largest peacetime engineeringproject in history.Launched from opposite sides of the world, the first International Space Station components Zarya and Unity have begun anew era of exploration as 16 nations joined their scientific andtechnological resources in the first truly international space program to improve life on Earth.
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