01-04-2020-Орловская И.В., Самсонова Л.С. Учебник английского языка для технических университетов и вузов (6-е издание, 2006)(1) (1171846), страница 37
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If their dreams had been realized aifd such a craft hadbeen constructed, mankind would have known ajbout the secrets ofOcean much earlier. However, already during tjhe Swiss NationalFair in 1964 a submersible vehicle took thousands of people deepinto Lake Geneva.,Not long ago, the crafts that penetrated the' ocean depths werealmost as primitive as the marine life they watched around them.However, non-military deep sea ships, so-cklled submersibles,were progressing rapidly.
Russian, French, Japanese and Americanscientists are developing crafts that can submerge deeper, stay longer and find out more than earlier apparatuses.Soon, one of the most advanced crafts, a one passenger submerging ship, will be tested. It may be able to take explorers andtechnicians deeper than ever before (up to 3,300 feet) and performdifficult underwater tasks with extreme precision.This new submersible is essentially a spherical transparent plastichull^ mounted on a metal platform. It looks like an underwater helicopter and can manoeuvre itself in its water environment with someof the versatility^ of a helicopter due to the use of a cycloid rotor^instead of conventional marine-propeller screws'^.
It is expectedthat this apparatus will move around the ocean like a sports car.However, the breakthrough^ that will make this particular craftquite different from other manned submersibles is a mechanicalhand called the sensory manipulator system^. Miniature videocameras on the «wrist» of the manipulator provide it with visionand microphones enable the submersible to «hear». This manipulator system is designed to lift up to 120 pounds and will also be ableto perform such accurate scientific work as collecting samples ofocean-floor minerals and marine life.
When demonstrated, it liftedcrystal glasses, drew pictures and wrote with a pen.Some scientists are trying to develop the world's deepestmanned submersible. When completed, it will be capable of submerging to the depths of 21,000 feet. Its crew will be in a pressure-resistant titanium-alloy cabin. This craft will be driven by abattery-operated electric motor and will work for up to nine hours.It will record images with colour television and stereo cameras andwill collect samples by manipulating two robotic arms.If such crafts are constructed on a large scale, we shall be ablenot only to spend our holidays enjoying the underwater life, butalso grow and cultivate sea plants, fish and pearls. It will be possibleprovided scientists, designers and politicians from all over theworld join their efforts and solve the most important problems inthis field.176Notes to the Text1. transparent plastic hull — прозрачный пластмассовыйкорпус2.
versatility — свобода передвижения3. cycloid rotor — несущий винт циклоидного типа4. marine-propeller screw — судовой гребной винт5. breakthrough — радикальное решение6. sensory manipulator system — сенсорная система манипулятораУПРАЖНЕНИЯУпражнение 9. Просмотрите текст 9А и ответьте на вопросы.1. What is the text about? 2. What is a submersible? 3.
Who wasthe first to think of a submersible vehicle? 4.What writer wroteabout a submersible? 5. What special systems will be used on a newsubmersible? 6. What are the characteristics of the manipulatorsystem? 7. What kind of submersible is being designed at present?8. What do you think of the future of such vehicles? 9. What is thename of the famous French scientist, an explorer of the ocean?10.
Have you seen his film? Have you read his books?Упражнение 10. Укажите, какие утверждения соответствуют содержаниютекста 9А. Исправьте неправильные.1. We know very little about the ocean yet. 2. The dream of exploring the underwater life is very old. 3. It was Jules Verne whowas the first to write about a submersible vehicle. 4. Only Japanesescientists are developing deep water submersible crafts.
5. A newsubmersible craft looks and moves like an underwater helicopter.6. A new submersible is provided with a manipulator that is designed to lift 120 tons. 7. When demonstrated, it lifted crystal glassand drew pictures. 8. When completed, the world's deepestmanned submersible will be capable of submerging to the depth of21,000 feet. 9. This craft will be driven by a battery-operated electric motor.Упражнение 11. Найдите в тексте 9А условные придаточные предложения; сделайте, где возможно, их бессоюзными.Упражнение 12.
Найдите условные придаточные предложения, выражающие нереальные действия. Переведите.1. If а scientific research is closely linked with practice, the results are always good. 2. If you looked at the equipment of 1946,177you would notice the difference with that available at present. 3. Ifthere is a pressure change in the tires, a transmitter signals to adjustthe pressure. 4. If we were to make a journey in a plane to the neareststar, we should have to travel for several thousand centuries. 5.
Weretraffic controlled by computers, cars could travel with safety andspeed. 6. Had submersibles been developed since the time of Alexander the Great, mankind would have used natural resources fromthe ocean floor and cultivated plants and fish there. 7. Had all submersibles had autonomous principle of operation, they would havebecome much more useful.
8. If fire-arms had not been invented,the secret of Damascus steel would not have been lost. 9. If wecould make a non-stop flight around the sun in an а1ф1апе at aspeed about 300 km per hour, it would require 565 days to encircleit at the equator. 10. If the satellite speed is less than necessary, itwill go down from the orbit and enter the atmosphere.Упражнение 13. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на различные значения слов provide, if (whether).1.
Specialists reported that a miniature video camera providedthe latest submersible with vision. 2. The speed of a satellite wouldbe less provided it moved at a greater distance from the Earth.3. Drivers don't know yet whether radars will be mounted on thenext car models. 4. If the weather is too bad for flying, passengerairplanes don't leave aiфorts. 5. It was very important to find out ifelectricity could be used for long distance communication. 6. During the entire flight, the pilot is provided with all the necessary information about weather conditions.
7. Modern submersibles canremain at the depth of 20,000 feet for eight hours or, if needed, aslong as two or three days. 8. A new system for motor cars can beprovided with infrared sensors that can detect a human figure atnight. 9. If underwater tourism continued to develop at the presentrate, the number of passengers could grow up to millions in only afew years.Упражнение 14. Переведите предложения с союзом unless и запомнитеособенности его перевода.1. Isaac Newton stated that a body would continue moving unless some force was applied to stop it.
2. Space flights would be impossible unless special materials for space vehicles were produced.3. We should have no radio, telephone, television or computers unless there were electricity. 4. The earth temperature would increaseindefinitely unless heat were radiated. 5. Unless the temperaturerises, the speed of the molecules will not increase. 6. It would have178been impossible to send satellites into orbit unless Newton's laws ofmotion had been studied. 7.
With heat generated by friction of theair on aircraft surface, the temperature inside the cabin would increase to almost 1,000 °C unless it were cooled by mechanicalmeans.УПРАЖНЕНИЯ ДЛЯ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЫУпражнение 15. Образуйте от следующих слов:а) глаголыusage, subdivision, indication, complication, difference, large,systematisation, appearance, changeable, measurable;б) существительныеnoiseless, powerful, deep, dangerous, perform, realise, lighten.Упражнение 16. Образуйте производные от следующих слов:manipulate, compress, move.Упражнение 17. Найдите русскому слову соответствующее английское.исследовать — exploration, explorer, to explore;точно — exactness, exactly, exact, exaction;погруженный — submergence, submerge, submerged, submersion;направлять — navigate, navigable, navigation;стойкий — resistance, to resist, resistant, resistor;ширина — wide, width, widely, widen.Упражнение 18.
Найдите:а) синонимыto finish, to submerge, to work, craft, to build, to descend, vehicle, to operate, rapid, fast, to construct, to complete;б) антонимыto lift, difficult, to complete, after, to descend, before, easy, tostart.Упражнение 19. Определите, какой частью речи являются выделенныеслова; переведите предложения.1. In а new apparatus rotors mounted on the fuselage providelift acting as wings when the craft is moving at high velocity.
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