Диссертация (1146789), страница 39
Текст из файла (страница 39)
The crew circulates high density mud into the hole _______________.a) to kill the wellb) to lubricate the bitc) to remove cuttings6. The drilling crew keeps adding lengths of drill pipe as the hole gets ______.a) smaller in diameterb) horizontalc) deeper7. The rotary table is capable of creating a strong ___________ force.a) centrifugalb) rotatingc) gravityIII Выберите компонент оборудования, который не входит вописываемую систему:1.
The hoisting system of a drilling rig consists ofa) the mast or derrickd) blowout preventerb) traveling blocke) the drilling linec) crown blockf) the drawworks2. a) The kelly b) the drill string c) the drilling hook d) the drill collarsare collectively called the drill stem.3. The rotating system of a drilling rig comprisesa) the driller‘s consoleb) a powerful enginestring222c)thedrill4.
The circulating system of a drilling rig includesa) drilling mudf) mud pumpsb) mud househ) mud pitsc) large tanksi) reserve pitd) mixing devicej) elevatore) pipingk) shale shaker5. The pressure control system of a drilling rig containsa) electronic equipment b) blowout preventerc)highdensitydrilling mudd) kill linee) choke linef) swivelIV Соотнесите начало (1-7) и конец (a - g) предложения:1. Casing is large diameter steel pipea) is a powerful machine called a rotarytable.2.
The traveling block runs up and down b) preventing it from caving in.3. The main part of the rotating systemc) in the centre of the derrick or mast.4. Wall cake stabilizes the holed) according to the hardness of theformation to be drilled.5. The purpose of using drill collarse) the outside of the drill string and theinside of the hole.6. The driller chooses the bitf) which is run into the hole andcemented in place.7. The annulus is the space betweeng) is to put extra weight on the bit.Ключ к терминологическому тесту по разделу «DRILLING»I:1+II :1–aIII:1–dIV:1–f2-3-2–c2–c2–c4+3–b3–a3–a5+4–b6+5–a4–j4–b2237–6–c7–b5–f5–g6–d7–eб) Терминологическая контрольная работа по теме“Geological Conditions of Petroleum Accumulation”1.
Give definitions of the following terms:a/ porosityb/ permeable rock2. Name:a/ reservoir propertiesb/ the unit of permeabilityc/ main elements of the hoisting systemd) main elements of the circulating system3. Answer the following questions:a/ What are the main stages of formation of petroleum accumulation?b/ What are the functions of power supply system?4. Give English equivalents of the following terms:a/ кернk/ плотностьb/ обломки породl/ содержание твердой фазыc/ каротаж скважиныm/ притокd/ мощность (пласта)n/ переменный токe/ буровой шламo/ техническое заданиеf/ пластовое давлениеp/ буровая установкаg/ разрезq/ забойh/ объемная модель участка земнойr/ разветвленная скважинакорыs/ нагрузка на долотоi/ ловушкаt/ УБТj/ углеводороды2245. Match the synonyms (1-11) of the following English terms (a-f).Mind that some terms may have more than one synonym:a/ bedrock1.
floormanb/ seismic survey2. holec/ subsurface3. screwd/ rotary helper4. roughnecke/ well5. seismicsf/ make up6. subsoil7. bottom8. shooting9. underground10. make a connection11. floor225в) Контрольная работа по чтениюHISTORY OF OIL1. There was time when people didn‘t make much use of oil. They usednatural energy in other forms: burnt wood for heating and cooking, used windto power the sails of their boats, and exploited animals in agricultural work,transport and building. They even hunted whales to have lamp oil. It wasmostly coal that fueled the Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th century.2. Though petroleum has been known since ancient times too.
Some places inthe world were famous for eternal flames coming to the surface fromunderground. It was burning petroleum. In some places oil seeped up fromcracks in the ground, floated on streams. People found these seepages andcollected oil. Later they learnt to dig wells to extract oil from underground.
Asfor the word ―petroleum‖, it is of Greek origin and means ―rock oil‖. It wascalled ―burning water‖ in Japan and ―the blood of the earth‖ in ancientRussia.3. Oil had many applications then. It was used for lighting, for medical,military and construction purposes and even religious ceremonies.
Tar orbitumen, for example, was used as cementing and waterproofing material. Inthe construction of the walls and towers and the famous Hanging Gardens ofBabylon more than 4000 years ago, in the construction of the Great Wall ofChina and the ancient dams on the Euphrates River. According to the Bible,Noah waterproofed his ark with tar to escape from the Great Flood. But oilseeps were not everywhere and oil was available only to rich people at thattime.4.
The stage for the Age of Oil was set by a combination of important events.In 1846 kerosene and a bit later in 1853 the kerosene lamp were inventedmaking coal and petroleum practical raw materials for lighting fuel. But onlywith the development ofdrilling technologies commercial production of oilbecame possible. The rise in importance of oil wasalso due to the invention of the internal combustionengine.
These two great advancements of the 19thcentury – drilling techniques for deep oil andgasoline engine - marked a start of the PetroleumAge.http://www.commondreams.org/view/2010/06/27-2226EXERCISES1. Read quickly through the text. Think of subtitles to its paragraphs:1. ……….2.
……….3. ……….4. ………..2. Read the text more thoroughly. Decide if the following statements aretrue (+) or false (-) according to the text:1. There was time when people killed whales to have lamp oil .2. Oil was an important energy source for industry in the 18th- 19th century.3. Eternal flames in some parts of the world was burning coal.4.
In ancient times people collected oil from underground seepages.5. Thousands of years ago oil was used in construction as cementing material.6. The word ‗petroleum‘ came from China.7. Kerosene became the first transport fuel.8. Gasoline was invented in 1846.3. Guess the Russian equivalents of the following words and wordcombinations:1. the Hanging Gardens of Babylon2. the Great Wall of China3.
the ancient dams on the Euphrates River4. the Bible5. Noah‘s ark6. the Great Flood7. the Industrial Revolution4. Match the English word combinations and their Russian equivalents:1. natural energy2. eternal flames3. waterproofing material4. oil seepages5. raw materials6. lighting fuel7.
drilling technologies8. commercial production of oila/ промышленная добыча нефтиb/ вечные огниc/ просачивание нефти на поверхностьd/ топливо для освещенияe/ сырьеf/ буровые технологииg/ гидроизоляционный материалh/ природная энергия2275. Fill in the gaps with the words in the box using information from thetext:rich woodinvention―burning water‖ wellstarwindagriculturalundergroundGreek1. There was time when people burnt ___________ for heating and cooking.2.
In ancient times ________ powered the sails of the boats.3. In the past man exploited animals in __________ work.4. Eternal flames came to the surface from __________.5. The word ―petroleum‖ is of ___________origin.6. Early in the history people learnt to dig ________ to extract oil.7. Oil was called ___________ in Japan.8.
Noah waterproofed his ark with _________to escape from the Great Flood.9. Oil was available only to _______people at that time.10. Drilling techniques for deep oil and __________ of gasoline enginemarked a start of the Petroleum Age.6. Make a short summary of the history of oil in your own words.228Приложение 6 – Материалы для проведения диагностического контроляна констатирующем этапе экспериментаа) Текст для чтения без словаряLeonardo da Vinci Facts1. Some say Leonardo da Vinci was the most talented person to have lived, withknowledge and curiosity in a wide range of fields. Leonardo da Vinci was born onApril 15, 1452 and died on May 2, 1519.
He was Italian. Different to a typicalsurname you might think of today, "da Vinci" simply means "of Vinci", the Tuscantown where he was born. He lived during the Renaissance, a cultural movementthat led to important developments in areas such as art and science.2. Leonardo d Vinci is perhaps best known as a painter, with his legendary worksincluding the Mona Lisa, the Vitruvian Man and the Last Supper, among others.Leonardo da Vinci wasn't just an incredible artist, he was an inventor, scientist,mathematician, engineer, writer, musician and much more.
His conceptualdrawings included plans for musical instruments, war machines, calculators, boatsand other ideas. Many of these plans were limited by the level of technology at thetime.3. Flight was of particular interest to da Vinci. He studied the flight of birds andcreated plans for flying machines that resemble hang gliders and helicopters. Manyof Leonardo da Vinci‘s machines have since been built and tested, to varyinglevels of success.4. He became an expert in the anatomy of the human body, studying it in detail andcreating hundreds of drawings to help explain his thoughts.
The Vitruvian Man is adrawing by Leonardo da Vinci that describes the relationship between humanproportions and geometry.5. The Mona Lisa is perhaps the most well known painting in the world. It is ahalf-length portrait of a woman who, along with the composition, background andother details, has been the subject of much speculation and discussion. It isbelieved that Leonardo da Vinci began painting the Mona Lisa around 1503. It hasbeen on permanent display at the Louvre Museum in Paris for over 200 years.6.
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