first insights into business ocr (835550), страница 27
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o r ... shows one of two possible options.You can buy either direct from the producer or from theshop./э//ае//л/either (+ noun) or (+ noun)When we use either ... or as the subject of the clause,/е//a:/we use a singular verb./ don't mind which one you buy, either cotton o r silk ishi/i://о/America, seven, creditorcat, backingrun, moneyhalf, marketany, sellquick, profitsee, decreaseboss, jobforty, exportearly thirdgood, shouldtrue, uniquebeer, yeartourist, securehair, shareplane, operatejoin, employfinance, whygo, overchargeout, townIt costs S200 - two hundred dollars.2002 (two thousand and two) - the year o f the euro./ d://з://и//u://ю//иэ//еэ//ei// di//ai//эо//аи/We use cardinals to express:CONSONANTSDecimals/р//Ь//f//v/Л//d//0//5//tj/ЛЬ//s//z//J/fine.U nit 11 W ritin g , page 128© NUMERALSCardinalsWe usually use cardinal numbers to talk aboutmoney and years.We say each number individually after the point.75.72 - Seventy-five p o in t seven two.When a zero occurs before the point, we say noughte.g.
0.5 - nought p o in t five.PercentagesWe use cardinals to express percentages. Percentagescan include decimals.0.5% - Nought p o in t five percent.OrdinalsWe use ordinal numbers:1 to talk about dates -III/к/The meeting is on 1.7. (the firs t o f July)Ig l/т /In /Ig l2 to rank items This country ranks second in the worldcompetitiveness scoreboard./h//1/3 to express fractions -Ir la fifth , ^6 a sixth, h 8 an eighth, h 10 a tenth/w/BUT we say:1)1160160shop, productbox, jobfive, enoughvideo, invoicetime, debtdrop, readthing, ethicalthen, thecharge, questionjob, strategysoft, assetrise, businessshares, ambitiontelevision, pleasurecar, blackgoods, bagmargin, demandname, turnoverlong, operatinghard, wholive, loyalrecruit, pricework, awardyellow, useVerb ListIrregular verbsWe can n o t form th e past sim ple tense of irre g u la r verbs by adding -ed.Verbs w hich have the sam e past sim ple an d past participle are in b old.INFINITIVEarisebebeatbecomebeginbendblowbreakbringbuildbuycancatchchoosecomecostcutdealdodrawdrinkdriveeatfallfeelfightfindflygetgivegrowhavehearhitholdhurtkeepknowlayleadlearnleavelosePAST SIMPLEarosewas/werebeatbecamebeganbentblewbrokebroughtbuiltboughtcould/was ablecaughtchosecamecostcutdealtdiddrewdrankdroveatefellfeltfoughtfoundflewgotgavegrewhadheardhitheldhurtkeptknewlaidledlearntleftlostPAST PARTICIPLEarisenbeenbeatenbecomebegunbentblownbrokenbroughtbuiltboughtbeen ablecaughtchosencomecostcutdealtdonedrawndrunkdriveneatenfallenfeltfoughtfoundflowngotgivengrownhadheardhitheldhurtkeptknownlaidledlearntleftlostINFINITIVEmakemeanmeetpayputreadringriserunsayseesellsendshakeshineshootshowshrinkshutsingsitsleepsmellspeakspellspendspreadstandstealstickstrikeswimtaketeachteartellthinkthrowupsetwakewearwinwritePAST SIMPLEmademeantmetpaidputreadrangroseransaidsawsoldsentshookshoneshotshowedshrankshutsangsatsleptsmeltspokespeltspentspreadstoodstolestuckstruckswamtooktaughttoretoldthoughtthrewupsetwokeworewonwrotePAST PARTICIPLEmademeantmetpaidputreadrungrisenrunsaidseensoldsentshakenshoneshotshownshrunkshutsungsatsleptsmeltspokenspeltspentspreadstoodstolenstuckstruckswumtakentaughttorntoldthoughtthrownupsetwokenwornwonwrittenLook at th e follow ing verbs: fo rg e t, fo rg iv e , u n d e r s ta n d , w it h d r a w .They follow th e same p attern as th e verbs g e t, g iv e , s t a n d an d d r a w .161161Word Listachievement (n) p.82advertisement (n) p.70advertising (n) p.79advice (n) p.58annual report (n) p.108asset (n) p.82asset management (n) p.53availability of labour (n) p.94availability of raw materials (n) p.94award (v,n) p.75courteous (adj) p .10credit card (n) p.124creditor (n) p.124cultural differences (n) p.24cultures (n) p.24curriculum vitae (n) (CV) p.140customer care (n) p.4customer helpline (n) p .11customer loyalty (n) p.4customer profile (n) p.70customers (n) p.4cuts (n) p.94global market (n) p.132goals (n) p.36goods (n) p.4gross profit (n) p.108guarantee (n) p .11ВDHbacking (n) p.74balance sheet (n) p.108bar (n) p.61bar code (n) p.60benefits (n) p.70borrow (v) p.108bottle (n) p.61box (n) p.61brand (n) p.50business environment (n) p.94business trip (n) p.24buying (n) p.14dealership (n) p.40debt (n) p.124debtors (n) p.124decrease (n,v) p.103delaying tactics (n) p.124department (n) p.16department store (n) p.57develop (v) p.75disposable (adj) p.50dividend (n) p.108door-to-door sales (n) p.57down-market (adj) p .21drop (n,v) p.109hard sell (n) p.38helpful (adj) p .10higher productivity (n) p.82holding company (n) p.14household name (n) p.50hypermarket (n) p.57Accar manufacture (n) p.14cash and carry (n) p.57cash-flow (n) p .122chain store (n) p.57charge interest (v) p.123check-out counter (n) p.60code of practice (n) p.4collaborative (adj) p.89colleagues (n) p.24communication skills (n) p.18company (n) p.14company history (n) p.46compete (v) p.132competing (adj) p.50competition (n) p.132competitors (n) p.74conference (n) p.26confrontational (adj) p.89consumer (n) p.56consumer durables (n) p.79control (v) p.89cooperative (adj) p .10corporate responsibility (n) p .120EE-commerce (n) p.57economic recession (n) p.94enter new markets (v) p.132environment (n) p .120equal opportunities (n) p .120established (v) p.46ethical consumers (n) p .120ethical policy (n) p .120events (n) p.46exchange rate (n) p .112experience (n) p.46exploit workers (v) p.129export (n,v) p.103first world (n) p .120foreign business trip (n) p.24founder (n) p.46friendly (adj) p .10cIidea (n) p.75import (n,v) p.103increase (v,n) p.41information technology (n) p.14innovation (n) p.75insurance (n) p.53interest rate (n) p .1the Internet (n) p.56invent (v) p.75investment (n) p.108invoice (n) p.124itinerary (n) p.24Jjet lag (n) p.28job satisfaction (n) p.82job security (n) p.82Кkey dates (n) p.46Ffall (n,v) p.103fast moving consumer goods (n) p.79features (n) p.70film (n) p.14finance (n) p.108financial results (n) p.108162162Llabour costs (n) p.94liabilities (n) p.108line manager (n) p.83long term gains (n) p.121loyal (adj) p .121Word List ■MRWmachine (n) p.75mail-order catalogues (n) p.5main competitors (n) p.132management consultant (n) p.36management style (n) p.82manufacturer (n) p.56margin (n) p.56market (n) p.15market leaders (n) p.132market share (n) p.132marketing (n) p i 4merge (v) p.53motivation (n) p.82multinationals (n) p.14recruit (v) p.37repeat business (n) p.4report (n) p.40retail outlet (n) p.56retailers (n) p.56retailing (n) p.56rise (n,v) p.115well-dressed (adj) p.10wholesaler (n) p.56work (n,v) p.41workforce (n) p.120workplace culture (n) p.87Nnationalities (n) p.30net profit (n) p.1080objectives (n) 84offshore bank accounts (n) p .112open market (n) p.132operate (v) p.17operating profit (n) p.115outsell (v) p.135overcharge (v) p.124overheads (n) p.115Ppack (n) p.61packaging (n) p.61parent company (n) p.14participate (v) p.40payment on time (n) p .120performance appraisal (n) p.83pie chart (n) p.115price (n) p.56prize (n) p.75produce (v) p.41product (n) p.70product policy (n) p .120product range (n) p.50production (n) p.14professional (adj) p .10profit (n) p.94profit and loss accounts (n) p.108providers (n) p.18Q5salary (n) p.82save (v) p.114schedule (n) p.24selling (n) p.14seminar (n) p.27service (n) p.4shareholders (n) p.108shares (n) p.108shopping centre/mall (n) p.57social interaction (n) p.82soft sell (n) p.38specialist retailer (n) p.57spending power (n) p .120state of the economy (n) p.94status (n) p.82stock (n) p.61strategy (n) p.36styles of management (n) p.82subsidiaries (n) p.14supermarket (n) p.56supplier (n) p.60SWOT analysis (n) p.36Ttax year (n) p.108taxes (n) p.94telecommunications (n) p.14third world (n) p .120till display (n) p.61trademark (n) p.136training (n) p.82travel (n) p.24trend (n) p.94troubleshooting (n) p.36turnover (n) p.108TV shopping channels (n) p.56uunemployment (n) p.94unique selling points (USPs) (n) p.70up-market (adj) p .21quick (adj) p .11163163TapescriptsUnit 1 C u s to m e rs1.2 Cross-culturalComparisonSN = Stephen NichollSN: One thing that does irritate meis when I ask somebody for someinformation about a product or aservice and they don't know theanswer, but they don't say 'I'msorry, I don't know the answer tothis, I'll find someone who doesknow the answer' - they try toanswer it themselves and it's really awaste of time for everybodyconcerned.1.3Language FocusR = ReceptionistTS = Tim SaundersR: Good afternoon, Hi-tone Healthand Fitness Centre.
How may I helpyou?TS: Oh, hello. I'm thinking ofjoining a fitness centre. Could yougive me some information about Hitone?R: Yes, of course.TS: So first of all, could you tell mehow much it costs?R: Is it just for you?TS: Yes.R: OK. It's £550 for a year and forthat you can use all the facilities.We have a fully-equipped gym,saunas, steambaths and aswimming pool and squash courts.And you can pay in monthlyinstalments if you like.TS: Right. And what are youropening hours?R: We're open 7 days a week from6.30 in the morning to 10 everyevening.TS: OK.
And how does it work? Imean, could you tell me what theprocedure is.R: You have a fitness assessmentwith an instructor, then we design afitness programme for you... and wereview your programme every twomonths.TS: That's good. Could you tell mewhat qualifications your instructorshave?R: Oh, they are all fully qualifiedand very experienced.TS: Uh-huh. Do you have fitnessclasses as well?R: Yes, we do.
We run six differenttypes of fitness class. There's oneevery evening except Saturdays.T: Right, and what about the classsize? Is there a maximum number ineach class?R: Yes, the maximum number ofpeople in a class is fifteen. But thereare usually only about 8 people in aclass.TS: And can I come and see if I likeit? Do you offer a free introductorysession?R: Yes, we do. I can book you in forthat, if you like.TS: Yes, thank you. just one finalquestion. Can you tell me if it'spossible to bring guests?R: Yes when you're a member youcan bring one guest.
It costs £7.50a visit.TS: OK. Can I book an introductorysession for next week?R: Sure. Could you give me yourname and a telephone number?i.5 Language PracticeI = Instructor TS = Tim SaundersI: Do you do any exercise at themoment?TS: No, I don't. And the problemis I sit at my desk all day.I: What are your favourite sports?TS: I like swimming and I enjoy agame of squash now and again!I: Could you tell me if you haveany medical problems or injuries?TS: No, I'm very healthy, thankgoodness.I: How often do you want to cometo the Centre?TS: Probably three or four times aweek.I: Can you tell me what yourobjectives are?TS: I want to get fit and I want tolose a few kilos too.164164I: And what do you do?TS: I'm a business analyst.1.6 ListeningInt = Interviewer AH = Ann HislopSN = Stephen NichollInt: So, Ann and Stephen.
I'd liketo ask you some questions aboutcustomer service. Are there anycompanies which you are loyal to?AH: I am fantastically loyal toMarks and Spencers.SN: I'm also quite loyal to Marksand Spencers. If you buy presentsfor people and they don't like them,they can take the things back andthey can exchange themInt: So what's the attitude of thestaff like at Marks and Spencer's?AH: Friendly...SN: YeahAH: ... helpful,SN: professionalAH: ...co-operative, loyal to theircompany.
They obviously enjoyworking there most of the time.Yeah I don't know how theymanage it, but they have a veryfriendly er staff.Int: What about the quality of theirof their products?AH: Fantastic.Int: Are there any other companieswhich you're very loyal to?SN: One company that I am loyalto, I think, is my bank which is FirstDirect.Int: And why's that?(1.6b) SN: Well, first of all they'reextremely convenient to use.
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