first insights into business ocr (835550), страница 31
Текст из файла (страница 31)
I spend approximately10% of my income, erm on foodand drink in a year.MM: uh hu. I spend about 14%,I'd say, so a bit more than you, buter, less than the pie chart. It seemsa lot, doesn't it?RA: It seems a lot. What abouthousing?M M: Housing; I spend about 27%,erm which is quite a lot, it's a lot ofmy income, er for one area, but I'mbuying a second house, so it costsmore money. Transport seemedquite high, I thought, er 15.7% fortransport. I spend only about 6 or7%. What about you?RA: I spend 15% erm of my totalincome on transportation, er so thatdidn't surprise me, that figure.What about household goods andservices?MM: Well, I've only got 4%, buterm, I'm not doing much work onmy house at the moment, so it's, it'snot a great deal of my income.What about you?RA: I spend 12% on householdgoods and services; I spend ermmoney on decorating, gardeningerm so that's, that's a large part ofmy expenditure.MM: Right.
I spend about 16% 15 or 16% on leisure goods andservices, so about the same as thepie chart.RA: That's similar to me. I spendabout 15%.MM: Right. That's on going to the171171T a p e s c rip tsg y m , sports, m a yb e som e trave l.c o m p a n y ; so second d o w n fro mRA: That's, th a t's ve ry sim ila r fo rtu rn o v e r w e lo o k a t o p e ra tin g p ro fitbusiness if th e ir cu sto m e rs d o n 'tm e.
W h a t a b o u t to b a cco ? I've, I, Ie rm , th is w ill sh o w w h a t surplus, o rspend 0 % o n to b a cco .h o w m u c h m o n e y th e c o m p a n y 'sp ro d u c ts if co m p a n ie s testMM: M m m . I d o n 't sm oke, so it'sm a k in g a fte r p a y in g fo r itsth e m o n a nim als.p a y o n tim e .В M a n y cu sto m e rs w o n 't b u y4If a m u ltin a tio n a l c o m p a n y paysn o t an im p o rta n t p a rt fo r m e, andp ro d u c tio n costs. So lo o k in g a t th eer 2 % seems ve ry h ig h .o p e ra tin g p ro fit th is sh o u ld g ive'firs t w o r ld ' prices fo r g o o d s fro mRA: It seems h ig h to m e to o .m an a g e rs th e idea o n h o wd e v e lo p in g co u n trie s, th o see ffic ie n tly th e y 're ru n n in g th esu p p lie rs w ill b e co m e self-10.7c Pronunciationc o m p a n y , fo r e xa m p le .1Int: R ight, a n d e rm y o u m e n tio n e dEach ye a r in te re s t rates rise.2 Last year in te re st rates rose.th e sh areholders.
W h ic h fig u re s are3 W e 'll raise o u r prices b y 2 % inth e y m o s t in te re ste d in?A p ril.KJ: W ell, lo o k in g a t th e e x a m p les u ffic ie n t.5If a c o m p a n y delays p a ym e n ts,w h a t w ill th e co n se qu e n ce s be?11.4 Listening4 The bank raised o u r o v e rd ra ft.here, they, th e ir eyes w o u ldInt: Kevin, can I ask y o u - d o y o u5 I h o p e th is situ a tio n d o e s n 't arisep ro b a b ly g o s tra ig h t to th e b o tto mth in k b ig business behaves6again.lin e - w e have th e e a rn in g s p e rresp o n sib ly?The p ro b le m arose because th eshare - th e y w o u ld like to see h o wKM: Erm, th e sim p le a n sw e r is no,m a c h in e w a s n 't w o rk in g p ro p e rly.m u c h th e y are e a rn in g o n th e irn o I d o n 't th in k it behavesin v e s tm e n t, so th e m o n e y th e y p u tresponsibly, e rm I th in k th a t it's n o tListeningin to th e c o m p a n y in th e fo rm o fth e jo b o f a business to b e have10.8 Int = InterviewerKJ = Keith Jacksonshares, th e y w a n t to k n o w w h e th e rresponsibly, it's th e jo b o f a businessth e y are e a rn in g m o re m o n e y fro mto m ake m o n e y, a n d I th in k th e yth e c o m p a n y 's o p e ra tio n s .
A n d w ealw ays p u t m a k in g m o n e y as th e irInt: K eith, can y o u e xp la in w h a t ap ro fit a n d loss a c c o u n t is, a n d th em a in p u rp o se o f it?KJ: R ight, w e ll, basically it's as ta te m e n t o f th e cash a vailable to acan see here th a t th e ir e a rn in g s perto p p rio r ity b e fo re th e effects o fshare - so th e m o n e y th e y e arn o nw h a t, o f, o f th e ir a ctio n s o n p e o p leeach p o u n d th e y p u t in to th ea n d e n v iro n m e n t.c o m p a n y - is increa sin g .co m p a n y, th e m o n e y a va ilable to aco m p a n y, to e rm , c o n tin u e itsU nit 11 C o r p o r a teo p e ra tio n s .
Erm, a n d it'sR e s p o n s ib ilityin fo rm a tio n to m anagers in h e lp in gLanguage Focus Oneth e m m ake th e ir decisions in11.2ru n n in g th e co m p a n y, a n d ve ryCH = CleanHome ManagerMC = Management ConsultantCH: W h a t'll h a p p e n if o u r p ro fitsim p o rta n tly , it's in fo rm a tio n to th eshareholders w h o are th e o w n e rs o fa p u b lic c o m p a n y - it tellsfall?shareholders h o w w e ll th e c o m p a n yMC: If y o u r p ro fits fa ll th eis p e rfo rm in g a nd h o w w e ll th e irsh a re h o ld e rs d iv id e n d w ill decrease.in v e s tm e n t in th a t c o m p a n y isCH: If o u r sh a re h o ld e rs' d iv id e n dw o rk in g fo r th e m .decreases th e y 'll be ve ry u n h a p p y.Int: R ight, so lo o k in g a t th isMC: Yes, y o u r s itu a tio n m ig h t bep a rtic u la r p ro fit a n d loss a c c o u n tve ry serious if th e p u b lic losese rm , w h ic h fig u re s w o u ld m anagersc o n fid e n c e in th e co m p a n y.be m o s t in te re ste d in?CH: O u r share p rice m ig h t fa ll ifKJ: O K, w e ll, tu rn o v e r, fo r e xa m p le ,p e o p le lose co n fid e n c e .
I th in k w eth e firs t th e re , th is sh o u ld sh o wsh o u ld co n sid e r th is m a tte rm anagers th e to ta l sum o f m o n e yseriously.m anagers can see w h e th e r th e11.3 Language Practice One1c o m p a n y is in fa c t g e n e ra tin g m o reo r less cash year o n year. Erm, n o wtu rn o v e r is n o t th e sam e as p ro fit, o fcourse, because it a c tu a lly costs2th in k a b o u t p e o p le a n d th ee n v iro n m e n t?KM: C e rta in ly.
Erm, fo r e xa m p lefa c to ry fa rm in g is ve ry b a d fo r th ee n v iro n m e n t, b u t it m akes e rmfa c to ry fa rm in g c o m p a n ie s ve ryh ig h p ro fits ; e rm c o m p a n ie s a re n 'tc o n c e rn e d a b o u t th e d e s tru c tio n o fth e rain fo re s t a n d th e y 're o fte n n o tc o n c e rn e d a b o u t th e c o n d itio n sth e ir w o rke rs w o rk in.Int: Erm, th in k in g a b o u t th a t th e n ;are th e re a n y p ro d u c ts th a t y o ud o n 't buy?KM: W ell I, I n e ve r b u y m e a t th a t Ik n o w co m e s fro m a fa c to ry fa rm ;e rm I n e ve r b u y c lo th in g th a t Ikn o w 's been m a d e in a sw e a tsh opo r w ith c h ild la b o u r; e rm I alw aystr y n o t to b u y p ro d u c ts th a t havew h ic h is c o m in g in to th e co m p a n y,and re a d in g fro m r ig h t to le ftInt: C an y o u g iv e m e som ee xa m p le s of, o f h o w th e y d o n 'tbeen te ste d o n a n im a ls - I checkth e labels in th e sh o p to m ake sureIf a c o m p a n y c o n d u c tsth e y h a v e n 't been te ste d o nirre sp o n sib le m a rk e tin g ,a n im a ls, a n d I n e ve r b u y a n y th in gcu sto m e rs w o n 't b u y th e irfro m a c o m p a n y th a t I k n o w investsp ro d u c ts .h e a vily in a c o u n try w h e re th eSm all co m p a n ie s w ill g o o u t o fg o v e rn m e n t abuses h u m a n rig h ts o fm o n e y to p ro d u ce , o r to ru n th e172172Таpescriptsth e p e o p le w h o live there.in te re s tin g a n d ra th e r w a ckyA m e rica n lifestyle, fo r e xa m p le , soIn t: O K.
W ell, lo o k in g a t th e o th e ra d ve rtis in g c a m p a ig n fo r th e irM c D o n a ld 's are ve ry lu cky in th eside o f th e co in , are th e re a nyp ro d u c t. Erm, a n d in n o v a tio n , fo rp o w e r o f th e p ro d u c t a n d th ep ro d u c ts th a t y o u d o tr y to buy?e xa m p le , V irg in w e k n o w o f as e r amessage th e y have o n a g lo b a lK M : W ell, I, I always try to b u y e rmm usic o r a irlin e c o m p a n y ; th e y alsoscale. O th e r c o m p a n ie s o f coursec le a n in g th in g s , yo u k n o w likeo w n cinem as, a n d th ro u g h th ehave m u c h g re a te r d iffic u ltie s w ithw a s h in g u p liq u id , th a t I k n o wcinem as, th e d is trib u tio n c h a n n e l o fth e ir p ro d u c ts .c o n ta in v e ry lo w levels o fth e ir cinem as, th e y 'v e m a n a g e d12.5 BusinessCommunicationp hosphates, because p h o sph a te s killn o w to p ro m o te th e ir o w n versionfish in rivers; e rm I usually b u yo f cola, so th e y 'v e ...
in n o v a tio n inT ra id craft coffee, e rm it's fro mc o n tro llin g d is trib u tio n m eans th e yIn t:O x fa m a n d it helps p e o p le incan be c o m p e titiv e in th e colay o u r s tre n g th s are?d e v e lo p in g c o u n trie s, a n d I alwaysm a rke t, fo r e xa m p le .b u y free -ra n g e eggs - th e y tasten ice r as w e ll.12.3c In t:K eith, y o u m e n tio n e de rm , som e ve ry fa m o u s nam esth e re , e rm , co m p a n ie s w h ic hU nit 12 C o m p e titio n12.3Listeningc o m p e te in th e g lo b a l m a rk e t place.Are th e re a n y p a rtic u la r p ro b le m sfaced b y c o m p a n ie s w h o , w h o w ishI n t = In te r v ie w e rto be c o m p e titiv e in a g lo b a lKj = K e ith Jacksonm arket?12.3a In t: The g lo b a l m a rk e t placeis ve ry c o m p e titiv e ; h o w can ac o m p a n y b e c o m e a m a rke t leader?K): W ell I th in k basically b y h a vin ga g o o d p ro d u c t a nd u sing g o o dm a rk e tin g .
But to b e co m e a m a rke tleader th e re are th re e m ainstrategies, I th in k - cost, so re d u c in gcost, p ro d u c in g m o re cheaply,se lling m o re ch e a ply; erd iffe re n tia tio n - th a t is m a k in g y o u rp ro d u c ts a p p ea r ve ry special in th em a rke t place, a n d in n o v a tio n - sofin d in g n e w p ro d u c ts a n d n e w w aysto m a rk e t p ro d u c ts , w h ic h isp a rtic u la rly im p o rta n t in th e , as y o usaid, th e g lo b a l m arke t.12.3b In t: Can w e take a c o n cre teKJ: W ell yes th e re are. I m e n tio n e dV irg in a n d C o ca -C ola fo r e xa m p le ,these are g lo b a l players in th e so ftd rin ks m a rke t, e rm th e y d o facep a rtic u la r p ro b le m s . W e c o u ld takea n o th e r e xa m p le - M c D o n a ld 's inth e fo o d reta il business. Fore x a m p le M c D o n a ld 's , th e m a in p a rto f th e ir se lling s tra te g y is th e q u a lityo f th e ir p ro d u c ts , th e sta n da rd ise dq u a lity.
It's ve ry d iffic u lt fo r ac o m p a n y to c o n tro l o r g u a ra n te eth e q u a lity o f th e ir p ro d u c t o n a■So B re tt. W h a t d o y o u th in kB r e tt: W ell, I e n jo y w o rk in g w ithp e o p le as p a rt o f a te a m . I th in k th ebest results c o m e fro m w o rk in gto g e th e r. I've fo u n d th a t's tru e in allth e p ro je cts I've w o rk e d on.In t: W e ll, Barry. You seem to haved o n e lo ts o f d iffe re n t th in g s .
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