Vocabulary Science and Technology (794135), страница 8
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Humans have 23 pairs of _________________________; fruit flieshave only four pairs.12. At _________________________, a baby inherits genes from both itsfather and its mother.13. Sprouts in a vegetable garden show that _________________________has taken place.SCRAMBLED WORDSUnscramble the words from the reading to complete the sentences.1. YOGLOGE ____________________ is the study of the Earth’s crust,including rocks and fossils.2. RUCLARIC ____________________ winds blow around in a spiral.57WORDS AND MEANINGSUse clues to help you complete the crossword puzzle.
Answers are words fromthe reading.ACROSS11. male reproductivecell3. broken off part orpiece of something367. a thousand millionS2PF4G5ECDOWN2. a tiny bit; a speck4. form of matter thatis neither liquid norsolid7B5. female reproductive cell6. kind of dioxide formed with oxygenSUFFIXESSuffixes can be used to turn many words into adjectives (describing words).Rewrite the words below.
Make them adjectives by adding one of thesesuffixes: -y, -ic, -al, or -ful.1. dream ___________________5. history ________________________2. music ____________________6. guilt __________________________3. peace ____________________7. atmosphere ____________________4. ice ______________________8.
environment58__________________UNIT 3SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY WORDSLesson 2Today’s Weather Forecast: A National OverviewPeople in the northern Midwestcan expect frigid temperaturestoday. In some extreme northernlocations, 0 degrees may be thedaytime high. The South will befairly chilly as well. Highs thereare projected to be in the upper 40sand lower 50s. As a group of high-Snow will continue to fall acrossthe Midwest. The South will see a fewmore flurries and showers before thisevening.
But most of the precipitationthere will dissipate by tomorrowmorning. Both the Pacific Northwestand the Northeast can expect morerain today as low-pressure systemspressure systems move across thecountry, temperatures are expectedto fall even lower.linger. But the relentless weatherpattern in both regions is expectedto break up by the weekend.TODAY’S OUTLOOK IN SELECTED CITIESATLANTARain showers changing to ice and snow;increasing clouds; high 45°, low 28°KANSAS CITYOvercast in the morning, sunny in theafternoon; high 30°, low 10°SEATTLEIntermittent showers until noon, thenmostly sunny; high 45°, low 39°DETROITConsistent light flurries throughout theday; high 25°, low 5°WORD SEARCH1.
What twelve-letter adjective in thereading means “stopping and startingagain from time to time”?____________________________i592. What eight-letter plural noun in thereading means “sudden light fallsof snow or rain”?____________________________f3. What eight-letter noun in the readingis a synonym of “prediction”?____________________________f4.
What four regions of the United States are mentioned inthe reading?_______________________________ ______________________________________________________________ _______________________________PARTS OF SPEECHMany words can be used as either a noun (names a person, place, or thing) or a verb(names an action). On the lines below, write two sentences using the boldface wordfrom the reading. In one sentence, use the word as a noun. In the other, use the wordas a verb. The first one has been done for you.1. snowVERB:NOUN:NOUN:60_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4. showerVERB:______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.
rainVERB:______________________________________________________Freshly fallen snow covered the sidewalk.______________________________________________________________The weather forecaster said it might snow today.2. fallVERB:NOUN:NOUN:__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________SYNONYMS1Complete the puzzle with wordsfrom the reading. Clues are synonyms(words with a similar meaning) ofthe answer words.ACROSS2EF344. places; perhaps citiesCL5. persistent; unyielding6.
to break up; disappearDOWN1. to foresee; anticipate52. freezing; bitterly coldRE3. steady; unchanging64. to remain; continueDANTONYMSThink about the meaning of the boldface word in each phrase. Then circlea letter to show its antonym (word with the opposite meaning). Check adictionary if you need help.1. some extreme northern locationsa. slightlyb. remotec. unusual2. will be fairly chillya. windyb. uncomfortablec. sweltering3. snow will continuea. ceaseb.
developc. proceed4. increasing cloudsa. darkeningb. diminishingc. fluffier61UNIT 3Lesson 3SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY WORDSTry It Yourself: Making MoldEveryone knows that the Earthis teeming with all kinds of plantsand animals. Biologists have identifiedmore than a million animals andnearly 400,000 different types ofplants. But plants and animals aren’tthe only organisms living on Earth.Another classification of living thingsis called the fungus kingdom.Molds, yeasts, and mushroomsare fungi. Mold grows on damp,decaying things like discarded foodor dead trees. To see for yourself, trythis experiment:(1) Fill three small cups half full ofcoffee, and put three slices ofbread in clear plastic sandwichbags.(2) Then place one bag of bread andone cup of coffee in each of theseplaces: on a sunny windowsill;in a dark cabinet or closet; in therefrigerator.(3) Every day for two weeks, usea magnifying glass to observethe bread and coffee.
Take noteson any changes you see. Draw asketch if something appears.(4) If you don’t see any change, keepchecking for another two weeks.What will you eventually discover?Fuzzy white stuff will appear on thecoffee. White, green, or black stuffwill appear on the bread. This ismold—a type of living, growing thingthat is neither a plant nor an animal.WORD SEARCH1. What ten-letter adverb in the readingmeans “finally” or “in the end”?_________________________e2.
What five-letter proper noun in thereading names a planet?_________________________E3. What seven-letter noun in the readingmeans “in biology, one of the major groupsinto which all living things are divided”? _________________________k624. What nine-letter plural noun in thereading names a kind of edible fungithat have a stalk and a cap?_________________________mANTONYMSFirst unscramble the words from the reading. Then write each unscrambled word nextto its antonym (word that means the opposite).NYNUS ___________________________GEMTINE _____________________MAPD ____________________________REPAPA ______________________UZZFY ____________________________LUFL __________________________HEWIT ___________________________GINFYAM _____________________1. dry / ________________________5. hairless / ____________________2.
vanish / _____________________6. barren / _____________________3. reduce / _____________________7. empty / _____________________4. black / ______________________8. gloomy / _____________________MULTIPLE-MEANING WORDSNotice how the words type, draw, and mold are used in the reading. Then writeoriginal sentences in which the words have completely different meanings. Use adictionary if you need help.1. (type) ___________________________________________________________2. (draw) ___________________________________________________________3.
(mold) ___________________________________________________________63SYNONYMS1Complete the puzzle with wordsfrom the reading. Clues are synonyms(words with a similar meaning) ofthe answer words.ACROSSDOWN2. rotting1. a sack4. a drawing2. dim7. to watch3. thrives8. a vegetable5. swarming6. almost24SB3D5GT6N7O8PANALOGIESRemember that an analogy is a statement of relationship.
Figure out the relationshipbetween the first two words. Then show the same relationship by completing theanalogy with the correct word from the reading.1. Elephant is to animal as yeast is to _________________________.f2. Alike is to unlike as same is to _________________________.d3. Natural is to cotton as manmade is to _________________________.p4. Ledge is to windowsill as cupboard is to _________________________.c5.
Organize is to organization as classify is to ________________________.c6. Plants is to plant as fungi is to _________________________.f7. General is to specific as scientist is to _________________________.b8. Either is to or as neither is to _________________________.n64UNIT 3SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY WORDSLesson 4Two Kinds of Research: Basic and AppliedResearch—thequest for information—was born when peoplefirst started asking questions andsearching for answers. The inventorsof the wheel were great researchers.Modern research, based on study andexperimentation, got its true start inplants grow on Mars.
Wishing only toadd to the world’s knowledge, they don’tconcern themselves with the practicalapplications of their findings.In the natural sciences—such asbiology, chemistry, and medicine—methods of research are very exact.Scientists have developed veryaccurate instruments such aselectronic microscopes.Applied research is aimed at apractical goal. Researchers focus ondiscovering or inventing new anduseful products or better ways ofdoing something. The first syntheticplastic, for example, was developedto find a substitute for ivory in themanufacture of billiard balls. Thisearly plastic—called Celluloid—pavedthe way for development of today’senormous plastics industry.Basic research is aimed atdiscovering more about the laws ofnature. As they push into theunknown, scholars doing basicresearch may have little idea of whatlies ahead.
They may be trying to findout why birds migrate or whetherBasic and applied researcherswork hand in hand. Applied researchis often built on ideas from basicresearch. In turn, basic researchersdepend on applied research for theinvention of instruments that makefurther investigations possible.the 1500s with the work of Galileo.WORD SEARCH1. What five-letter noun in the readingmeans “a seeking, hunt, or pursuit”?___________________________q652. What seven-letter verb in the readingmeans “to move from one region toanother with the change of seasons”?_________________________m3.
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