Vocabulary Science and Technology (794135), страница 6
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LAUDNUSNOIT ____________________ are wavy movements.3. Precipitation is measured in CHINES ____________________.4. Liquid causing dampness is called STROMUIE ____________________.39UNIT 2Lesson 4SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY WORDSTry It Yourself: Make a Standing WaveAny surfer will tell you that an ocean wave keeps moving—even when it washes onto a beach. This experimentwill show you a kind of wave that doesn’t goanywhere. It’s called a standing wave.To conduct this experiment, you’ll need:• several drinking glasses ofdifferent sizes• a small cloth such as a dishtowel• a plastic bottle of water• a machine that shakes when it operates(clothes dryer, dishwasher, washingmachine, air conditioner, etc.)Follow these steps:1.
Fill one of the glasses about halffull of water.2. Put the cloth on the machine andplace the glass on the cloth.3. Turn on the machine and wait afew seconds.4. Look at the water ’s surface.Do you see a pattern of rings?5. If you don’t see a pattern, repeat theexperiment with a different size glassof water.6. What should you do if you try all theglasses and still don’t see a pattern?Repeat the experiment with a differentmachine.What will happen when you finally find the right combination of glasssize and shaking machine? You will see ring-shaped standing waves on thewater’s surface.
The waves in the water will go from the wall of the glass tothe center—and then seem to disappear. But the waves don’t actuallydisappear in the middle. As they keep going to the other side of the glass,they exactly match the waves coming toward them!WORD SEARCH1. Which five-letter noun in the readingmeans “one of the huge bodies of saltwater on Earth”?40__________________________o2. What seven-letter noun in the readingnames a manmade substance used inmanufacturing many products?p__________________________3. What seven-letter adjective in the readingmeans “more than two but not many”?__________________________sSYNONYMSComplete the crossword puzzle with words from the reading. The clue words aresynonyms (words with a similar meaning) of the answers.ACROSS12C3.
to demonstrate3SS6. to test45DOWN1. middle6KSE2. vibrates4. typeL5. littleWORDS IN CONTEXTFirst unscramble the word from the reading and write it on the line. Then circle aletter to show the word’s meaning.1. The sea SEWSAH ____________________ the shore.a. cleans with soapand waterb. flows overor againstc. wears orcarries away2.
A NAGDINTS ____________________ wave doesn’t go anywhere.a. confined; unableto flow freelyb. upright orerect positionc. position, rank,or reputation413. An electric shaver is a machine that shakes when itAPESTORE ____________________.a. runs orworksb. conductssurgeryc. manages orcontrols4. A RENTTAP ____________________ of rings will appear on thewater’s surface.a. plannedrouteb. guide for makingsomethingc. visibledesignANTONYMSWrite a letter to match each word from the reading with its antonym (word with theopposite meaning).1. _____ fulla. away2. _____ differentb. identical3. _____ towardc.
vanish4. _____ appeard. empty5. _____ exactlye. approximatelyTHE PREFIX dis-The prefix dis- has three meanings: (1) away, away from, or out of; (2) the opposite of;(3) to fail, stop, or refuse to. Read the words listed below. Then write 1, 2, or 3 to showthe meaning of the prefix in that word. If you’re not sure, check a dictionary.1. _____ disbelief6. _____ disregard2. _____ dislocate7. _____ dissatisfied3. _____ disagree8. _____ disqualified4.
_____ dishonest9. _____ disown5. _____ displace4210. _____ disobeyUNIT 2SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY WORDSLesson 5Carbon: A Common ElementAll things thattake up space onEarth—includingsolids, liquids, and gases—are madeof matter. And all matter is made ofchemical elements.
So far, scientistshave identified 103 elements. Someof these are gold, helium, tin, oxygen,and carbon. Elements are basic. Thatmeans they cannot be broken downinto simpler substances.Carbon is an interesting element.In nature, it is found in two differentforms that have very differentproperties, or characteristics. Adiamond is one form of carbon.
Asthe hardest natural substanceknown, diamonds are used to makecutting tools. And, of course, polisheddiamonds are beautiful gems oftenused in jewelry. Another form of thesame element is graphite—which issoft, black, and slippery. Because ofits properties, graphite is used togrease the moving parts of somemachines. Did you know that whatwe call the “lead” in a pencil is reallygraphite?Carbon makes up less than onepercent of all matter.
But thisimportant element can be found inall foods and is part of every livingthing. Chemists have given the nameorganic chemistry to the branch ofchemistry that studies carboncompounds.WORD SEARCH1. What ten-letter noun in the reading means“the characteristics or special qualities bywhich something is known”?____________________p2. What three different forms of matter are mentioned in the reading?____________________s___________________l3.
What nine-letter noun in the reading means“chemical substances formed by combiningtwo or more elements”?____________________g____________________c434. What seven-letter adjective in the readingmeans “having to do with chemicalcompounds containing carbon”?____________________oWORDS IN CONTEXTUse words from the reading to complete the sentences.1. Some of the ____________________ of matter are color, odor, shape,and density.2.
The two gases mentioned in the reading are ____________________and ____________________.3. Platinum and silver are two ____________________ that are oftenused in fine jewelry.4. Chemists study ____________________ and how it can change.WORD FORMSComplete the chart by writing either the noun or adjective form of each word given.The first one has been done for you.NOUNADJECTIVE1. sciencescientific2.chemical3. beauty4.
difference5.important6. nature7.44elementaryWORDS AND MEANINGSUse the clues to help you solve the crossword puzzle.ACROSS12. fundamental;not reducible4. So far, 103 of themhave been identified.35. form of carbon thatis soft and black7. the hardestsubstancein natureDOWNS42GE57B6GTD1. form of matterincluding oxygen(plural)2. a division or part of5. precious jewels3. form of matter includingiron (plural)6.
lightweight metal used tomake cansSYNONYMSUnscramble the words from the reading. Then write each word under its synonyms(words with a similar meaning).TRIPEROPES ______________________ROMF_______________________DUMSCOONP _____________________SEERAG ______________________1. kind, type,__________________________3. to oil, lubricate,____________________________2. qualities, characteristics,__________________________4. mixtures, combinations,____________________________45UNIT 2Lesson 6SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY WORDSIn Pursuit of Knowledge: The Scientific MethodScience is the study of nature andthe universe, based on facts learnedfrom observation and experiment.This process of discovery is called thescientific method.
There are fiveorderly steps in the scientific method:3. Suggest a possibleanswer or solution.Scientists call this preliminarytheory a hypothesis. For the timebeing, they use this idea as the basisfor further study and reasoning.1. State the problem. You can’tbegin to answer a question orsolve a problem until you knowexactly what it is that you’retrying to learn.4.
Conduct experiments to try outthe theory. A scientific experimentis a test—or series of tests—designed to determine whether atheory is correct. The results ofone experiment often lead tofurther experiments.2. Gather all related information.You must research your subjectthoroughly to determine what isalready known. Besides readingabout the subject, you might talkto others who are working on thesame problem.5. Record the results. Lastly, a scientistwrites a report on the experiment.This document, which is recordedin some detail, may be used asproof that the theory is correct.WORD SEARCH1.
What eight-letter noun in the reading means“everything that exists, including the Earth,sun, planets, and outer space”?____________________u2. What eight-letter noun from the reading means“a written record that proves something”?____________________d3. What eleven-letter noun in the reading means“careful examination and study of something”? ____________________o464. What seven-letter noun in the reading means“something being discussed or examined”?____________________sPARTS OF SPEECH• Study the words in the box. Circle only the words that can be used as either a nounor a verb. Check a dictionary if you’re not sure. (Hint: You should circle 12 words.)problempercentstudysubjectconductdocumentsolveprooftimetestexperimentstatelearnbasisreadingdetermineobservestepleadresults• Now write sentences of your own. Use four of the words you just circled in twodifferent ways.1.2.3.4.NOUN:____________________________________________________________VERB:____________________________________________________________NOUN:____________________________________________________________VERB:____________________________________________________________NOUN:____________________________________________________________VERB:____________________________________________________________NOUN:____________________________________________________________VERB:____________________________________________________________PLURALSWrite the plural (names more than one) form of each word from the reading.1.
experiment ____________________3. proof _____________________2. discovery ______________________4. theory ____________________47SYNONYMSUse words from the reading to complete the crossword puzzle. Clue words aresynonyms (words with a similar meaning) of the answer words.1ACROSS45. test56. comprehendedF2P3MRE7. theory8. collect6DOWN1. additionalKI72.
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