Atlas of the Caucasian Languages. Koryakov (2002) (1184421), страница 4
Текст из файла (страница 4)
Adyghea: Kuban middle river, Krasnodarskoye reservoir southwards; ▶TURKEY[~3% of Circassians, in Çanakkale, Eskişehir, Afyon Karahisar ils].Å N. Adyghea: Laba middle & lower river, Belaya estuary; ▶TURKEY [a few in Bolu il ].Å NE. Adyghea: now only Shovgenovskoye (Шэуджэнхьабл) village at Laba middleriver; ▶TURKEY [~40% of all Circassians, esp. in Samsun, Tokat, Sinop, Balikesir,Çorum, Bursa,… ils].
Until 1860s covered the whole area between Psekups & Belayaupper valleys; in 1860s almost all speakers migrated to Ottoman Empire.The following dialects were spoken in the Caucasus until 1860s After that its speakers partly migrated, partly remained andassimilated by speakers of other dialects† 1af z ha ne , zhanean; жанеевский @ жанэ, žanə; Å in 17th c. was spoken in all western part of West Circassian area (now SW.Krasnodar territory) but by 18th c. only on Kuban lower left bank & Karakuban island.Replaced by Shapsug & Natukhay by 19th century. Maps: #0.(†) 1ag n at u kh a y; natuxai, natuxaj, natkuaǧ,Å formerly Kuban lower left bank southwards & along the Black Sea coast betweennatuḫ ay, brakey; натухайский,Pshada valley & Anapa (now SW. Krasnodar territory).
Dissolved in Shapsug by earlyнатухажский @ нэтхъуадж, натхокоадж,20th century; ▶TURKEY [a few in Niǧde, Bilecik, Eskişehir ils].nətχ°aǯ1ah h at u ka y , hatuqwai, hetuqwai, hatukaj,Å formerly between Pshish & Belaya lower valleys. Dissolved in Chemguy by earlyhatquai, tatukai, khatukai, gatukai, gatiukai, 20th century; ▶TURKEY [~3% of Circassians in Kayseri, Bolu ils].khatoukhay; хатукайский, гатюкаевский;(Tur) hatıkuay, hatuhuay @ хьатикъуай,hatiiq°ajAtlas of the Caucasian languages† 1ai† 1aj1aky eg e r uk ai , jegerukaj; егерукайский,егарукайский @ еджэркъвай, jəǯərq°aj,yedzherqwaym a m kh eg h, mamx’ag, mamxegh,mamkhet; мамхягский @ мамхэгъ,мамхыгъ, mamxəǧm a kh os h , makhoshevian, mokhosh,moḫ oš, mexesh; махошевский,мехешевский; (Tur) mehoş, mohoş@ мэхъош, məχ°əš1A-1b Kabardian, east circassian, qabardian,qaberdey, kabarday, kabardey, kabartay,kabardi, kabard, kabardino-cherkes,kabardo-cherkessian, upper circassian, eastadyghe; кабардино-черкесский;@ къэбэрдей-черкесыбзэ, q’əbərdəj-čərkjəs,1ba k ab a r d i a n p r op e r ; кабардинский;(Balqar) къабарты @ къэбэрдеи-бзэ,q’əbərdəj11Guide: NORTH CAUCASIANÅ formerly between Laba & Belaya middle valleys.
Dissolved in Chemguy by the endof 19th century.Å formerly Belaya middle river. Dissolved in Chemguy by the end of 19th century.Å formerly Laba middle river; ▶TURKEY [a few in Samsun il].Total: 441k (L1), 570k (EG). Å RUSSIA [425k: Kabardino-Balkaria [OL]; KarachayCherkessia [OL]; N. Ossetia; Adyghea Republics; Stavropol, Krasnodar territories);▶TURKEY: [~20% of all Circassians, esp.
in Kayseri, Tokat, Aydın, Sivas… ils); SYRIA;JORDAN; ▶▶ SAUDI ARABIA; USA. Divided from West Circassian and migrated fromKuban basin eastwards in 13th–14th cc. Maps: #2,3,4,5,18.Å N. Kabardino-Balkaria ("Kabarda").aliterary kabardian& Scripts: Roman from 1923; Cyrillic from 1936; Baksan model.bbaksan, greater kabardian; баксанский,великокабардинский @ бахъсэн, baχsən,къэбэрдеишхуэ, q’əbərdejšx°əÅ N. Kabardino-Balkaria: Zolsky, Baksansky, Prokhladnensky, Urvansky, Chereksky, Chegemsky,Elbrussky dss (“Great Kabarda” ).cterek, lesser kabardian; trans-terek;малокабардинский, затерский @ къэбэрдейцIыкI, q’əbərdej-c’ɨk’; тэрк, болътей, tərk, bołtejdmalka; малкинский @ хьэжыхьэблэ, həžɨhəblə1bbm oz d ok ; моздокский @ мэздэгу, məzdəg°1bcc he r k es , cherkess, cherkessian, kubanzelenchuk; черкесский, кубанозеленчукский @ черкесыбзэ, čərkjəsɨbzə;Å E.
Kabardino-Balkaria: Tersky ds (“Little Kabarda” ).Å NW. Kabardino-Balkaria: Zolsky ds (Khadzhikhabla, Lower Malka village & settlements: Batekh(from 1924-25), Etoko (from 1934-35)). Earlier lived in P’atigorye (currently Pyatigorsk town),migrated to Malka in 1825-30.Å Mozdok town (N. North Ossetia) & steppe villages northwards (Stavropol territory:Kursky ds). Migrated from Kabarda in the mid 18th c.Å NW. Karachay-Cherkessia. Migrated from Kabarda in 1780-1825 and settled inZelenchuks & Urup upper valleys; were replaced in 1830-50s.aliterary cherkes&Cyrillic script; Khabez model.bkhabez, cherkes proper @ həbəzÅ Kuban upper river, Big Zelenchuk middle river, Little Zelenchuk middle river.cabazaktÅ Little Zelenchuk middle river: Abazakt; live mixed with speakers of Abaza.dpsauchedakhe @ psəwč’ədaxəÅ Little Zelenchuk middle river: Psauche-Dakhe; live mixed with speakers of Abaza.eersakonÅ Big Zelenchuk middle river: Ersakon.fpervomaisky, podkumsky @ abɨq’o həbləÅ Podkumok river: Pervomayskoe village.1bd1bfk ub an , laba, adygei kabardian; кубанский,закубанский, полабский, адыгейскокабардинский @ псыжь, psɨźb es l e ne y , beslenei, beslanay, besney;byslenei, beslin, baslhyn; central circassian;бесленеевский, бесленейский, беслинский,бысленейский @ беслъэней, bəjsłənəjÅ E.
Adyghea: Laba middle river: Khodz, Blechepsin, Koshekhabl, Ulyap. Migratedfrom Kabarda in 1790-1822; Ulyap was founded in 1868. Bilingual in WestCircassian.Å RUSSIA: NW. Karachay-Cherkessia: Beslenei, Vako-Zhile; E. Krasnodar territory:Uspensky ds (Konokovo, Kurgokovskoye); ▶TURKEY [~2% of all Circasssians, in Çorum, Amasya, Kirşehir, Niǧde, Bolu, Ankara ils]; SYRIA; JORDAN; GERMANY; USA. Dividedfrom Kabardian in 15th c. and until 1820s lived between Laba upper river & Urupmiddle river. By 1858 majority migrated to Ottoman Empire.
Transitional toW. Circassian and can be treated as separate language. Speakers are included intoCherkes community.† 1A-2 UBYKH; ubyx, oubykh; убыхский; (WCirc) убэх, Å RUSSIA (modern SE. Krasnodarsky territory) until 1864: 45-50k. Almost allwybekh; (Tur) vubıh, ubıh; @ t°axə́, a- t°axə́, a- migrated to Ottoman Empire in 1864, where settled in Balikesir, Bolu, Sakarya… ilspjox, a-pyokhi, pyokhi, pekhi, päkhy, pakhy[~10k in EG, 1975]. Language was replaced by neighbouring Circassian dialects (lastspeaker died in 1992 in Hacı Osman Köyü village, TURKEY). Extinct. Maps: #4,18.2aa lower ubykh, littoral ubykh; приморскоÅ RUSSIA: along the Black Sea coast between Chimit & Khosta river valleys. Bilingual inубыхскийSadz or West Circassian (Shapsug).asubeshx, субешхbkhize, хизе, хобза, пшогияÅ between Shakhe & Buu rivers.cwardane, вардане, ардонеÅ between Buu & Dagomys rivers.dpsakhe, mamai, псахе, чизымогуа, чизма, мамай Å between Mamaika & Shochi rivers.esashe, sasze, саше, сача, соцва, сашсёfkhamysh, khosta; хамыш, хоста2abupper ubykh, montane ubykh; горноубыхский1A-3 ABKHAZ-ABAZA [94], abkhazo-abazin; widerabaza; wider abkhaz; абхазо-абазинские;(Tur) abaza1A-3a Abkhaz, abxaz, abkhazian, apsua, abxazo,abḫ āz; абхазский; (Abaza) апсыуа;(Mingrelian) aphaza; (Grg) aphazi @ аҧсуа,аҧсшǝа, áphswa bɨzš°á, apsš°á; aapswa3aa l i t e r a r y a b kh a z3abc hx wa r t al , chkhortoli, samurzaqan;@ чхуарталÅ between Chimit & Shakhe rivers; lived mixed with Shapsug.Å between Shochi & Agura rivers; lived mixed with Sadz.Å Khosta valley; lived mixed with Sadz.Å RUSSIA: upper basins between Shakhe & Sochi rivers.Total: ~140k (L1), 170k (EG).
Å GEORGIA [95k]; RUSSIA [36k]; ▶ TURKEY [4,563(L1)+7,836 (L2) in 1965; ~35,000 (EG) in 1993: Bolu, Sakarya, Kayseri, Samsun,Sivas, Bursa… ils]; ▶▶ GERMANY [80]; USA [15]. Separate statistics is available only forex-USSR states. Comprises three closely related languages, one of them is possiblyspoken only in diaspora. In diaspora often treated as a single language.
Manyspeakers migrated to Ottoman Empire after annexation of their lands to Russia in1860s. Maps: #3,4,5,18.Total in CIS: 101k. Å Abkhazia [92,838; 91,162 in 1995; two separated areas alongthe Black Sea coast]; ▶RUSSIA [5k]; UKRAINE; TURKEY (see ABKHAZ-ABAZA); JORDAN; SYRIA;Iraq; MACEDONIA; Greece; ▶▶ GERMANY; USA; UK. Bilingual in Russian & (more rarely)Mingrelian & Georgian. Maps: #4,5.& Scripts: Cyrillic from 1862 (Roman in 1926-38; Georgian in 1938-54); Ab z h uimodel.Å part of Chkhortoli village (Galsky ds / Samurzaqan). Formerly was spoken in morevillages and by head of Samurzaqano principality.Atlas of the Caucasian languages3aca b z hu i , abzuy, abzhywan, abz’âwa; kodor,ochamchiri; east abkhaz; абжуйский@ абжууаа, a-bžuwāajgiarda, dzhgyarda; джгердинский @ джгярда,ǯgjardabatara @ атара, atarac(†) adpokvesh поквешский; @ поквеш, pak°ašu p p er k o d o r i an ; tsebelda-dalatsebelda, tsobal @ cabalā, цобалаbdal @ дала, dalā3ae3afkaldaxwar, othara; отхарский; @ калдахуараblyxny; лыхненский; @ лыхны(†) 3agaatsy, aacy, @ аацыp s h u; псхувский @ psh°ɨ, псху1A-3b Sadz, south abaza, lesser abkhaz, sadzian;южноабазинский, садзский.3ba(†) 3bbÅ until 1860s in NE.
Abkhazia; all migrated to TURKEY…Å until 1860s middle Kodori basinÅ until 1860s upper Kodori valleys ad z p r o p e r , jix, dzhiget, sadzua, littoralabaza, приморский, джихский,прибрежный, джигетский, садзский-С;@ saʒwam on t a ne s ou t h ab a z a , medoveev;mdawei, медовеевский,горно-южноабазинский; (WCirc) мдажъуи,мудавэй, медозюи, @ abaʒaÅ until 1860s in N. Abkhazia (Bzyb upper valley); all migrated to TURKEY…Total: 5-10k.
Å until 1860s RUSSIA (SE. Krasnodar territory), NW. Abkhazia; then allmigrated to TURKEY (see ABKHAZ-ABAZA); JORDAN; SYRIA; GEORGIA [~1,500: Adjaria(Batumi einvirons: Feria, Adlia)]. Transitional between Abkhaz and Abaza and thusoften treated as a dialect of one or other. Maps: #4.Å until 1860s along Black Sea coast between Sochi & Zhvava-Kvara valleys.Å until 1860s upper reaches of Matsesta, Psou valleys.achua, čwa, чуаÅ Matsesta upper valley.bchuzhi, čuži, чужиÅ Kudepsta upper valley.cchuzhgucha, tsvydjy, čužguča, чужгучаÅ Chvizhepse valley (Mzymta basin).dachipse, ahčypsaa, ахчипсоу, ахчипсу, ачипсеÅ Achipse valley (Mzymta upper basin).eaibga, аибгаÅ Psou upper valley.1A-3c Abaza, abazin, abazian, abazinian, ashuwa;абазинский, абазский; (Abk) ашəуа, ashwua;(WCirc) абадзэ; @ абаза-бызшва, abazаbɨzš°a3ca l i t e r a r y a b az a3cbGuide: NORTH CAUCASIANÅ until 1860s in C.
Abkhazia (Sukhumi, Gulripsh ds): between Psyrtskha & Kodoririvers; migrated to TURKEY; SW. Georgia (Adjaria, Batumi environs: Angis); JORDAN;SYRIA; a few returned later in C. Abkhazia: Eshera, Anukhva; some relics are inBagmaran, Merkheuli, Lata.Å CW. Abkhazia (Gudauta ds): between Bzyb lower valley & Psyrtskha valley (Bzypynb z y p , bzyb, bzypian, bzâp; gudauta; westabkhaz; бзыбский; @ абзыҧӄəа, a-bzɨphkhoa country); ▶TURKEY;…g um , gumian, gumista; sukhum, gulripsh;abžyaqwa; гумский, абжяквинский,сухумский; @ гума, g°ɨmāac12Å E.
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