Диссертация (1146701), страница 40
Текст из файла (страница 40)
The winds are light because there is very littlehorizontal movement of air: the Sun’s blazing heat lifts it almost straight up! This hot air rises upand branches out like a fountain, some north, some south, forming upper levels of air currentsknown as the anti-trade winds – literally stopping ships from trading!B) Fill in the table:The type of wind and the wind forceAbbrDirectionAdjective +country / areaNNENWNorthNortheastthe northern hemispherethe northeastern statesSSESWAdjective+ Example: Abbr → type of wind andwindthe wind forcenortherlyN5→ Northerly Force 5northeasterlyNE 4/6 → Northeasterly Force 4 to 6NW 3/5 →S3 →SE 8 →SW 2/4 →VGrammarComplete the text with the correct form of verbs (Active or Passive) from the box.to interruptto circle to steerto blowto whip upto deflectto moveWesterliesThanks to the Coriolis effect – the spin of the Earth from west to east – trade winds 1_________and made to veer off a headlong north-south course.
The air currents that 2______ towards thepoles from the Horse Latitudes 3_________ eastwards and merge into the prevailing westerly wind– the second great wind system of the global circulation system.The westerlies 4_______ the Earth in waving bands between the 30th and 60th parallels.Even at ground level, westerly winds can be the wildest of all the persistent winds: they 5________storms in the North Atlantic and the English Channel while in the southern hemisphere, becausethere are no land masses 6_________ their flow, they 7______ at gale force across thousands ofkilometers of open ocean, driving before them storm clouds and rolling the sea into huge waves upto 18 m high.The trade winds, the westerlies and the polar easterlies are the three major components ofthe global circulation system – the global air convection.VITranslate into Russian an extract from a letter published in Yachting Monthly in 1975from someone who had survived a typhoon.We saw it building up astern.
It grew higher and higher until we were looking up at its crest.Then it fell upon us with a terrific crash and roar. We had two lifeboats on the poop which flew intothe air in a shower of planks, spars, sails and other gear. A solid wall of water rushed along the afterdeck carrying all before it – ventilators, hatches, tarpaulins, wire reels, hen coops, everythingmovable and immovable. It burst in the doors of our accommodation, knocking out all the teak228panels and flattening the rails down to the deck, then along the foredeck and up and over the foc’slehead and back into the ocean.
In one minute we had been swept clean.VIITranslate the text from Russian into English.Климат в Великобритании умеренный и мягкий благодаря влиянию Гольфстрима. Югозападные ветры приносят сюда теплый воздух и влажность. Но погода здесь настолькоизменчива, что англичане считают, что у них нет климата, а есть только погода с её тремявариантами: когда дождь идет утром, когда дождь идет днем, и когда дождь идет весь день.Осадки распределены более или менее равномерно в течение года.
В горных районахосадки в виде дождя интенсивнее, чем в равнинной части. Самый сухой период – с марта поиюнь, самые влажные месяцы – с октября по январь. Средний диапазон температур – от 5 до23 градусов выше нуля. На юге летом температура может иногда подниматься выше 30градусов. Снег зимой идет редко и быстро тает, мороз – тоже редкость. Январь и февраль –самые холодные месяцы, июль и август – самые теплые.Влажный мягкий климат благоприятен для растительности. Бутоны на деревьях ицветах распускаются ранней весной.VIII Speaking1.
Describe the climate in your region (type of climate, its features, average temperatures andrainfall/snowfall, prevailing winds, weather patterns, vegetation).IXWritingWrite a paragraph: How does the weather affect humans?(their health, mood, activities, etc.)229Приложение 6Пример урока по работе с видеофильмом из модуля«Атмосферные и природные явления»Module 2Atmospheric and Natural PhenomenaUnit 3The atmosphere creates the weatherVideo PartPREVIEWINGSpeakingDiscuss with your partner:1. Can you name any weather extremes?2.
How do they form?3. Are there any synonyms among the names of weather extremes?VocabularyA. Complete the sentences with the correct word or phrase.water vaporsurfaceextreme weatherice crystals (x2)flash of lightningtemporary stateupdraftselectrically chargedcomplex relationshippoleairWeather is the 1___ _____ of the earth’s atmosphere. It depends on the 2 _____ _____betweenthe air, water, and heat from the sun.
The Sun heats up more air over the equator than it does atthe 3 _____. This causes huge movements of air across the 4 _____ of the earth. Thunderstormsare one of the most common forms of 5 ____ ____. They usually begin with warm, humid 6_____ moving upwards.These 7 _____ rise above the earth, meet icy cold air, and clouds formas 8 _____ ____ cools and condenses, forming 9 ___ ___and water droplets. The clouds become10 ___ ____, both positively and negatively.It is believed that lightning is formed due tocollisions between 11 ___ ____.
The electrical charge is discharged in a 12 ___ ______ .B.Match the words (1–8) with their definitions (a–h) and then use them in the sentences.1. to evaporate2. moisture3. turmoil4. to clash5. rampart6. elusive7. to churn8. basina) a state of great anxiety and confusionb) to move about violentlyc) to change into a gasd) is difficult to find or not often seene) an area of land that is lower at the centre than at the edgesf) a high wide pile of earth or a stoneg) to hit and make soundh) small amounts of water that are present in the air, on the surface of smth1.
We watched the ocean _______.2. Around the globe the atmosphere is constantly in ______.3. The clouds are generated by heat evaporating _______ from the oceans and the land.4. The sun _______ moisture on the leaves.5. These ______ act as a kind of barrier, trapping the dangerous mixture of warm and cold air.6. Far higher in the atmosphere is much more ______ and exotic form of lightning.2307. This landscape is the perfect arena for two very powerful masses of air to ______.VIEWINGa) Read the information below. While watching the video, decide on the right option in eachstatement. After watching, check your understanding with your partner.1. The Villagers at the Festival de la Pachamamaa) are requesting for a good harvest.b) are talking with their god about the weather.c) are celebrating a wedding.2. Scientists work out where the stormiest places in the world area) by examining landscapes.b) by asking villagers.c) by counting the number of lightning strikes in a year.3.
The landscape in Argentinaa) is peaceful.b) has everything you need to brew a really rip-roaring storm.c) is sticky.4. The Andesa) trap the dangerous mixture of warm and cold air in the same place.b) is a recipe for trouble.c) are in the Amazon basin.5. The lightninga) is an electrical field.b) consists of different types of ice.c) is the by-product of the extreme air movements within the storm clouds.6. Sprites is a type of lightning thata) strikes down towards the ground.b) reaches upwards.c) moves from cloud to cloud.b) While watching the video fill in the weather terms (one word is extra):stormcloudsbreezeairheat (x2) moisture coolnesshurricane atmosphereAll weather, from the gentlest (1) _________to the fiercest (2) _____, is the result of (3) ______moving in the (4) ______. The (5) _____ are generated by (6) ________ evaporating(7) ________ from the oceans and the land.
Here, in Argentina, the warm moist 8____ isparticularly warm and moist. And in the Amazon basin the cold air is particularly cold because it’sbeing channeled up from the South Pole down there. The extreme turmoil caused by the cold andwarm air clashing is what drives a (9) ____________.POSTVIEWING231A. PhoneticsRead the passage from the script and identify strong and weak forms.Storms are gathering in the mountains so (1) that’s where (2) I’m heading. (3) I’m hoping tosee (4) some (5) of the lightning this region is famous (6) for. (7)The problem is while themountains make this area stormy, they don’t make it easy to catch up with the storm.
Right now, allI see (8) is a black sky in front of me. It’s just (9) a wall (10) of dark cloud and dust. I mean, whatwe haven’t seen is lightning. I haven’t seen any. Look (11) at that! I think I spoke too soon. It’squite beautiful, actually.B. Word buildingMake up sentences of your own using these pairs of words formed by conversion:channel – to channel,trap – to trap,cool – to coolC.
Vocabulary1. Think what each of these sets of words from the video has in common: if they are synonyms,opposites, compounds, collocations, lexical sets, words with prefixes or words with suffixes.IIIIIIIYYhot, sticky, warm, moistground – sky, cold – warm, upwards – downwards, good – bad,stormiest, peaceful, particularly, upwardsbattleground,foothills, by-product,everythingice crystals,electric field,dark cloud2. Make up sentences of your own, using these phrasal verbs from the video:a) work out (to solve a problem by doing a calculation),b) look for (to try to find smth/sb),c) catch up with (to get to the same level),d) build up (to increase gradually; to develop)3.
Read the information below and match the underlined words with their definitions.- A tornado begins as a storm in the sky and extends down to the ground. A tornado’s wind canmove at 400 kilometers an hour.- Most tornado deaths are caused by flying debris.- Tornadoes are extremely difficult for meteorologists to predict.1. scientists who study the earth’s atmosphere2. broken pieces of something3. a rotating column of moist air that touches the ground4. bad weather, with wind and rainD.
![](https://s.studizba.com/z.php?f=/templates/si/i/noavatar.png&w=100&h=100&t=1"){kind=avatar}
