new insights into business teachers book (835558), страница 26
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In some cases afranchisor may appoint a 9.............................................to supervise all aspects of the development of the businessinside a territory.© Pearson Education Limited 2000PHOTOCOPIABLE67■ Key vocabulary exercises Units 5 -6Unit 5 International Business StylesComplete the passage below using the appropriate words or phrase from the box.subordinateshierarchydelegatenational cultureauthorityThe amount of responsibility of any individual in a company depends on the position that he or she occupies in its1...............................................
Managers, for example, are responsible for leading the people directly under them,who are called 2...............................................To do this successfully, they must use their3........................................... , which is the right to take decisions and give orders that will allow their subordinatesto reach certain objectives.
Managers often 4........................................... authority. This means that employees, atlower levels of the company hierarchy can participate in decision-making. The characteristics of management oftenvary according to 5............................................ , which can determine how managers are'trained, how they leadpeople and how they approach their jobs.Unit 6 BankingComplete the passage below using the appropriate word or phrases from the box.commercial banksthe Bank of Englandclearing banksmerchant banksbranchesThe banking sector in the United Kingdom is made up of a variety of different institutions which are supervised by thecountry's central bank,1..............................................
This bank not only looks after both the government's financeand monetary policy but it also acts as banker to other banks. However, for the general public and many businesses,banking services are provided by the 2........................................... (also called the 3.............................................
) whichhave offices o r 4.............................................throughout the country. These banks offer a wide range of bankingservices which include accepting deposits, making loans and managing their customers' accounts.5.............................................on the other hand, do not deal with the public but specialise in providing services tocompanies or corporate customers. They are particularly active in arranging mergers and acquisitions and in advisingon aspects of corporate finance.68© Pearson Education Limited 2000PHOTOCOPIABLEKey vocabulary exercises Units 7 -8 ■Unit 7 Business and the Environmenti|Complete the passage below using the appropiate words or phrase from the box.[consumer societyenvironmentpollutionrecycled■packaging[jIt is often said that we live in a 1............................................
; we consider it important to buy productsjJand services. Companies need to be aware of the impact of this on the 2............................................ , thejinatural world around us. Many companies use 3.............................................(boxes, bottles, etc.) whichiihas been 4............................................ , that is made using old materials. 5.............................................
,i!such as smoke in the air, can be reduced if companies use trains instead of road transport.!—— ---------— _ — — — — _ ---------- — — — — — — — — — _ JUnit 8 The Stock MarketComplete the passage below using the appropriate words or phrases from the box.securitiesequitiesbondsshareholderstakeissue sharesstock market/stock exchangeordinary/common sharesbrokerinstitutional investorsdividendstradedWhen a company needs to raise money in order to grow, it can do so on the 1...........................................(a market place for buying and selling shares) by choosing between two different options, it can decide to2.........................................
(or units of its capital) which can be bought b y 3......................................... or bythe general public. Although different types of shares o r 4.........................................are available on the market, the most common are known a s 5...........................................When an investor buys a share, using theservices of a specialist company o r 6........................................., he or she becomes a 7....................................and owns a part of (or has a 8......................................... in) a particular company.
Shareholders can makemoney if the company does well either by receiving 9.........................................which are paid to them as aproportion of a company's annual profits or by seeing the value of their shares increase.Alternatively a company can borrow money from investors by issuing 10........................................which areloans for fixed periods of time and which carry fixed interest rates.11......................................... is the termthat is used to refer to both bonds and shares. Each year billions of shares and bonds are sold or12.....................................
on the world's major Stock Exchanges in New York, London, Frankfurt and Tokyo.© Pearson Education Limited 2000PHOTOCOPIABLE69■ Key vocabulary exercises Units 9 -1 0Unit 9 Import ExportComplete the passage below using the appropriate words from the box.protectionistquotaexportimporttariffThe exchange of goods and services between different countries is referred to as international trade.Depending on what a country produces or needs, it can either1.............................................(send goodsto another country) or 2............................................. (bring in goods from another country).A 3...........................................
is a tax imposed on imported goods; whereas a 4............................................is the maximum quantity of a product that may be admitted to a country during a certain period of time.These measures are said to be 5.............................................in that they raise the price of imported goodsso that domestically produced goods will gain a price advantage.Unit 10 Company PerformanceComplete the passage below using the appropriate words or phrases from the box.revenuefinancial accountsannual reportdataprofitsmarketslossescostsCompanies need to know how they are performing in order to make plans for the future and to analyseand find solutions to the problems that they may be facing.
To do this successfully, businesses requireinformation not only about their own activities but also about the 1.............................................theyoperate in. Management accounts for the company provide key 2.............................................aboutoperational efficiency, whereas 3........................................... give information about financial performance.This allows companies to know not only how much they are selling or how much4.............................................they are receiving but also what their 5............................................. are or howmuch they have to pay for the different things that they need to operate their businesses.
With thisinformation companies can then calculate how much money they have made(6............................................) or how much they have lost (7............................................) during a specificperiod. Annual accounts for listed companies, whose shares are sold on the Stock Exchange, have to bepresented to the public in the form of an 8.............................................which gives detailed financial andother information about companies.70© Pearson Education Limited 2000PHOTOCOPIABLEKey vocabulary exercises Unit 1 1 -1 2UUnit 11 Setting Up a BusinessMatch the types of companies with their corresponding definitions.1 Sole Trader (UK) or a When two or more people want to start a business together they can set upSole Proprietor (US)a partnership and agree on how the business will be operated.
All partnersare responsible for the debts of the partnership and profits and losses are2 Partnership (UK)shared between them.3 Private Limitedb A company can be formed with a minimum of two people becoming itsCompany (UK)shareholders. In order to establish such a company, specific administrativeprocedures must be followed.
For example, the shareholders must appoint adirector and a company secretary. If the company goes out of business, theresponsibility of each shareholder is limited to the amount that they havecontributed. This is known as limited liability. A private limited company hasthe letters Ltd. (Limited) after its name.c This is the simplest way of starting a business. You are self-employed andentirely responsible for all aspects of the management of your business.Unit 12 Corporate Alliances and AcquisitionsMatch the types of alliances with their corresponding definitions.Two companies, often in the same industry, come together to form1 Joint ventureone company.
Companies may do this for many reasons, for example,2 Mergerto increase market share and cut costs in certain areas, such as researchand development.3 Acquisition or takeoverThis is when one company accumulates enough of another company'sshares to gain control and ownership.Two or more companies agree to collaborate and jointly invest in abusiness project.
This type of deal allows the partners to combine theirstrengths in one specific area.© Pearson Education Limited 2000PHOTOCOPIABLt71■ Key vocabulary exercises Units 13-14Unit 13 MarketingComplete the passage below using the appropriate words or phrase from the box.price1productmarketingthe four Pspromoteplace...............................is the term given to all the different activities intended to make a profitable demandfor a product.
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