English Grammar Reference and Practice. Drozdova (810400), страница 32
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go to the theatre1.2... He.m i^h t b.e <?n..hie way .to the dentist...She.iri i^h.t. .have. done. the. &hc>j?j?j ng.......3 ..................................................................................4 ..................................................................................5 ..................................................................................6 .............................................................................7.....................................................................................(A, B) Translate the sentences.1. Вы, возможно, встретите его на станции.
2. Может быть, он оставил нам записку. 3. Вы, возможно,забыли свои перчатки дома. 4. Она, возможно, поймёт это позже. 5. Может быть, дверь была незаперта. 6. Возможно, они не хотят видеть нас. 7. Она, может быть, напишет вам. 8. Она, возможно,всё уже забыла.О(В, С) Translate into English.1. Можно мне здесь подождать? - Да, конечно. 2. Ты мог бы остаться дома хотя бы на один вечер.3. Может быть, он уже ушёл. 4. Может быть, он ещё ждёт. 5. Студенты могут получить эту книгув библиотеке. 6.
Иногда отсюда можно видеть море. 7. Могу я помочь вам? 8. Можно мне пользоватьсясловарём? 9. Нельзя пользоваться словарем во время контрольной работы. 10. Вы могли бы приходитьвовремя. Вы всегда опаздываете. 11. Я не могу вспомнить его адрес. - Неужели ты даже улицузабыл? 12. Здесь нельзя купаться. 13. Давай позвоним Майку, нам может понадобиться его совет.14. Они, может быть, приедут завтра.(В) Underline the correct word(s).1. Сап/M ig h t I have an apple, Mum? - Of course, help yourself.
2. Excuse me, Sir. Can/M ay I leave theroom? - Yes, but don’t be too long. 3. Am I allowed/Might I borrow these dictionaries for a moment, Sir? Certainly, take whatever you need. 4. Сап/M ig h t I use your pen, Bob? - Of course, you m ay/m ight.5. May l/A m I allowed to smoke in the office? - I am afraid you are not.105MODALVERBS4. "M u st"Forms and Meanings(MODAL VERBEquivalent~PRESENTm ustm usthave to ...havehasto...be to ...amisareto...vPASTFUTURE——hadto...waswereto...\will have to ...—L .
............ ............. .M ust Expresses:^1. obligation, necessity(= have to...) (д о л ж е н )Well, it’s 10 o ’clock, I must/have to go now.2. a command, an urgentrequest (побудительноепредложение)You must leave the room at once. - Немедленно выйдите изкомнаты.3. prohibition (н ел ьзя,You mustn’t speak to a prisoner in a foreign language.-- ----------------------- .—-—.-----------------.—---------------- , , „ _ JTo Have To Expresses:obligation or necessity arisingout of circumstances(д о л ж е н = приходит ся,вы н у ж д е н )I have to get up at 6 every day.
My working day begins at 8.Last night Den suddenly became ill. We had to call the doctor.V...................—................ ............^^_________To Be To Expresses:^1. an agreement or arrangement,part of a plan (д о л ж е н )(see “Talking about the Future” )We were to meet at the entrance to the theatre at a quarter to ^nine.They are to go to Spain in July.2.
a strict order/prohibition(побудительноепредложение)You are to go straight to your room. - Сейчас же иди в своюкомнату.You are not to get your feet wet. - He смей мочить ноги.3. something thoughtas unavoidable(предстоит, су ж д е н о )Sally wanted Morris to be friendly with her but evidently it wasnot to be. He went about thinking of his life and what was tobecome of him.^106MUSTNOTES:1.The absence of necessity is expressed by needn ’t:Yes, you must.□Must I go there tomorrow?No, you needn’t. (Нет, не нужно.)2. There is sometimes a difference between must and have to.
With must the speaker is giving his ownfeelings, saying he thinks it necessary:□I must visit my friend. He is ill.□I must w rite to Ann. I haven’t written to her for ages.3. We can only use must to talk about the present and future; have to can be used in the three tenseforms:□I had to go to hospital.□I am afraid I can’t come tomorrow. I will have to work late.We use do/does/did with have to in Present and Past questions and negative sentences:□Did you have to walk all the way home?□No, I didn’t have to walk, I took a tram.(B) Translate the sentences, explain the use of must or have to in them.1 .1 must go and lay the table myself.
2. We had to walk all the way to the station. 3. She had to change hershoes after walking in the garden. 4. She pretended she didn’t understand anything. Mother had to tell herplainly what she thought of it. 5. W e’ll have to run. 6. The shoes are a size too small. I’ll have to go to theshop and have them changed. 7. She was running high temperature. I had to put her to bed at once. 8.You’ll have to do something about it.
9. Someone will have to stay and warn them.(A) What Jenny must/mustn’t do. When Tom rings up his friend Jenny, she tells him what she mustor mustn’t do.J..!.mustn’t1. Don’t g o to school.2. SWf3 ■Don’ttn t>ed-Watch tooniuch 7V.4. Take your temperatureevery morning.5. Take your medicine.6. Come to my surgery againon Monday at 4 o ’clock.7- DonPlay withVourfriend:s.107,0 0t o ,school..MODAL0(A, В) Complete the sentences with mustn’tor the correct form of not have to.1. You mustn’t smoke at petrol stations.
2. Shedoesn’t have to come if she doesn’t want to.3. W e .................................miss the train. It is thelast one. 4 . 1.............................. do this work tonight.1 can do it tomorrow. 5. I ...............................cleanthe floor today. I cleaned it yesterday.
6 . 1............................. forget to lock all the doors before we goaway. 7. T h e y .................................sit in the sun fortoo long. They might get burnt.H(A, B) Use the infinitives in brackets with must,have + Infinitive if the action is only necessary; withbe + Infinitive if it is expected.VERBS............................... you there? 4. I’m afraid you (go)................................. there alone, darling. I’ve sucha h e a d a c h e ! 5. W hen th e le c tu re (b e g in ).............................. ? 6.
Two more apartment houses(be b u ilt)................................here. 7. Well, children,who ( d o ) ............................... the dishes to-night?8. Sorry, I’ve got to rush. I (m eet)..............................Mother at the metro station at 6 sharp. 9 . 1(write)...............................a letter to my sister.
I am worriedabout her. 10. She (wear) ..................................glasses as her eyesight is very weak. 11. It is raining.You (put on) ................................ . your raincoat.12. It was planned that we should wait for themafter the performance. We (w ait)...............................for them at the entrance.1. This is Dora. She (share)............................... yourro o m . 2. I m u s t le a ve you now . I (d o ).................................. the cooking. 3. Who (meet)The Functions of the Verb to Have in a Sentence1. The full verb«иметь»2.
Auxiliary verb3. The equivalentof the modalverb must«должен»(have + noun)□I have a dog.(have + Participle II)□I have done the work.(have + fo-lnfinitive)□I have to do this work on time.V\5(В, C) Analyse the meaning of the verb to2.He had to sit up late with this work.1. King Lear had three daughters. 2. Have a look atthe picture. I think it is a Magritte. 3 . 1have to answermany letters. 4 .
1have some information to pass onto you. 5. During our trip we had an accident in whichI had my leg badly hurt. 6. He has just come fromabroad. 7. You will have to leave at 6 to catch thetrain. 8 . 1have never made a speech in my life.3.You will have to get up very early tomorrow.4.The girl had to take care of her younger sistersand brothers.5.She will have to do it once over again.6.These documents have to be filed.О (A, B) Change the follow ing into theinterrogative and negative.7.They had to cover the whole distance on foot.1.8.We will have to speak to him about it.have./Mother has to cook dinner after work.Poes Mother have to cook dinner? Motherdoesn’t have to...108MUST/(В, C) Translate the sentences, showing theabsence of necessity.1. Ему не надо приходить сюда каждый день.2.
Мне не нужно будет сдавать этот экзамен.3. Мне не надо было поливать цветы, потому чтоночью прошёл дождь и земля была ещё мокрая.4. Тебе нечего торопиться. Она только чтопозвонила и сказала, что выезжает. 5. Я хорошоотдохнула в воскресенье, так как мне не надо былозаниматься. 6. Мне не надо вставать рано сегодня.У меня сегодня выходной день (day off).О(В, С) Translate the words in brackets.1.
He (пришлось) .................................... take thedocuments to the police station. 2. You (должны).................................... try to find the mistake andcorrect it. 3. If you want to become a good footballplayer you (должны).................................. be an allround athlete. 4. I (вынужден был) ...................................read the letter twice before I understoodit. 5. When (должны) .................................... theydock? Have they written? 6. You (должны).................................think of others.
7. The lecture (должна).................................... begin at 8 o ’clock. 8. It hasbeen arranged that she (должна) .................................... come and help the old lady. 9. It isnecessary that you should do it. You simply (должны).................................... do it. 10. If you (должен).................................... meet Mother at 6, you musthurry.T(В, C) Translate the sentences into English.I1. Мне надо видеть его сегодня же. 2. Мне пришлось идти туда самому. 3.
Вам придётся нем ного подож дать. 4. Когда же он долженприйти? 5. Вы должны вставать рано каждыйдень? 6. Мы должны были встретиться в театре. 7. Мне не пришлось ждать его долго. 8. Вампридётся поговорить с ней. 9. Им пришлосьочень долго идти пешком. 10. Ему надо переписать сочинение.
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