English Grammar Reference and Practice. Drozdova (810400), страница 35
Текст из файла (страница 35)
Her friends didn’t help.They shouldn’t have made such a terriblemess. The friends should have helped.2.I went on holiday with my friends. We stayed ata campsite.When we went to the beach, we leftour money in the tent. There was a security manbut somebody stole everything.3.A top athlete thought she would do better if sheto o k som e ste ro id d ru g s.
The A th le tic sAssociation found out about the drugs. Now shehas lost her world records.I. Ты, должно быть, пропустил его. Ты долженбыл быть более внимательным. 2. Вы, должнобыть, с ним уже поговорили. Я вижу, вы всё знаете. 3. Он не должен был так грубо разговаривать. Это могло обидеть его.
4. Она не должнабыла закрывать окно так быстро, надо было проветрить (air) комнату получше. 5. Это должнобыло случиться. Всем известна его рассеянность.6. Простите, что я опоздал. Вам долго пришлосьждать меня? 7. Надеюсь, ты не должна теперьтак рано вставать; ты ведь теперь работаешьв десяти минутах ходьбы от дома. 8. Она, очевидно, была очень приятной женщиной. Все го ворят о ней с такой любовью. 9. Я никуда невыходил в тот вечер, так как после работы комне должен был зайти Джордж. 10. Там, наверно, идёт дождь: смотри, какое тёмное небо.I I .
Тебе не надо сегодня готовить обед, так какмы обедаем в гостях. 12. Они, вероятно, что-тогорячо обсуждали; они даже не заметили, какмы вошли.6. " N e e d "Need expresses necessity. It is mostly used in negative and interrogative sentences. We use needn’t to saythat it is not necessary to do something.Forms and Meanings^vMEANINGEXAMPLESEQUIVALENTSabsenceof necessityShe needn’t get up early.The lessons begin at ten.(Можно н е...)don’t have to...She doesn’t have to do it.something thathas been donewas unnecessaryThe water was clean.You needn’t have boiled it.(Можно было и н е . .
. ;зря; напрасно)Didn’t have to is no longer anequivalent. It denotes the absenceof necessity without implying thatthe action was performed.117^MODALVERBSNOTES:1.2.When need is used in the meaning “to be in want o f something", it is treated as a normal verb:□ He needs a pair of shoes.Need as a modal verb has only one tense form - the Present.Study the Following Chart.Translate the Sentences into RussianN eedn’t (the meaning: absence of necessity)with a Perfect Infinitivewith a Non-Perfect Infinitive1. He needn’t get up early.His work begins at nine.(He нужно...)1.2. I needn’t go to the shops today.There is plenty of food in the house.2.VHe must be in his office at nine o ’clock,but he got up yesterday at six.He needn’t have got up so early.(He надо было...)The water was clean and fit to drink;it needn’t have been boiled._________ ;_______________JUse of M odal Verbs to Express NecessityrNECESSITY CAUSEDBY CIRCUMSTANCESFUTUREABSENCE OF NECESSITYNECESSITY ASA RESULT OF PLAN,AGREEMENT,GENERAL ARRANGEMENT,TIME-TABLEYou must hurry.It’s five to ten already.I have (got) to leave younow.Here goes the bell.You needn’t hurry.There is plenty of time.I don’t have to leaveyou yet.The bell won’t go foranother five minutes.I am to meet Motherat the doctor’s at fivesharp.When is the lectureto begin?I had to leave her asthe interval was over.You needn’t havehurried.There was plenty of time.I didn’t have to leaveher at once, for theinterval was only beginning.I was to come tothe University an hourbefore the time andwait for her in the hall.I’ll have to hurryto catch the five-thirtytrain.I won’t have to hurry.There’ll be plentyof time.PASTPRESENTTIME OFTHEACTION118NEED(В, C) Paraphrase the following, using themodal verb need.(Model:*) Is it quite necessary for you to do the workinstead of him? - Need you do the workinstead o f him?I(A, B) Practise the following according to themodel.(M o d e l:) A.: You took the lift, I suppose? (walk upthe stairs)B.
No, :I walked up the stairs.C. You: needn’t have walked up thestairs. You could have taken the lift.1.It is not necessary to copy the composition. Ican read it as it is.You needn’t copy the composition.2.It was not necessary for her to carry the bags allby herself: there were porters at the station.3.Why do you want to buy a new bag? I couldhave lent you mine.4.There is no use worrying about her; she is quiteable to take care of herself.1.You went by bus, I suppose? (walk)2.You borrowed the books, I suppose? (buy)3.You phoned him, I suppose? (write)4.You went by taxi, I suppose? (take a bus)5.What’s the use of reproaching yourself?You went second class, I suppose? (go firstclass)6.I don’t think there is any need to bother them,...............................................................................You left your heavy case at the station, Isuppose? (take it with me)You sent the sheets to the laundry, I suppose?(wash them myself)4L (В, C) Open the brackets, using the correctform of the Infinitive.
Translate the sentences intoRussian.1. You needn’t (s e n d )...................................the carfor us, we could have walked. 2. She washed up allthe plates, she needn’t (w ash)..................................them up, because they had a dishwasher. 3. Why doyou want to press the skirt? It is not creased at all.You needn’t (p re s s )................................... it at all.4. I knew I had to be at the office on Saturday; Ineedn’t (remind) .......................................
5. Youneedn’t (h e lp).................................him. (You helpedhim but he didn’t need your help.) 6. He was wideawake when his mother called him at seven o ’clockthis morning; she needn’t (ca ll)..................................(В, C) Use should or need with the correctform of the Infinitive in brackets.1. We (not to h u rry )............................................wehave half an hour before the train starts. 2. You (notto co m e )........................................ so early, now youwill have to wait. 3. You (not to g iv e ).......................................... the child so much money. It will spoilhim.
4. You (not to re tu rn )..........................................the money so soon. I could wait. 5. You (not to help)........................................him with this work. He couldhave managed it him self. 6. You (not to go)........................................ into this at present. They’veclean forgotten about it.О(C) Translate into English, using (don’t) haveto, needn’t (have).1. Можете сегодня туда не ходить. Товар (thegoods) ещё не доставили. 2. Вам незачем идтина улицу: у соседей есть телефон.
3. У нас теперьпостроили стадион, и детям не придётся ездитьдалеко. 4. Им незачем ездить так далеко, можнозаниматься в нашем читальном зале. 5. Необязательно вам ходить самому. Можете прислатького-нибудь. 6. Ни к чему было покупать эту книгу,119MODALона есть в библиотеке. 7. Те, кто сделал этуработу, могут не оставаться в аудитории. 8. Оказалось, что у меня есть этот словарь, так что непришлось покупать новый.
9. Вам не нужно былопокупать этот словарь, у меня есть лишнийэкземпляр, и я с удовольствием дал бы его вам,если бы вы только попросили. 10. Он мог и не6I.II.VERBSприходить, всё уже было сделано. 11. Все словав тексте были знакомы, и им незачем былопользоваться словарём; это только отняло у нихбольше времени. 12. Все слова в тексте былинастолько хорошо знакомы, что мне даже незачембыло пользоваться словарём.(В, С)Who went to school today: A or В? - E DWho didn’t phone the airline: A or B? -§IFLI GHT mFORdHTlOH7 Я/7 F L IG H T D ELBBEO BO I F HOURSB EC H U SE OF H U RRIC RflEA.
We needn’tget up early.B. You mean weneedn’t have got upat 3 am.120REVISION7. RevisionEXERCI SES1(В, C) Match each modal verb with its meaning.("Model:у You can (play chess). - It is possible for you (to play chess).11.2.3.4.5.6.YouYouYouYouYouYou2may...must...mustn’t...should...shouldn’t...needn’t...a)b)c)d)e)f)You are advised to...You are allowed to...It isn’t necessary to...It is necessary/essential to...You are advised not to...It is forbidden / You are not allowed to...23456(B) Paraphrase the following sentences, using the modal verbs. Each modal verb(jModel:() You are allowed to use mobile phones only outside the building.You may use mobile phones only outside the building.1.It is possible for his friends to rent a car with a 20% discount2.Examinees are advised to read all the questions carefully.3.It is essential for all participants to register 3 days in advance.4.They are advised not to eat this dish until it gets cold5.It isn’t necessary to buy this CD, you can just borrow it.6.Sportsmen are not allowed to argue with referees.(В, C) You have a part-time job in pizza delivery.
![](https://s.studizba.com/z.php?f=/templates/si/i/noavatar.png&w=100&h=100&t=1"){kind=avatar}
