Л.Ш. Атабаева - Английский язык. Технические факультеты и специальности (1254789), страница 15
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Study the vocabulary of the text below.1. electric motive powercредства передвижения работающие на электричестве2. miniature electric motorэлектродвигатель3. electric locomotiveэлектровоз4. conductor of electric currentпроводникэлектрическоготока5. to issue/to grant a patentвыдавать патент6. to inventизобретать, создавать7. сrude electric carriageэкспериментальнаяэлектрическая машина8. non-rechargeable primary незаряжаемые электрическиеcellsячейки, производящие ток посредством необратимой химической реакции9. commonplaceобычное явление10. commercial electric automo- серийные электромобилиbiles11. platform truckгрузоподъѐмник с платформой12. forklift trucksавтопогрузчик, вилочный погрузчик13.urban delivery vehiclesгородское транспортное средство доставки14.
preeminenceпреимущество, первенство15. lackотсутствие, недостаток16. rail networkсеть железнодорожных путей17. media campaignкампания, проводимая СМИ18. public acceptanceпринятие (товара, идеи) общественностью19. outsoldсамые продаваемые20. hit the mainstreamбить рекорды82Comprehension2.4. Answer the following questions:1. When was a miniature electric motor built? Who was the author ofthis invention?2. What was built by Robert Davidson in 1838?3. A patent for the use of rails as conductors of electric current wasgranted in 1840 in the USA, wasn‟t it?4. Who invented the first crude electric carriage and when?5.
Why were electric cars and rail transport commonplace?6. What was the purpose of electrified trains?7. What vehicles were among the earliest automobiles?8. What main manufacturers of the electric automobiles appeared inearly 1900s?9. Are electric vehicles hitting the mainstream nowadays?10. What carmakers are developing a new generation of electric vehicles nowadays?2.5.
Decide if the statements are true (T) or false (F). Read the Text tocheck your answers:1. The electric motive power started with a big space operated by a giantelectric engine built by Edison in 1840.2. In 1838 an American named Robert Davidson built a fuel locomotivethat attained a speed of 10 miles per hour (12 km/hour).3. Between 1832 and 1839 Robert Anderson of Scotland invented oneof the best vehicles in the world powered by non-rechargeable Primarycells.4.
By the 20th century electric cars and rail transport were a rare phenomenon in the car industry.5. Electrified trains were used for water transport.6. Switzerland‟s availability of natural fossil resources forced the rapidelectrification of their rail network.7. All major carmakers, such as Daimler AG, Toyota Motor Corp, General Motors Corp, Renault SA, Peugeot-Citroen VW and Mitsubishi Corp.,are suspending developing new-generation of electric vehicles.Vocabulary development2.6. Match the words in order to get the pairs of synonyms:1.
to issue a patenta. to create2. to attain a speedb. to grant a patent833. to inventc. to achieve a speed, to reach aspeedd. enginee. license, certificatef. to decreaseg. press campaign4. public acceptance5. media campaign6. motor7. to reduce2.7. Match the words in order to get the pairs of antonyms:1. miniature2.
commercial3. reduce4. lacka. increaseb. availabilityc. single producedd. not ordinary phenomenon, unusuale. rechargeablef. rural delivery vehiclesg. giant5. commonplace6. non-rechargeable7.urban delivery vehicles2.8. Fill in the gaps:Electric locomotive, commonplace, miniature, preeminence, crude electric carriage, commercial, platform trucks, forklift trucks, rechargeableprimary cells, iconic British milk float, out-sold gasoline-powered vehicles, conductors of electric current, internal combustion engines.1. Electric motive power started with a small railway operated by a………. electric motor, built by Thomas Davenport in 1835.2.
In 1838, a Scotsman named Robert Davidson built an ………… thatattained a speed of four miles per hour (6km/h).3. In England a patent was granted in 1840 for the use of rails as……………...4. Between 1832 and 1839 (the exact year is uncertain), Robert Anderson ofScotland invented the first …………………, powered by………………....5. By the 20th century, electric cars and rail transport were ………….,with …………… electric automobiles having the majority of the market.6.
Over time their general- purpose commercial use reduced to specialroles as ……………, ……………..and urban delivery vehicles, such as the…………………;847. Electric vehicles were among the earliest automobiles, and before……..of light, powerful …………….. electric automobiles held many vehicle land speed and distance record in the early 1900s.8. They were produced by Baker Electric, Columbia Electric, DetroitElectric, and others and at one point in history ………2.9. Match the words from two columns to make word combinations:1. electric motive2. to attain3. to Hit4.
crude5. rail6. non-rechargeablea. mainstreamb. speedc. electrical carriaged. powere. primary cellsf. network2.10. Complete the sentences:1. Electric motive power started with a small railway operated by……….2. In England the patent was granted………….3. Between 1832 and 1839 (the exact year is uncertain), …………4. By the 20th century, electric cars and rail transport were ……….5.
Over time their general- purpose commercial use …………..6. Electrified trains ………..7. Switzerland‟s lack of natural fossil resources ………..8. Electric vehicles were among …………..9. Nowadays, electric vehicles …………….10. All major …………….Speaking2.11. Summarize the text.Grammar revision2.12. State the form and function of the Infinitive. Translate the sentences into Russian.1. To fulfill this condition was out of my power. 2. His aim is to masterEnglish. 3. Suddenly she felt the need to speak. 4.
I want to use your dictionary. 5. I went in to see if they were ready. 6. He is too young to understand85it. 7. He demanded to be heard. 8. She gave him some water to drink. 9. Wemet to discuss and arrange our plans. 10. It all sounds too good to be true.2.13.
Replace the following complex sentences or groups of sentences bysimple sentences with the Infinitive. Translate the sentences into Russian.Model: They sent me to the University. They wanted me to study theelectronics.They sent me to the University to study the electronics.1. I am buying bread. I want to feed the bird.2. Mechanical engineers design machine-tools. This is their task.3.
He rushed into burning house. He wanted to save the child.4. She is saving up. She wants to buy a car.5. I am glad that I have finished the calculations for the new engine atlast.2.14. Open the brackets using the appropriate form of the Infinitive.Translate into Russian.1. The electricity is used (to propel) the vehicle in many different ways.2. Wind, water and sun may be used (to provide) energy.3. The young vehicle engineer hoped (to involve) in designing a newtype of motor.4. I hate to bother you, but the students are still waiting (to give) booksfor their work.5.
She sat there trying to pretend she did not want (to dance) and wasquite pleased (to sit) there and (to watch) the fun.2.15. Translate into English.1. Нам понадобилось немало времени на то, чтобы убедить его, чтоон не прав.2. План нашей работы будет обсуждаться на заседании, которое состоится завтра.3. Метод, который будет использоваться в производстве деталейдля нового двигателя, был разработан исследователями нашего института.4.
Вы приехали для участия в конференции?5. Он – спокойный и сдержанный человек. С ним легко иметь дело.86Unit 3Before you read3.1. Answer the following questions:1. What is an electric vehicle? What do you know about electric vehicles?2. What types of electric vehicle do you know?3.
What parts does the electric vehicle consist of? Make the list of electric vehicle parts and compare it with a partner.3.2. Give the examples of a new model of electric vehicle. What companyproduces it? Compare it with the previous original model. Which featuresare different? Is the new one better?3.3. Now read the text. Make a list of the facts that are new for you.Compare your list with a partner.ELECTRIC VEHICLES. TYPES OF ELECTRIC VEHICLESAn electric vehicle (EV) is a vehicle with one or more electric motorsfor propulsion.This is also referred to as an electric drive vehicle.
The motion maybe provided either by wheels or propellers driven by rotary motors, or inthe case of tracked vehicles, by linear motors.Unlike an internal combustion engine (ICE) that is tuned to specifically operate with a particular fuel such as gasoline or diesel, electric drive vehicle needs electricity, which comes from sources such as batteries or a generator. This flexibility allows the drive train of the vehicle to remain thesame, while the fuel source can be changed.The electricity used to propel the vehicle may be provided in many different ways, the energy can come from any source, fossil fuels, nuclearpower, solar, wind and etc. and this energy can either be supplied to thevehicle continuously as it is used or stored in the vehicle in some way, suchas batteries or fuel cells.Electric vehicles can include electric cars, electric trains, electric airplanes, electric boats, and electric motorcycles and scooters even electricspacecraft.873.4.
Study the vocabulary to understand the text below. After that:count how many words/word combinations you’ve known beforeelicit words/word combinations you would like to learn1. electric vehicleэлектромобиль2. propulsionпродвижение вперѐд, движение вперѐд3. to refer to as electric driveотноситься к таким машинамvehicle,как например, электроприводная машина4.
motionдвижение5. flexibilityгибкость, подвижность6. fuel cellтопливная ячейка, тепловыделяющий элемент7. linear motorлинейный двигатель, индукторный двигатель8. internal combustion engine двигатель внутреннего сгора(ICE)ния9. rotary motorповоротный двигатель10. nuclear powerатомная энергия, ядернаяэнергетика,11. drive trainцепь привода, кинематическая цепь12. propulsionпривод, движущая сила, двигатель13.
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