Л.Ш. Атабаева - Английский язык. Технические факультеты и специальности (1254789), страница 18
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further3. profound4. skills5. to master6. up-to-dateнеобходимыйдальнейшийглубокийнавыкиовладеватьсовременныйVocabulary development2.3. Find Russian equivalents to the following1. Дальнейшая профессиональная подготовка2. Гуманитарные предметы3. Включать в учебный план4. Приобретать профессиональные знания5. В соответствующей области6.
Современное технологическое оборудование7. Основные направленияComprehension2.4. Decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F)1. In their third and forth years students acquire knowledge and professional skills in the field chosen.2. A foreign language is studied during 2 years only.3. Humanities are not included into curriculum of the faculty.4.
The graduates from the B.SC program can continue their studies.5. There are only two directions at the faculty.2.5. Answer the following questions1. What subjects do the students of the faculty study?2. What are the humanities?3. What humanities are taught to you?1014. Who can be awarded B.Sc.
and M.Sc degrees?5. How many years do engineers study?6. What are the main directions of training at the faculty?Grammar Revision2.6. Put questions to the underlines words1. Student gain basic knowledge.2. A foreign language is included into the curriculum.3. The graduates from B.Sc program can continue their studies.4. They master the skills to work with equipment.5. The students are given fundamental training.2.7. Rewrite the sentences changing the Voice (Active/Passive)1.
The students of the faculty study fundamental subjects.2. They pass qualifying examination.3. They borrow all necessary books from the library.4. They master foreign languages.5. Humanities are also studied by future engineers.2.8. Translate the sentences into Russian paying attention to modalverbs and their equivalents1. I hope you will be able to do this yourself.2. You may go away now; I‟ll finish the work myself.3. He was not allowed to enter the hall after the third bell.4. As he received a bad mark he had to go over the material again.5.
You were to meet her at the station at 4 p. m.2.9. Summarise the textUnit 33.1. Read the text and answer these questions1. Why do broadcasters make programmes in HD?2. What will cause interference in a digital TV?3. What is the future of HD?THE ERA OF HIGH DEFINITION TVBroadcasting and television are now entering the era of High Definition(HD) – a transition as profound as the first introduction of television and thesubsequent transition from black-and-white to colour television.102The benefits of HDTV can be summarized as follows:High-definition television (HDTV) yields a better-quality image thanstandard television does, because it has a greater number of lines ofresolution. The visual information is some 2-5 times sharper as the gapsbetween the scan lines are narrower or invisible to the naked eye.
The largerthe size of the television the HD picture is viewed on, the greater theimprovement in picture quality. On smaller televisions there may be nonoticeable improvement in picture quality.Some disadvantages of HDTV should be also mentioned:– Limitations to picture qualityIn practice, the best possible HD quality is not usually achieved. Themain problem is that many operators do not follow HDTV specificationsfully.
They may use lower bitrates or smaller resolution to pack morechannels within the limited bandwidth, reducing video quality.– Connector cablesAppropriate cabling must be used. Component video cables are RCAcables that are color coded for proper signal. They consist of three videocables (green, blue, and red), two audio cables (red and white), and theycarry an analog signal. HDMI cables carry all the video and audio in onecable using a digital signal.– Signal qualityUnlike in analog television broadcasting, in which interference causesonly gradual image and sound degradation, interference in a digitaltelevision broadcast will freeze, skip, or display "garbage" information.Nevertheless the future of high definition looks bright, not only becauseof broadcast television applications.
There are many other consumer andentertainment options that will help to expand the market and make HDmore commercially attractive. A selection of these applications includes:movie production;Digital Cinema – movie distribution and exhibition;high-definition DVDs for media and recording;Internet streaming and distribution;consumer home-movie making;medical applications;military and surveillance.Some of the applications represented above will influence the evolutionof broadcast television.To conclude, the movie industry is pushing for higher resolutions bothin acquisition and presentation.
The technology is available now and consumer awareness of high definition is increasing.103Vocabulary1. HDTV-High Definition TV- телевидение высокой точности, с высоким разрешением2. profound -глубокий, основательный3. transition -переход4. to yield – производить5. bitrates – скорость передачи двоичной информации6. bandwidth – ширина ленты, полоса частоты7. to skip – перескакивать8. surveillance – надзор, наблюдение9. downconverted-цифровой звуковой сигнал, преобразованный спонижением частотыVocabulary development3.2. Match a verb and a noun to make word partnersVerbNoun1. to entera.
HD specifications2. to achieveb. the market3. to expandc. the evolution4. to influenced. garbage information5. to displaye. the era6. to followf. HD quality3.3. Match the words from A to the words from B to make pairs of synonymsA1. to use2. to expand3. to reduce4. to influence5. to acquire6. to increaseBa. affectb. getc. applyd. diminishe.
growf. enlarge3.4. Complete the following sentences with the words from exercise 3.3.1. I didn`t intend to __________ the importance of her work.2.You should be able to have an experience in electronics to__________ it in your new job.1043. It is known that poor housing significantly ___________ educationalachievement.4. The professor ___________ his experimental methods.5. The cost of the project ______________ substantially since it began.6.
It is necessary for him to ____________ proper knowledge in thefield of optotechnology.3.5. Write the sentences in the Passive Voice using the appropriate verbfrom the box.to shootto introduceto produceto restrictto satisfyto convertto improveto export1. The USA is a well-known exporter of movies but, in addition, manyof the so called “Soap” series …there and … worldwide.2. The movie industry has been supported by 35 mm film, the parameters of which … steadily … over the years.3. Over the past few years, several “blockbuster” movies have been shotentirely, or in part, using HD.4.
As technology improved and colour television ….,Europe migrated to625 lines, 50 fields/sec.5. Material produced in this way can also … to other formats for transmission.6. Unfortunately European consumers … currently … to downconverted standard-definition versions.7. Many consumers … not …. with this unused display area and chooseinstead to distort their standard definition shows by stretching themhorizontally to fill the screen.3.6. Use the verb in brackets in the appropriate form.Before delving into the details of scanning formats for high definition, it(1.may be) of interest to briefly review the origins of television and theirrespective picture formats. One of the early pioneers of television (2.to be)John Logie Baird who (3.to introduce) television in to the UK with a 30 –line vertical mechanical scanning format.
Despite refinements it (4.to be) ofcourse inevitable that electronic scanning should become the mainstream. Inthe early 30s, the UK (5.to move) to 450 lines with a theoretical videobandwidth of 3 MHz. Germany, also an early pioneer of television, (6.tobroadcast) the 1936 Olympic Games, using 180 lines, later moving to441 lines.
France (7.to start) with 441 lines and subsequently (8.to move) to819 lines.105Unit 44.1. Scan the text “New Developments in Electronic Memories” and answer the following questions1. What is memory?2. In what way is main memory attached to the processor?3. When did new memory technology emerge?4.2. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the following sentences оrtheir parts. There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.1.
The difference in time between a register access and memory accessis very great,2. It means that products like personal computers could start upinstantly,3. Storing and retrieving data from a large block of memory is moretime consuming than from a small block.4. For which high speed is worthwhile in the first place.5. Main memory is attached to the processor via its address and databuses.6. Increases the data bus width to 64 bits, enabling it to access 8 bytes ofdata at a time.NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN ELECTRONIC MEMORIESThe versatile capabilities that have made the computer the great successare due to exploitation of the high speed of electronic computation by meansof stored programs. This process requires that intermediate results be storedrapidly and furnished on demand for long computations,a).________________.Memory is the predominant computer subsystem.
It is the storagemedium used to hold the system`s operating instructions and the specificapplication programs in use.Modern computers have significantly more memory than the first PC`sand this has had an effect on the development of the PC`s architecture. Witha large amount of memory, b).____________________, and this hasresulted in extra layers of “cache” in the storage hierarchy and using cleverelectronics to ensure that the data the processor needs next is already incache.c).______________________Each bus consists of a number ofelectrical circuits or bits.
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