Л.Ш. Атабаева - Английский язык. Технические факультеты и специальности (1254789), страница 21
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Firstly, the faculty structure was….11. Secondly, the Institutes of Nuclear Physics and Laser Physics became…12. This event was of great importance because…….13. Now the faculty comprises 4 departments. They are…..14. The faculty introduced multilevel….15. The main directions of training are….16. The main areas of specialization are….17. Students can obtain qualification of an engineer in….18.
Those who choose cameramanwork can get the profession of a ……19. During the first 2 years students are given fundamental trainingin….20. From the third year students are given….21. The faculty graduates may….22. The staff……1.8. Fill in the gaps.I study at the faculty of ______. The dean of our faculty is_______. Thefaculty was founded in_______. Its founding fathers were _________ and_________. The aim of its foundation was to train specialists in _______capable of _________. At the beginning there was only _________ department.
It was _________. Now the Physical Engineering Faculty consistsof________departments. They are:1.__________2.__________1183.__________4.__________During its history the faculty _________several changes. One of the mostimportant was in ________ when two institutes of SB RAS became the_________institutes. The training process is unique. It is based onsuch_________as:-careful selection of the most talented young people,-active participation of leading researchers in the training process,-individual ________to students,-forming _________atmosphere for study and __________ correspondingto the key concepts.Thus during the first two years students are given __________. Fromtheir third year students are given training both __________and__________.
Competent and __________teaching staff work at the faculty. It includes 53_________ and 38___________.After graduation from the university students have_________opportunitiesof getting __________ jobs.Speaking1.9. Make up short reports on subthemes using key words and wordcombinations given below.1. The history of the facultyTo be set up, necessity, founding fathers, discoveries in physics, to form thebasis of, to train specialists in, to be headed by, the only department, to consist of, to be a landmark, firstly, secondly.2.
The faculty structure, areas of specializationThe dean, 4 departments, to introduce, directions of training (B.Sc. degrees),specializations (M.Sc. degrees), specialists (engineers), profession (television cameraman).3. Training process conceptions, curriculumTraining process concepts, subjects, to participate in research work, to beassigned, to be given, fundamental training, adviser, to pay attention to, todo supervised research, to be involved in, to participate in.4.
Job opportunities for graduatesTo take postgraduate courses, to continue one‟s work.119Unit 2Before you read2.1. Discuss in small groups.1. What are the two basic research institutes of the Faculty?2. What do you know about the Institute of Nuclear Physics (INP)?2.2.
Read the text and choose the best title for it.A Academician G.I. BudkerB Research in high-energy physicsC The Institute of Nuclear PhysicsINSTITUTE OF NUCLEAR PHYSICSThe Institute of Nuclear Physics (INP) is one of the world-leading centres in high-energy physics, controlled thermonuclear fusion and appliedphysics.
It is one of the first institutes of the Siberian Branch of RussianAcademy of Sciences. The institute was founded in 1958. It originated fromthe Laboratory of New Acceleration Methods of the Atomic Energy Institute (IAE), headed at that time by I.V. Kurchatov.A brilliant representative of Kurchatov‟s school was G.I.Budker, whohad become the laboratory‟s head in 1953.
The primary subjects studied inBudker‟s laboratory were physics and technology of intense electron beams.The progress made and experience gained in this field soon enabled the design and construction of installations with colliding electron-electron and,later, electron-positron beams. Due to this capability there appeared a newdirection in the experimental study of elementary particles. In 1968 at theInternational Conference held in Novosibirsk physicists were called on tostart developing a new thermonuclear reactor.G.I. Budker proposed a breathtaking idea of a fundamentally new approach to the study of physics at high energies – linear colliding electronpositron beams. That idea became a basis for INP‟s further development.With the aim of putting into practice the achievements of modern physicsand great experience gained by the Institute, G.I.
Budker initiated the designand construction of a series of special electron accelerators for the use inradiation technologies. These accelerators opened up basically new possibilities for various branches of national economy. At present, the research activity of the institute is developing in 3 main directions:– the development of new methods of acceleration of charged particlesand creation of new accelerators for scientific and industrial purposes;120– research in high-energy physics using new accelerators;– research in controlled thermonuclear fusion.At present the Institute has 30 research laboratories and sectors. The total number of research staff of the Institute is about 490 and among themthere are 50 Doctors of Science and more than 160 Candidates of Science, 4full members and 6 corresponding members of the Russian Academy ofSciences.
The head of the Institute is academician I.A. Skrinsky.The researchers regularly publish scientific papers and organize scientificmeetings at various levels, from International and National Conferences tolocal workshops and meetings of specialized working groups.Special emphasis is placed on international contacts of the Institute.Here contacts are maintained with leading centres and laboratories. For example, for many years the Institute has been maintaining close scientificrelations with the European Centre for Nuclear Research (CERN, Switzerland). The experience obtained at CERN is being applied to new colliderprojects undertaken at the Institute.
One of the latest fields of research isinvestigation of free-electron laser and its application in biology and industry.Vocabulary1. high-energy physics – физика высоких энергий2. controlled thermonuclear fusion – управляемая термоядерная реакция3. to originate – происходить, брать начало4. electron beam – электронный пучок/луч5. to enable – делать возможным6. to collide – сталкиваться7.
colliding electron-positron beam – встречные пучки электронов ипозитронов8. charged particle – заряженная частица9. free-electron laser – лазер на свободных электронах10. to undertake – предприниматьVocabulary development2.3. Match the words with their definitions.1. originatea. the ability to do something2. capabilityb. the process in which atoms combine to formnuclear energy1213.4.5.6.7.call onapproachfusioninitiateinstallationc.d.e.f.g.a particular way of thinking or doing somethingto officially ask somebody to do somethingto begin to exist or appear for the 1st timeto make something starta system or piece of equipment that has beenmade ready for use2.4. Give English equivalents.1. управляемая термоядерная реакция2. яркий представитель научной школы Курчатова3.
интенсивные электронные пучки4. установки на встречных пучках электронов и позитронов5. разрабатывать новые методы ускорения заряженных частиц6. поддерживать тесные научные связи7. предложить захватывающую идею8. создание новых ускорителей для научных и промышленныхцелей.Comprehension2.5. Complete the sentences.1. G.I. Budker was___________ of Kurchatov‟s school.2. The main subject of Budker‟s laboratory was the physicsof_____________.3. The use of linear colliding electron-electron beams has greatly contributed to the study of_____________.4.
Special ______________ were designed and constructed for differentpurposes.5. ______________ is considered to be a promising source of energy.2.6. Check your understanding of the text answering the following questions.1. What is the INP famous for?2. What did the institute originate from?3. What was the main subject of research in Budker‟s laboratory?4.
What installations could be designed and constructed based on the research conducted?5. What new approach was elaborated to the study of high-energy physics?1226. What are the main directions of scientific activity of the INP now?7. What is the qualification of the research stuff working at the institute?8. What leading centres does the INP maintain scientific contacts with?Writing2.7. Write a short essay about the Institute of Nuclear Physics (80-100words).UNIT 3Before you read3.1.
Discuss these questions in small groups.– In chemistry and physics, what is an atom?– What is the structure of an atom?– What happens if you split an atom?3.2. Read the text for the main ideas.THE ATOMThe ancient Greeks were the first to use the term atomos, meaning thesmallest possible separation of matter. But it was first hypothesized scientifically by the British chemist John Dalton (1766-1844) when he suggested itwas the smallest particle that could exist. Since then, smaller subatomic particles have been discovered and the part they play as the basic buildingblocks of the universe is clear.
We now know that atoms are made up ofdiffering numbers of electrons, neutrons and protons, and these too aremade up of even smaller particles.Dalton's theory about atoms was not immediately accepted by chemists.However, we know now that Dalton was correct in almost everything hesaid in his theory of the atom. He described an atom, even though he hadnever seen one, as a particle that cannot change its nature. It could, he observed, combine with the atoms of other chemical elements to create a compound. Almost a century later the first subatomic particles were discovered.By the 1930s, physicists were working with new ideas which allowed themto investigate the parts of the atom in great detail.
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