диссертация (1169608), страница 24
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Then Russiatook 43rd place among export destinations and 18 – among importing countries inBahrain260. The basic document of bilateral trade and economic cooperation between theRussian Federation and the Kingdom of Bahrain is the Agreement on Trade, Economicand Technical Cooperation, which entered into force in 2001.As for the sphere of trade at the present stage, in 2016 the trade turnoverbetween the countries increased almost 5 times as compared to 2015 261. In 2015, thetrade between the two countries amounted to 12.2 million dollars.
The main items ofRussian exports (4.3 million dollars) were ferrous metals, paper and cardboard, lasers,alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages, chemical products. Imports from Bahrain were 2times higher than the volume of goods exported from Russia and amounted to 7.9million dollars, and in 2016 Russian exports increased more than 11 times262.One of the leading positions on the bilateral economic agenda is trade inaluminum, products from it, as well as work to create an alternative model for assessingthe aluminum market, allowing buyers to protect themselves from the risks of pricefluctuations. The last of the mentioned types of interaction represents an incomparablydeeper level of interaction than traditional trade exchange.The “Aluminum trend” continues to develop, so following the results of themeeting of the intergovernmental Russian-Bahraini commission on trade, economic andscientific and technical cooperation of February 22, 2017 and held negotiations,important decisions were made, including the creation of a profile multilateral259О встрече спецпредставителя Президента Российской Федерации по Ближнему Востоку и странамАфрики, заместителя Министра иностранных дел России М.Л.Богданова с Послом Бахрейна в Москве А.АльСаати [Электронный ресурс] // Официальный сайт Министерства иностранных дел РФ.
– URL:http://www.mid.ru/ru/maps/bh/-/asset_publisher/xqa5gwVgSi2T/content/id/2384161260 ال عام خ الل وال تجارة ال ص ناعة وزارة إلن جازات ال س نوي ال ت قري ر2011 [The annual report of the achievements ofthe Ministry of Industry and Trade during the year 2011] // وال تجارة ال ص ناعة وزارة، ال بحري ن مم ل كة- ال تجارة ق وان ين[ ال خارج يةMinistry of Industry and Trade, Kingdom of Bahrain - Foreign Trade Laws] [Electronic resource]. –http://www.moic.gov.bh/En/Main/AnnualReport/Documents/202011%ال ت قري ر%20ال س نوي%20إلن جازات%20وزارة%20ال ص ناعة%20وال تجارة%20خ الل%20ال عام.pdf261Annual Review 2015.
Aluminium of Bahrain – P. 68262Ibid.94international organization on industrial production aluminum. Such a measure will helpprevent inefficient spending of resources, stabilize the market and ensure the normalfunctioning of the global aluminum industry.Moreover, this sphere, because of the close intertwining of industrial sectors ofmodern economies, serves as a kind of platform for deepening bilateral relations.During the second meeting of the Russian-Bahrain Working Group on Cooperation inthe Sphere of the Aluminum Industry on February 8, 2016, agreements were reached onthe exchange of information on potential projects for the production of aluminumproducts with added value in Russia that are of interest to the Bahraini side, whichimplies an integrated exchange of experience, expansion of cooperation in the field of R& D and safety standards263.In addition, dialogue on a wide range of issues is accompanied by anintensification of contacts, and on the margins of such meetings (full-scale bilateralcooperation, as a meeting between King Hamad Al Khalifa, Prime Minister Khalifa AlKhalifa, Crown Prince Salman Al Khalifa, Commander-in-Chief of the Defense ForcesKhalifa bin Ahmad Al Khalifa and their partners from the Russian side, of a multilateralnature, as a forum-exhibition "Trade and Industrial Dialogue Russia-Arabian Gulf"2014, IV International Air Show Bahrain International Airs how - 2016, the St.Petersburg International Economic Forum, etc.) could discuss issues that were notdirectly related to the agenda, since the format implies the representation of the partiesat a sufficiently high level - the ministers of the core industries and their deputies.The innovation-technological segment of cooperation as a whole is an importantarea where Russian companies can offer not only to Bahrain, but also to other countriesof the Cooperation Council of the Arab States of the Arabian Gulf competitive servicesand products.
In 2014, the Russian company Macroscop came to the Kingdom’s marketwith software for city security systems; in the same year, optical devices were suppliedfrom Russia to Bahrain for the amount of 800 thousand dollars264.263Россия и Бахрейн выходят на новый этап развития взаимоотношений [Электронный ресурс]. // Polpred.–URL: http://polpred.com/?ns=1&ns_id=2087223264Россия и Бахрейн продолжат сотрудничество в алюминиевом секторе [Электронный ресурс] //Официальный сайт Министерства промышленности и торговли РФ. – URL: http://minpromtorg.gov.ru/presscentre/news/#!rossiya_i_bahreyn_prodolzhat_sotrudnichestvo_v_alyuminievom_sektore95Another potential segment for partnership in the field of high technologies isouter space. In 2014, the National Space Science Agency was established in Bahrain.Roskosmos can offer Bahrain cooperation in the field of space research, the creation ofspace vehicles, the reception and processing of space information obtained from them,the production of an integrated Russian-Bahraini space remote sensing system thatallows the use of the existing group of spacecraft resources to solve problems in theinterests of both states, access to the unique system of the orbital communication group"GLONASS", as well as the development and implementation of space technologynavigation, space education projects flights to the ISS.
Bahrain can be considered as acenter for the promotion of space services and products in the Gulf and Africa.Among the major Russian technology centers, which also showed interest incooperation with the Arabian monarchies, are the Central Research Institute ofEngineering Technology, the National Research Nuclear Institute MEPhI. Zayed BenRashid Al-Zayian's visit as an honored guest to the international industrial exhibition"INNOPROM-2015" and the organization of a collective exhibition of industrialcompanies and organizations of Bahrain at the main event in Russia of this format, alsoconfirmed interest from the Bahraini side.Both sides highly appreciate the interaction between the Engineering Center ofNNIU MEPhI and Riyad Group in the field of medicine, pharmacology, and relevanttechnology equipment.
The scope of the interaction is not limited to purchase and sale,but also the joint development of new projects, the localization of manufacturing. InFebruary 2015, Bahrain was visited a delegation of representatives of Russianpharmaceutical companies, which managed to reach an agreement on cooperation in therelevant field. In continuation of cooperation in 2016, the Embassy of the Kingdom ofBahrain sent a letter to the Ministry of Health of Russia with a proposal for cooperationin the medical and pharmaceutical fields265. Then Bahrain proposed the exchange ofexperience in the training of medical personnel, joint work in the field of cancer,pharmaceuticals, including the exchange of information on medical research.265Бахрейн предложил России сотрудничество в сфере медицины [Электронный ресурс] // Российскоарабский деловой совет.
– URL: http://www.russarabbc.ru/rusarab/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=4023996According to the head of the corporate development department of Stada(Russian pharmaceutical holding) Ivan Glushkov, almost three dozen plants have beenbuilt in St. Petersburg, Yaroslavl, Kaluga, Tomsk and the Moscow region, which inmany respects surpass the plants operating in other countries, and such companies as"Nizhpharm", "Biokard", have an impressive experience in the world markets266.In addition, an agreement was reached between Russia and the Kingdom ofBahrain to provide assistance to Russian specialists in developing a program of medicalrehabilitation in this Arab monarchy.In Moscow, the interest in this direction is explained by the need to promoteRussian bioengineering centers in the practical implementation of the tasks of importsubstitution and the implementation of a high-tech segment in production, which has thepotential for commercialization and the emergence of products in demand in the partnercountries markets.The access to foreign markets with products of high added value for the RussianFederation is particularly promising, since in the context of the depreciation of theruble, Russian products and services are price competitive.
Bahrain's commitment todiversifying its foreign economic partners creates additional opportunities for Russiansuppliers to enter the market.In October 2014, the national carrier of Bahrain - the airline Gulf Air - beganflights to Moscow in response to the growing demand for this direction from passengers(one of the strategic goals on the bilateral agenda is a significant increase in the bilateralflow of tourism), and to make access to Bahrain and other countries of the Arabian Gulfare more convenient for Russian businessmen.
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