Подчасов А.С., Николаева Н.Е. - Пособие по переводу английской экономической литературы (лексические трудности) (1121270), страница 8
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At the Citadel Investment Group, Ken Griffin has brought togethermathematicians, physicists, engineers, investment analysts andadvanced computer technology.4. With the economy growing strongly, workers displaced bytechnology easily found jobs in newly emerging industries.5. Technology funds will invest in a wide range of technology-relatedcompanies, including anything associated with the research,development and use of computers, software, communications,the Internet, semiconductors or any other segment of technology.6. Biotechnology funds are usually included in the healthcaresector, although they can sometimes fall into the tech sector aswell.
As with most other types of funds, tech funds can also beeither domestic or global in regards to what securities are eligiblefor purchase.5651. TENDENCYTENDENCY – n. стремление, склонность; тенденцияInstead of a tendency towards equilibrium, financialmarkets have a tendency to develop bubbles. → Вместотого, чтобы стремиться к равновесию, финансовыерынки все чаще имеют склонность создавать спекулятивные пузыри.1. Reinforcement of globalization process is a basic tendency for thedevelopment of the world’s economy.2.
According to the business tendency survey, the Norwegianmanufacturing industry experienced a further decline in outputand employment in the fourth quarter.3. There seems to be an inherent tendency for financial systems tocause periods of booms, by building up imbalances.4. As the rate of profit falls there is a tendency for investment,productivity, economic growth and tax revenue to follow whileunemployment rises.5. When financial theorists warn against ‘home bias’, they mean thetendency for investors to keep their money in assets producedby their own country. But the real home bias is the tendency toinvest nearly all our wealth in our own homes.6. Planet Finance can never quite escape from the gravitationalforce of Planet Earth, because the quants can never take fullaccount of the human factor: our tendency to underestimate theprobability of ‘black swans’, our propensity to veer from euphoriato despondency and our chronic inability to learn from history.5752.
TRADETRADE – n. торговля; обмен; занятие; ремесло,профессия;Unemployment soared to a quarter of trade unionmembers, with another quarter working short time. →Уровень безработица стремительн о вырос, и 25%всех членов профсоюза потеряли работу; при томчто еще 25% работали неполный рабочий день.1. Some of the structural drivers of inflation in Argentina haveweakened. Trade unions have become less powerful. Lossmaking state industries have been privatized.2.
A particular problem was chronically slow productivity growth,which in turn seemed closely related to the bargaining techniquesof British trade unions (‘go slows’ being a favorite alternative to‘downing tools’).3. Usually, central banks will buy or sell their own currency tomaintain the peg, as it is actually U.S. dollars that the Chinesewish to accumulate through balance of trade with the U.S.4. The system of exchanging goods or services instead of money isofficially known as reciprocal trade, and it is regulated.
Peopleoften wonder whether bartering can help them avoid taxes, butin fact, the exchange is subject to the same rules as income.5. Canada’s trade performance continued to underwhelm in Augustwith the deficit widening to $1.3 billion, suggesting that onceagain the sector will prove a major drag on growth in the justcompleted third quarter.5853.
TRENDTREND – n. тренд, тенденция, общее направление;динамикаEmerging trends are transforming many markets andbusinesses. → Вновь возникающие тенденцииразвития (тренды) оказывают воздействие намногие рынки и предприятия.1. Recognizing business trends can help business owners andentrepreneurs continue to evaluate and adapt in a changingmarket.2. One might get the impression that negative economic trendsworldwide, notably, financial upheaval in Argentina, a nearstandstill in the Japanese economy and the below-averageperformances of major Western financial markets, have nobearing on the state of affairs in Russia.3.
The economic news came out today, and listening to it made mewonder if the next economic trend is “grow slow.”4. Thanks in large measure to Milton Friedman and his pupils,one of the most pronounced economic trends of the past 25years has been for the Western welfare state to be dismantled,reintroducing people to the unpredictable monster they thoughtthey had escaped from: risk.5. The problem of inflation is not of recent origin. It arises fromtrends towards socialism that started 40 years ago and reachedtheir logical and terrible climax in the Allende regime.5954.
ULTIMATEULTIMATE – a. основной; окончательный, конечный;максимальныйAccording to economists as Marshall and Pigou, theultimate object of the study of any science is tocontribute to human welfare. → Согласно такимэкономистам как Маршалл и Пигу, конечной цельюисследований в любой науке является повышениеблагосостояния людей.1. The ultimate goal of our actions is to avoid a wide, protractedglobal economic downturn, restore the conditions for growth andensure this crisis cannot be repeated.2.
There are many ways to invest money. The ultimate purpose is tohave a balanced portfolio reflecting your own risk tolerances andgoals.3. Ultimate goals of best investments is return on investment, forearning that return you should know some ways to earn extraincome, ways to invest money.4. This military setback wasn’t the decisive factor in the South’sultimate defeat.
The real turning point came earlier, and it wasfinancial.5. You could say that John Law had become the ultimate insidertrader.6. The seed was planted of an entirely new approach to risk, a seedthat would ultimately sprout into the modern welfare state.7. This state system of insurance was designed to exploit theultimate economies of scale by covering literally every citizenfrom the cradle to the grave.6055. VIRTUALLYVIRTUALLY – adv. практически, фактически; посуществу, на делеWhat I did is so simple, so easy to implement and soeffective that anyone in virtually any financial situationcan do what I did. → То, что сделал я, настолько просто,легко и эффективно, что вы можете сделать то жесамое практически в любой финансовой ситуации.1.
Volatile economic times and financial markets turmoil havesignificantly affected virtually all health care providers.2. Today insuring a house in this part of New Orleans is virtuallyimpossible.3. Over its entire lifetime the Dutch East India Company paid anaverage annual dividend of 16,5%. Virtually all its profits werepaid back to the shareholders.4.
Enron traded, not only in energy, but in virtually all the ancientelements of earth, water, fire and air. It even traded in Internetbandwidth.5. Today virtually all Japan’s health insurance societies are in deficit.And the pension funds are nearly out of money too. Japan’s oncesuper-welfare state is threatening to bankrupt the nation.6. Merton and Scholes estimated their risk of going bust at one inten to the power of 24. In other words, virtually zero.7.
According to one estimate, China’s gross domestic product couldexceed that of the US as early as in 2027. By that time, somecritics of free trade argue that virtually nothing may remain ofAmerican manufacturing industry.61ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 1Лексические закономерности перевода научноготекста c английского языка на русский 11.ТЕРМИНОЛОГИЗАЦИЯ английской лексики при переводе – замена английского слова русским словом, имеющим более узкое терминологическое значение. Терминологизироваться могут различные части речи:• supply of neutrons - генерация нейтронов• free of background – не чувствительный к фону• waves arriving from…- волны, генерируемые в…2.СПЕЦИАЛИЗАЦИЯ английской лексики при переводе (наиболее характерная закономерность) – замена общеупотребительного английского слова русским словом, характерным дляобщенаучного использования:• the power of the approach – достоинство подхода• contributor of unreliability – источник ненадежности• the entire world of structures – вся совокупность структур3.ДЕИНТЕРНАЛИЗАЦИЯ английской общенаучной интернациональной лексики при переводе – замена английских общенаучных интернационализмов, которые часто выступают вроли «ложных друзей переводчика» русскими не интернациональными словами (у параллельных общенаучных интернационализмов часто наблюдаются существенные расхождениясмыслового содержания, т.к.
английские общенаучные интернационализмы практически все многозначны и по сравнению1 См.: Борисова Л.И. Лексические особенности англо-русского научнотехнического перевода, с. 29-44.62с их русскими параллелями обладают большим количествомзначений):• dramatic price declines- значительное сокращение цен• pioneering work – основополагающая, фундаментальнаяработа• revolutionary changes – существенные, радикальные изменения• critical turn – важный, значительный, существенный поворот• new horizons of exploration - новые возможности в исследовании4.УНИФИКАЦИЯ переводимых эквивалентов (вызванная тем,что в определенных контекстах различные слова приобретаютидентичное значение):• use, utilize, exploit, employ, apply, adopt, realize, establish, feature, follow, handle, support, serve, and many others - использовать• provide, allow, ensure, attain, achieve, obtain, generate, give,offer, yield, cause, gain, deliver, guarantee, supply, involve, andmany others – обеспечить• advanced, advantageous, attractive, viable, challenging, ambitious, desirable, exciting, useful, feasible, potential, promising,far-reaching – перспективный5.ЭКСПЛИКАЦИЯ ИМПЛИЦИТНОСТИ значений английских лексических средств (неопределенные, неясные, имплицитныелексические средства английского языка нередко эксплицируются, разъясняются, интерпретируются, т.к.
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