Диссертация (958511), страница 37
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Legal truancy interventions throughChild and Family Services Agency (CFSA)reporting are required after the accumulation of10 or more unexcused absences within a singleschool year for any student aged 5 to 13. Legaltruancy interventions through Family CourtSocial Services Division (FCSSD) reporting arerequired after the accumulation of 15 or moreunexcused absences within a single school yearfor any student aged 14-17.A truant is a child of compulsory school age (517) who is absent with*-out a valid excuse. Evena student who is absent for one day is consideredtruant if there is no valid excuse.A chronic truant is a school-aged child who isabsent from school without a legitimate excusefor 10 or more days within a single school year.The persistent failure to attend compulsoryschooling.
Many secondary schools report this asa growing problem, with pupils who truant nowbeing referred to as school refusers. Schools arerequired by law to report on truancy numbers,and to work with local education welfare officersto address problems of attendance withindividual pupils and their parents or carers. InWhite Paper rhetoric, truancy has beenassociated with subsequent unemployment andeven criminality.
On the whole, school refusersare often among the lowest of achievers,particularly in the key skills of numeracy andcommunication; although the causal relationshipИсточникAttendanceMattersTruancyPreventionGuideAttendanceMattersTruancyPreventionGuideAttendanceMattersTruancyPreventionGuideA Dictionaryof Education200between truancy and low achievement is notclear‐cut, in the sense of whether pupils playtruant because they are low achievers or are lowachievers because they truant. Parents ofpersistent truants can be prosecuted and fined orsentenced to a term of imprisonment.The California Legislature defined a truant invery precise language. In summary, it states thata student missing more than 30 minutes ofinstruction without an excuse three times duringthe school year must be classified as a truant andreported to the proper school authority.
Thisclassification and referral helps emphasize theimportance of school attendance and is intendedto help minimize interference with instruction.Effective January 1, 2013, the law was amendedto authorize school administrators to excuseschool absences due to the pupil‘scircumstances, even if the excuse is not one ofthe valid excuses listed in the CaliforniaEducation Code (EC) or the uniform standardsestablished by the governing board of thedistrict. The EC section that defines a truantreads as follows:TruantCaliforniaChronictruantCaliforniaEC Section 48260 (a) A pupil subject tocompulsory full-time education or to compulsorycontinuation education who is absent fromschool without a valid excuse three full days inone school year or tardy or absent for more thana 30-minute period during the school daywithout a valid excuse on three occasions in oneschool year, or any combination thereof, shall beclassified as a truant and shall be reported to theattendance supervisor or to the superintendent ofthe school district.(b) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), it is theintent of the Legislature that school districts shallnot change the method of attendance accountingprovided for in existing law and shall not berequired to employ period-by-period attendanceaccounting.(c) For purposes of this article, a valid excuseincludes, but is not limited to, the reasons forwhich a pupil shall be excused from schoolpursuant to Sections 48205 and 48225.5 and mayinclude other reasons that are within thediscretion of school administrators and, based onthe facts of the pupil's circumstances, aredeemed to constitute a valid excuse.Effective January 1, 2011, EC Section 48263.6:Any pupil subject to compulsory full-timeTruancy.AttendanceImprovementTruancy.Attendance201education or to compulsory continuationeducation who is absent from school without avalid excuse for ten percent or more of theschool days in one school year, from the date ofenrollment to the current date, is deemed achronic truant, provided that the appropriateschool district officer or employee has compliedwith EC sections 48260, 48260.5, 48261, 48262,48263, and 48291.Code of Virginia 22.1-254ImprovementEvery parent, guardian, or other person in theCommonwealth having control or charge of anychild who will have reached the 5th birthday onor before Septemeber 30 of a school year andwho has not passed the 18th birthday shall,during the period of each year the public schoolsare in session and for the same number of daysand hours per day as the public schools, sendsuch child to a public school or to a private,denominational or parochial school, or have suchchild taught by a tutor or teacher ofqualifications prescribed by the Board ofEducation and approved by the divisionsuperintendent or provide for home instructionof such child as described in 22.1-254.1.Code of Virginia 22.1-258TruancyVirginiaWhenever any pupil fails to report to school for atotal of 5 scheduled school days for the schoolyear and no idication has been received byschool personnel that the pupil‘s parent is awareof and supports the pupil‘s absences and areasonable effort to notify the parent has failed,the school principal or his/her designee shallmake a reasonable effort to ensure that directcontact is made with the parent, either in personor through telephone conversation, by theattendance officer to obtain an explanation forthe pupil‘s absence and to explain to the parentthe consequences of continued nonattendance.The attendance officer, the pupil, and the pupil‘sparent shall jointly develop a plan to resolve thepupil‘s nonattendance.
Such plan shall includedocumentation of the reasons for the pupil‘snonattendance.If the pupil is absent anadditional day after direct contact with thepupil‘s parent and the attendance officer hasreceived no indication that the pupil‘s parent isaware of and supports the pupil‘s absence, theattendance officer shall schedule a conferenceVirginiaCompulsorySchoolAttendanceLaws202within 10 school days with the pupil, his parent,and school personnel, which conference mayinclude other community service providers toresolve issues related to the pupil‘snonattendance. The conference shall be held nolater than fifteen school days after the sixthabsence. Upon the next absence by such pupilwithout indication to the attendance officer thatthe pupil‘s parent is aware of and supports thepupil‘s absence, the school principal or his/herdesignee shall notify the attendance officer whoshall enforce the provisions of the Code ofVirginia, either one or both of the following:*Filing a complaint with the Juvenile andDomestic Relations Court alleging the pupil is aChild in Need of Supervision (CHINS)up asdefined in the Code of Virginia 16.1-228 ORTruantGeorgiaTruantColoradoTruantIllinoisChronicorhabitualtruantIllinoisChronictruantHabitualtruancyOhioOhio*Instituting proceedings against the parentspursuant to the Code of Virginia 18.2-371 or22.1 -262.Truant – any child subject to compulsoryattendance who during the school calendar yearhas more than five days of unexcused absences.Colorado law classifies a child as a habitualtruant after four unexcused absences in a monthor ten unexcused absences in a year.A "truant" is defined as a child subject tocompulsory school attendance and who is absentwithout valid cause from such attendance for aschool day or portion thereof."Chronic or habitual truant" shall be defined asa child who is subject to compulsory schoolattendance and who is absent without valid causefrom such attendance for 5% or more of theprevious 180 regular attendance days."Chronic truant" means any child of compulsoryschool age who is absent without legitimateexcuse for absence from the public school thechild is supposed to attend for seven or moreconsecutive school days, ten or more school daysin one school month, or fifteen or more schooldays in a school year.Habitual truancy is defined as when a studentmisses: More than 5 consecutive school days 7 or more school days in a month 12 or more school days in a yearStudentAttendanceGuidenessColorado StateBoard ofEducationRulesIllinoisCompiledStatutesIllinoisCompiledStatutesDelinquentchildren juvenile trafficoffenderdefinitionsDelinquentchildren juvenile trafficoffenderdefinitions203ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ ГТермины с культурным компонентом значения, входящие втерминосистемы школьного образования Великобритании1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.33.34.11+A-Level courseA-Level examinationA-Level subjectability groupingacademic boardacademic rigouracademyaccessaccess courseadditional inspectorAdvanced Extension AwardAdvanced Higher (Certificate ofSixth Year Studies)Advanced Leveladvanced skills teacheradvisoradvisory teachersagreed syllabusagreement trialannual parents‘ meetingannual report to parentsarticled teachersAssessment of Performance Unitassistant chief inspectorassistant directorassistant headteacherassistant principalassistant principal teacherassistant teacherassociate assessorattendance and absenceawardingbandbaseline assessment35.36.37.38.39.40.41.42.43.44.45.46.47.48.49.50.51.52.53.54.55.56.57.58.59.60.61.62.63.64.65.66.67.68.69.beacon schoolsbeginning teacherbilateral schoolbipartite systemBlack Papersblue coat schoolboard of examinersboard of governorsbreakbright pupilsbulgebursarcanoncareers counsellorcatchment areacatholic maintained schoolcentral schoolcentrechair of governorscharity schoolchief education officerchief executivechief inspectorchild in needchildren‘s centrecity academyclassclass teacherclassroom assistantclassroom teachercoachingcode of practicecomment cardcommunity schoolcommunity special school20470.
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