Английский язык. Агабек (855602), страница 27
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За*. B3Z225Приложение 1Английский языкRepublican Party, their symbol is an elephant. The president is elected for a 4-year term and not more than twotimes.The Congress has two houses; the Senate and the Houseof Representatives. The Supreme Court is the highestcourt in the country.Wordsborders — границы separate — отдельныеc l i m a t e c o n d i t i o n s — климатические условияparliamentary republic — парламентская республикаb r a n c h e s — ветвиdonkey — оселterm — срокH o u s e of R e p r e s e n t a t i v e s — палата представителейS u p r e m e Court — Верховный судQuestiqns1. What is the size of the United States?2. What is the smallest state in the United States?3.
What is the largest state in US?4. What are the biggest cities of the Unites States?5. What are the three branches of the US government?6. What is the political system of the United States?WASHINGTON, D . CWashington, t h e capital of the U n i t e d S t a t e s is situated on the Potomac River in the District of Columbia.The district is a piece of land which does not belong toany one state but to all the S t a t e s . The district is namedin honour of Christopher Columbus, the discoverer ofAmerica. It is very i n t e r e s t i n g that Americans neversay simply «Washington*.
They always add «D.C.» asthe indication of the location. It is important becausethere .are many towns with t h e same name all over thecountry and even one large state in far north-west.W a s h i n g t o n was founded in 1791 as the capital of theU n i t e d States of America. W a s h i n g t o n is quite a newcity. The population of the c i t y is nearly one millionpeople.
It is not a very large city, but it is very importantas the capital of the USA. There is a law in W a s h i n g t o nagainst building structures higher than the Capitol.W a s h i n g t o n has many historical places. The largestand tallest is the Capitol, where the Congress meets. Itis a very beautiful building w i t h white marble columns.N o t far from the Capitol is the Library of Congress.
Itholds five million books.The W h i t e House, the residence of the president isthe oldest public structure in the capital and one of themost beautiful. It was built in 1 7 9 9 . It is a t w o storiedw h i t e b u i l d i n g . N o t far f r o m t h e C a p i t o l i s t h eW a s h i n g t o n Monument, w h i c h looks like a, v e r y big2268"227Приложение IАнглийский языкpencil. I t r i s e s 1 6 0 m e t r e s and i t i s e m p t y i n s i d e .A special lift brings visitors to the top in 70 seconds,from where they can enjoy the view of the city.The Jefferson Memorial was built in memory of thethird President of the U S A Thomas Jefferson, who wasalso t h e author of the Declaration of Independence.
TheMemorial is surrounded by cherry trees.The Lincoln Memorial is devoted to the memory ofthe sixteenth President of the USA, the author of theEmancipation Proclamation, which gave freedom to Negroslaves in America.WordsDistrict of Columbia — округ Колумбияpiece of l a n d — участок землиnearly — около, приблизительноmarble — мраморныеt w o storied — двухэтажныйD e c l a r a t i o n of I n d e p e n d e n c e — декларация независимостиQuestions1.
When was Washington, D.C. founded?2. Where is Washington situated?3. What state does the District of Columbia belong to?4. What are the most important places of interest inWashington?5. What is the nickname of the Washington memorial?6. W h a t is t h e design of the Lincoln memorial?7. What is the population of Washington?8. Are there any specific laws about building of thestructures in Washington, D .
C ?228NEW YORKN e w York, one of the largest cities in the world, wasfounded three hundred years ago in the mouth of theHudson River.The centre of New York is Manhattan Island. In 1 6 2 6it was bought from the Indians for a sum of twenty-fourdollars. Today Manhattan is the centre of business andcommercial life of the country. There are many skyscrapers, banks and offices of American businessmen in Manh a t t a n . Broadway b e g i n s here, t h e Stock Exchange islocated here.
Very few people live in Manhattan, althoughthe majority work here. Numerous bridges link Manhattan Island with t h e other parts of N e w York.New York is inhabited by people of almost all nationalities. It is even called •Modern Babylon*. At the turnof the 20-th century a lot of people came to t h e U S Afrom different countries of the world. They entered theU S A through New York — the Gateway of America.N e w York is one of the leading manufacturing citiesin the world.
The most important branches of industryare t h o s e , producing paper products, v e h i c l e s , g l a s s ,chemicals, machinery. The city traffic is very busy.Wordsm o u t h — устьеS t o c k E x c h a n g e — Нью-Йоркская фондовая биржаmajority — большинство229Приложение 1Английский языкn u m e r o u s — многочисленныйto link — соединятьto i n h a b i t — населятьBabylon — ВавилонTHE PROTECTION OF NATUREvehicles — средства передвижения (автомобили и т. п.)g a t e w a y — воротаs k y s c r a p e r s — небоскребыb r a n c h e s of industry — отрасли промышленностиc i t y traffic — городской транспортQuestions1. When was New York founded?2. What was the price of Manhattan Island in 1626?3. What is Manhattan today?4.
Do many people live in Manhattan?5. What is Broadway famous for?6. Why is New York called « Modern Babylon*?7. What are the most important branches of industryin New York?Since aneient t i m e s Nature was t h e source of people'slife. For t h o u s a n d s of years people lived in harmonywith environment and they thought that natural richeswere unlimited. The development of civilisation increasedman's harmful interference in nature.Large cities w i t h thousands of smoky industrial enterprises pollute t h e air we breathe and the water wedrink. Every year world industry pollutes the atmospherew i t h about 1 0 0 0 million tons of dust and other harmfulsubstances.
Many cities suffer from smog. Beautiful oldforests disappear forever. Their disappearance upsets theo x y g e n balance. As a result some rare species of animals,birds, fish and plants disappear forever, a number oflakes and rivers dry up.The pollution of air and destruction of the ozone layerare the results of man's attitude towards Nature.The protection of the environment is a universal concern. We must be very active to create a serious systemof ecological security.Wordsa n c i e n t — древнийs o u r c e — источникn a t u r a l r i c h e s — природные богатстваto i n c r e a s e — увеличиватьсяh a r m f u l i n t e r f e r e n c e — вредное воздействие230231Английский языкindustrial e n t e r p r i s e s — промышленные предприятияto p o l l u t e — загрязнятьs u b s t a n c e s — веществаsuffer — мучатьсяto u p s e t — зд.
нарушатьПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 2rare — редкийto dry up — высыхатьozone l a y e r — озоновый слойa t t i t u d e — отношениеu n i v e r s a l c o n c e r n — всеобщая заботаQuestions1. What is the main reason of ecological problems?2. What are the main ecological problems?3. W h y should the ecological problems should beuniversal concern?4. What steps are taken to fight ecological problemsAdditional textsfor readingДополнительныетексты для чтенияПриложение 2SHORT STORIESAt t h e S h o pMOTHER: I sent my little boy for two pounds of applesand you sent only a pound and a half.SHOPKEEPER: My scales are all right, madam.
Haveyou weighed your little boy?a shopkeeper — лавочникa pound — фунт (англ. мера веса = 454 г)s c a l e s — весыto w e i g h [wei] — взвешиватьJohnny's GrammarVOICE ON PHONE: Are your father and mother at home?LITTLE JOHNNY: They was, but they isn't now.VOICE: They was, but they isn't? — Where's your grammar!JOHNNY:Sheisouttoo.g r a m m a r ['graemaj — грамматикаg r a n d m a ['gramma:] — бабушкаFirst Time at S c h o o lEmily had been to school for the first time. «Well,darling, what did you learn?» asked her mother.•Nothing*, sighed Emily hopelessly. «Pve got to goback again tomorrow*.234f a i l u r e — неудачаto s i g h — вздыхатьEmily ['emili] — Эмилияh o p e l e s s l y — безнадежноd a r l i n g — дорогой, -аяI've g o t to...
— мне нужноAn Unexpected AnswerTEACHER: What do elephants have that no other animalshave?PUPIL: Little elephants.u n e x p e c t e d — неожиданныйan e l e p h a n t — слонSleeping In SummerThe teacher told the pupils about the bear sleeping inwinter. After explaining it to the children, she said:«Сап anyone tell me of any other animal that sleepsin winter?*A little boy's hand went up, and the teacher said:•Well, Peter, y o u may tell us of one*.«Santa Clause, said Tommy, -eonly he does it in thesummertime*.He Knew ItThe teacher of geography was trying to teach a smallboy the points of the compass.He explained: *On your right is the East, your left isthe W e s t , and in front of you is the North. N o w what isbehind you?*The boy t h o u g h t a moment, and then cried: «I knewit.
I told Mother you would see the patch on my pants*.235Приложение 2Английский языкg e o g r a p h y — географияt h e p o i n t s of t h e c o m p a s s — части света по компасуw o u l d s e e — увидитеa p a t c h — заплатаp a n t s [pasnts] — разг. штаныAn Unusual AnswerThe grocer was busy serving customers but he noticed,a small boy standing near an open box of sweet biscuits.•Well, my boy*, said the grocer, *What are you up to?»« Nothing*.• Nothing? Well, it looks as if you were trying to takea biscuit*.• You are wrong, mister.
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