CCNA 1. Networking Basics v3.1.1 Student Lab Manual (796248), страница 4
Текст из файла (страница 4)
Double check to make sure everything stillworks.If the problem is not resolved restore the changes and return to the plan to try the next solution. Ifthis change is not reversed, it will be unclear whether the problem was a later change or thecombination of two changes.Step 7 Document the resultsAlways document the results to assist in solving similar problems. Documentation also helps todevelop a documentation history for each device.
If part of the devices are going to be replaced itmight be nice to know if any are frequent sources of trouble or if they have recently beenreconditioned.Step 8 Introduce problems and troubleshootWork in teams of two. The desired goal will be to run one of the videos or movies from the on-linecurriculum or the CD. Each team member solving the problem should fill in the table based on thesymptoms observed, problems identified, and solutions to the problem.Team member A, or the instructor:1.
Select two problems from a list of common hardware and software related problems.2. Create the hardware or software related problems with the computer while the other is out of theroom.3. Turn off the computer and monitor.Team member B:1. Identify the problems.2. Correct the problems.Switch places and go through the steps again.Team Member ASymptom observedProblem identifiedSolutionst1 problemnd2 problem2-3CCNA 1: Networking Basics v 3.1 - Lab 1.1.9Copyright 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc.Team Member BSymptom observedProblem identifiedSolutionst1 problemnd2 problemThis concludes the lab.3-3CCNA 1: Networking Basics v 3.1 - Lab 1.1.9Copyright 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc.Lab 1.2.5 Decimal to Binary ConversionObjective•Learn to convert decimal values to binary values.•Practice converting decimal values to binary values.BackgroundKnowing how to convert decimal values to binary values is valuable when converting humanreadable IP addresses in dotted decimal format to machine-readable binary format.
This is normallydone for calculation of subnet masks and other tasks. The following is an example of an IP addressin 32-bit binary form and dotted decimal form.Binary IP Address:Decimal IP Address:11000000.10101000.00101101.01111001192.168.45.121A tool that makes the conversion of decimal values to binary values simple is the following table.
Thefirst row is created by counting right to left from one to eight, for the basic eight bit positions. Thetable will work for any size binary value. The value row starts with one and doubles, Base 2, for eachposition to the left.PositionValue876543211286432168421The same conversion table and simple division can be used to convert binaryvalues to decimal values.128 20712864796481584742321StepsTo convert 207 to binary:1. Start with the digit farthest to the left. Determine if the decimal value can be divided by it. Since itwill go one time, put a 1 in row three of the conversion table under the 128 value and calculatethe remainder, 79.2.
Since the remainder can be divided by the next value, 64, put a 1 in row three under the 64value of the table.3. Since the remainder cannot be divided by either 32 or 16, put 0s in row three of our table underthe 32 and 16 values.1-2CCNA 1: Networking Basics v 3.1 - Lab 1.2.5Copyright 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc.4. Continue until there is no remainder.5. If necessary, use row four to check the work.PositionValue87654321128643216842111001111128648421= 2076. Convert the following decimal values to binary values:a.
123_______________________b. 202_______________________c. 67_______________________d. 7_______________________e. 252_______________________f. 91_______________________g. 116.127.71.3____________ ____________ ____________ ____________h. 255.255.255.0____________ ____________ ____________ ____________i. 192.143.255.255____________ ____________ ____________ ____________j. 12.101.9.16____________ ____________ ____________ ____________This concludes the lab.2-2CCNA 1: Networking Basics v 3.1 - Lab 1.2.5Copyright 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc.Lab 1.2.6 Binary to Decimal ConversionObjective•Learn the process of converting binary values to decimal values.•Practice converting binary values to decimal values.BackgroundThe following is an example of an IP address in 32-bit binary form and dotted decimal form.Binary IP Address:Decimal IP Address:11000000.10101000.00101101.01111001192.168.45.121Binary data is made up of ones and zeros.
Ones represent on and zeros represent off. Binary datacan be grouped in varying increments, 110 or 1011. In TCP/IP binary data is usually grouped in eightdigit groups called a Byte.A Byte, 8 bits, can range from 00000000 to 11111111 creating 256 combinations with decimal valuesranging from 0 to 255. IP addressing uses 4 bytes, or 32 bits, to identify both the network andspecific device. The specific device can be a node or host. The example at the beginning of this labis an example of an IP address in both binary decimal formats.A tool that makes the conversion of binary to decimal values simple is the following table. The firstrow is created by counting right to left from one to eight for the basic eight bit positions. The tale willwork for any size binary value.
The value row starts with one and doubles, base 2, for each positionto the left.PositionValue876543211286432168421Steps1. Enter the binary bits in row three. For example 101110012. Put the decimal values in row four only for the third row 1s. Technically the row two values arebeing multiplied by row three.3. Now just add row four across.PositionValue87654321128643216842110111001321681281-2CCNA 1: Networking Basics v 3.0 - Lab 1.2.61= 185Copyright 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc.4. Convert the following binary values to decimals:a.
1110_______________________b. 100110 _______________________c. 11111111_______________________d. 11010011_______________________e. 01000001_______________________f. 11001110_______________________g. 01110101_______________________h. 10001111_______________________i. 11101001.00011011.10000000.10100100_________________ _________________ _________________ _________________j. 10101010.00110100.11100110.00010111_________________ _________________ _________________ _________________2-2CCNA 1: Networking Basics v 3.0 - Lab 1.2.6Copyright 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc.Lab 1.2.8 Hexadecimal ConversionsObjective•Learn the process to convert hexadecimal values to decimal and binary values.•Learn the process to convert decimal and binary values to hexadecimal values.•Practice converting between decimal, binary and hexadecimal values.Background / PreparationThe Hexadecimal (Hex) number system is used to refer to the binarynumbers in a NIC or IPv6 address.
The word hexadecimal comes from theGreek word for 16. Hexadecimal is often abbreviated "0x", zero and lowercase x. Hex numbers use 16 unique digits to display any combination ofeight binary digits as only two hexadecimal digits.A Byte, or 8 bits, can range from 00000000 to 11111111. A Byte can create256 combinations with decimal values ranging from 0 to 255 or Hex values0 to FF.
Each Hex value represents only four binary bits. The alpha (A-F)values are not case sensitive.A tool that makes the conversion of hexadecimal to decimal values simpleis the following table. Use the same techniques as covered in binary todecimal conversions.
The first row is the two Hex positions. The value rowstarts as 1 and 16, base 16, for each position to the left.PositionValue21161Note: Steps are provided at the end of this lab in the use of the WindowsScientific Calculator to check the work.DecHexBinary00000011000122001033001144010055010166011077011188100099100110A101011B101112C110013D110114E111015F1111Steps for Hex to decimal conversion1. Break the Hex value into pairs. Start at the right side.
For example 77CE becomes 77 and CE.Insert a zero in the first position if necessary to complete the first pair.2. Put each Hex pair in row three. The value in parenthesis is the decimal value of A-F.3. To get the decimal values in row four, multiply the row two values by row three.1-4CCNA 1: Networking Basics v 3.1 - Lab 1.2.8Copyright 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc.4. Now just add row four across.PositionValue2PositionValue11617711272= 1191161C(12)E(14)19214= 206Steps for decimal to Hex conversion1. To be valid for the purpose of this lab, the decimal value will be between 0 and 256.
The firstHex value is derived by dividing the decimal value by 16. If the value is greater than 9 it will needto be put in Hex form A-F.2. The second value is the remainder from step 1. If the value is greater than 9 it will need to be putin Hex form A-F.3. For example, 209 divided by 16 is 13 with a remainder of 1. 13 equals D in Hex. Therefore, 209equals D1.Steps for Hex to binary conversion1.
This is the easiest conversion. Remember that each Hex value converts to four binary bits, sowork right to left.2. For example, to convert 77AE to binary. Start with E. Use the table at the beginning of this lab togo directly to binary. The other alternative is to convert the value to decimal, E = 14, and thenuse the last four positions of the table used in the decimal to binary conversions.14 divided by 8 is 1 with a remainder of 6.6 divided by 4 is 1 with a remainder of 2.2 divided by 2 is 1 with no remainder.Add zeros if necessary to end up with four bits.PositionValue432184211110842= 143. Using the same technique, A becomes 1010 and the total so far is 10101110.PositionValue43218421101082-4CCNA 1: Networking Basics v 3.1 - Lab 1.2.82= 10Copyright 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc.4. Using the same technique, the two 7s each become 0111 and the total is 01110111.10101110.PositionValue432184210111421=7Steps for binary to Hex conversion1.
![](https://s.studizba.com/z.php?f=/templates/si/i/noavatar.png&w=100&h=100&t=1"){kind=avatar}
