01-04-2020-Oxford_English_for_Infomation_Technology (1171844), страница 42
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g. awordprocessor and spreadsheetnoun C [5, 8] acomputer program or set of programsthat are used in a typical office, e. g. awordprocessor spreadsheet anddatabaseadj [12, 19] disconnectedfrom a computer system or the Internetadj [12, 13, 14, 16, 19, 22,23, 24] connected to a computersystem or the Internetnoun U [21] acronymfor object-oriented programmingadj [6] partof a system of software developmentwhere anyone is free to take a copy ofthe source code and extend develop orfix bugs in itnoun C [2, 5, 6, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 25] theset of programs that control the basicfunctions of a computer and providescommunication between theapplication programs and thehardwarenoun U [3] aprocess that enables a computer toscan and recognise printed charactersusing the reflection of lightnoun C[23] a common name for glass fibrecable used in high speed networks. Itenables data signals to be transmittedusing laser light.noun U[19] data storage material that iswritten to or read from using laser lightnoun U [22] a widelyused database management systemnoun C [6] abbreviation foroperating systemnoun U [25] version 10of the Apple Macintosh operatingGLOSSARYsystem.
It is a modular OS and has adesktop with a 3-D appearance. Itincludes support for UNIX-basedapplications as well as older Macapplications./ noun U [6] amultitasking desktop operating systemfor PCs that was marketed by IBM/ nounU [17] a free graphical interface emailprogram integrated into the InternetExplorer browser developed by theMicrosoft Corporation/ noun U [2, 8, 21, 23] theprocessed data or signals that comeout of a computer systemnoun C [23]abbreviation for picoamp. A unit ofcurrent equal to a millionth of amillionth of an amp.noun C[6, 12, 16, 22] an application program orcollection of programs that can beused in different waysnoun C [11, 12, 13] a fixedsize unit of data prepared fortransmission across a network.Messages are normally divided intopackets before transmission.nounU [23] a method of transferring dataacross a network by dividing it intopackets and transferring the packetsindividually from node to node thenputting the packets together againwhen they arrive at the destinationnoun C [21] atype of programming language thatuses tags to define the layout of adocument, e.
g. HTML is a pagedescription language used to designwebpagesnoun C [16, 20] a smallradio receiver which beeps to alert thewearer of messages or telephone calls.It displays the telephone number ofthe caller so the wearer can call back.Some pagers can display very shortmessages.noun U [11] apopular handheld personal organiserproduced by 3ComnounC [7] another name for a handheld IBMcompatible computernoun C[16] a portable computer that is smallenough to be held in the palm of onehand. See handheld computer.noun C [10] a subsection of agraphical user interface windownoun U [17]extra data bits added to the end ofunits of data before transmission andthen checked and added aftertransmission to see if the data hasarrived accuratelynoun U [5, 21] a highlevel structured computer languagenamed after the mathematician BlaisePascal.
It is often used in collegecomputing courses to teachprogramming.noun C[6, 12, 16, 19, 20, 21] a secret code usedto control access to a network systemverb [21] to insert a copy ofdata held in a computer's memory at achosen positionverb [18] to insertprogramming code into a computerprogram to fix or modify it in some waynoun C [18] the partof a virus that carries out the threatsuch as displaying a slogan on thescreennounC [8] a set of computer programs usedfor calculating pay chequesnoun C [1, 2, 5, 6, 17, 19, 21, 23,25] abbreviation for an IBM type ofpersonal computernoun U [6] anoperating system for desktop PCcomputers that is similar to MS-DOSnoun U[2] a type of interface for connectingcredit-sized electronic upgrade cardsto portable computers.
Devised by thePersonal Computer Memory CardInternational Association.noun C [2, 23]abbreviation for personal digitalassistant. A small handheld computerproviding a variety of tools fororganising work, e. g. a calendar, to dolist, diary, address list, calculator, etc.noun C [2, 6] a smallcomputer that has a pen input deviceinstead of a keyboardnoun C [2, 17, 25] afamily of processors produced by theIntel Corporationnoun C [2, 15, 16,23] a piece of equipment that isconnected to the central processingunit of a computer systemnoun C [1, 7, 22, 23, 25] acomputer designed to be used by oneperson at a timenoun C [23] see PDA215noun C [9] thecommon name for a predicted frame inan MPEG compressed filenoun U [23] animage-editing computer programproduced by Adobe Systems Inc.noun C[11] the part of a networkcommunications system that encodesthe packets into the medium that willcarry them and sends the packetsalong that mediumnoun C [23] a set ofvery small low power wireless linksconsuming only picoamps of electricitythat are set up between Bluetoothdevices when they are within10 metres of each othernoun U [18] acomputer crime that involves usinganother person's identification code orusing that person's files before he orshe has logged offnoun C [8] acronym forpersonal information manager.
Acomputer program that provides avariety of tools for organising work,e. g. a calendar, to do list, diary,address list, calculator, etc.noun C [16] an acronym forpersonal identification number. Aunique number used by electronicsystems to indicate who a person is.noun C [14, 22] adistinctive type of computer systemthat needs software to be writtenspecifically for it, e. g. PC, Apple Mac,etc.noun U [8] agames console developed by the SonyCorporationnoun C [7] an arrowshaped cursornoun U[21] a key feature of OOP programmingby which different objects can receivethe same instructions but deal withthem in different waysnoun U [12, 13, 14] acronymfor post office protocolverb [6] to convert for use inanother operating system or computerplatformnounC [2] a device that connects to aportable computer to make it easier toconnect peripheral devicesnoun C [2]a computer that is small and lightenough to be carried from place toplace.
It can usually be powered bybatteries.216GLOSSARYverb [12] to display amessage in a computer newsgroup orbulletin boardnoun U [13] a messageretrieval protocol used by many mailclients to get messages from a server.It only allows you to download allmessages in your mailbox at once andworks in 'pull' mode, i. e. the receivingPC initiating the connection.nounC [9] a type of image frame used inMPEG compression. A predicted frameonly stores the differences in theimage compared to the previousI frame or P frame.noun C [11] the part of anetwork communications system thatensures the message is transmitted ina language that the receiving computercan interpretnoun C [17] the main disk drivein a computer. In a PC this is usually ahard disk known as the C drive.noun C[7, 10] the computer keyboard key thatcopies the current display screenimage to memory or to the printernoun C [22] an electronic boardthat holds and connects thecomponents of an electronic circuitnoun C [1, 2, 5, 6, 17, 21,23] a common output device used forprinting the output of a computer onpapernoun C [18]secret code known only to the ownerthat is used for encrypting anddecrypting messagesnoun C [5] a computerprogramming language that enablesprograms to be written using sectionsof code known as procedures.
Eachprocedure performs a specific task.noun C[2, 7, 11, 17, 23, 25] the part of acomputer that processes the datanoun C[1, 2, 5, 6, 18, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25] a set ofinstructions written in a computerlanguage that control the behaviour ofa computerverb [1, 6, 11, 16,20, 21, 23] to write a set of instructionsfor controlling a computer using acomputer languagenoun C [4,5, 6, 8, 18, 19, 21, 22, 25] a person whowrites computer programsnoun U[5, 21, 22] the processes of writing acomputer program using a computerlanguagenoun C [21] a computerlanguage used for writing computerprogramsnoun C [12, 13, 23]a set of agreed standardsnoun C [21]a way of writing a description of acomputer program using a mixture ofnatural language and computerlanguage codenoun U[19] a condition in which there is nocopyright on a work such as acomputer program allowing it to befreely copied and usednoun C [18] asecret code the owner makes availableto others so that they can encryptmessages they are sending to theownernoun U [18] a method ofcoding messages using public andprivate keys to prevent others fromreading themnoun U [13] atype of communication where thereceiving computer initiates theconnectionnoun C [14] a list of choices thatappear below a menu title on a displayscreen when the user clicks on themenu title using a mousenoun U[13] a communication where thesending computer initiates theconnectionnoun U [3, 15] a systemof using the reflection of radio wavesto detect an object and determine itslocationnoun C[13] one of a set of mutually exclusiveoptions in a dialog box, i.
e. the usercan only select one, causing the othersto be deselectednoun U [2, 17] acronym forredundant array of inexpensive disksnoun C [17] aparticular arrangement of RAID arraydisks. Each RAID level is given anumber with higher numbersindicating more elaborate methods forensuring a computer can recover fromhardware errors. The best known areRAID 0 to RAID 5.noun U [2, 17] acronym forrandom access memorynoun U [2] a fast memory architecturecommonly known as DRDRAM (orRDRAM) that is a possible futuresuccessor to SDRAM. It was originallydeveloped by Rambus Inc.noun U [2] a type ofmemory that can be accessed in anyorder. RAM is the main electronicmemory of a personal computer and isused for storing the programs and databeing used.noun U [24] datathat has not been processednoun C [22]abbreviation for relational databasemanagement system.
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