Анализ, классификация и прогноз свойств гумусовых кислот (1098260), страница 8
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bkihevam_lky ^ey ZgZebaZ ]mfmkh\uodbkehl m`_ k ] [Posner, 1963] L_f g_ f_g__ ^h kbo ihj \_kvfZ keZ[hjZajZ[hlZg bgl_jij_lZpbhgguc ZiiZjZl ^Zggh]h f_lh^Z \ ijbf_g_gbb d]mfmkh\ufdbkehlZfDZdk\b^_l_evkl\mxl^Zggu_lZ[e 1.11]^_ijb\h^ylkyj_amevlZlu bkke_^h\Zgby ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl f_lh^hf wdkdexabhgghcojhfZlh]jZnbb gZb[he__ qZklh bkihevam_fuc ^ey kjZ\g_gby ij_iZjZlh\iZjZf_lj – kh^_j`Zgb_ b FF ij_h[eZ^Zxs_c njZdpbb < lh `_ \j_fy\_ebqbgu oZjZdl_jbamxsb_ kh[kl\_ggh FFJ ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl Mn, Mw,Mz)ijZdlbq_kdbg_bkihevamxlky53LZ[ebpZ 1.11Fhe_dmeyjgu_fZkku]mfmkh\uodbkehljZaebqgh]hijhbkoh`^_gbyhij_^_e_ggu_f_lh^hfwdkdexabhgghcojhfZlh]jZnbbFFij_h[enjZdpbbFFD>Zkh^0.7-105-100.7-5>50<1.50.7-1.50.3-50.3-0.7<0.30.40.58DZeb[j\-\ZEbl_jZlmjgucbklhqgbdNDijbjh^guo\h^I>Ghassemi and Christman, 1968I>Ishiwatari et al., 1980I>Varney et al., 1981I>Giessing, 1973–KbjhldbgZb^j3–KbjhldbgZb^j–<ZjrZe b^j–<ZjrZe b^j–"–"I>DZmjbq_\b^jI>"–"10048684050706031412123JH<\h^guowdkljZdlh\ihq\>100.4g_mdZa17I>I>Khan, 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kbevghc bhgghc wdkdexabb [De Nobili etal., 1989] Wlhl wnn_dl ohjhrh bamq_g ^ey kbgl_lbq_kdbo ihebwe_dljheblh\>ey _]h mkljZg_gby ]_ev-ojhfZlh]jZnbq_kdbc ZgZeba ihebwe_dljheblh\h[uqgh ijh\h^yl \ kj_^_ gbadhfhe_dmeyjgh]h we_dljheblZ >Zgguc ijb_frbjhdhijbf_gy_lkybijbZgZeba_]mfmkh\uodbkehlh^gZdhbkihevah\Zgb_khe_\uo jZkl\hjh\ \ dZq_kl\_ wex_glh\ ijb\h^bl d Z^khj[pbb ]mfmkh\uodbkehl gZ ]_e_ [Posner, 1963; De Nobili et al., 1989] <_ebqbgZ mdZaZggh]hwnn_dlZaZ\bkblhlk\hckl\]_eybZgZebabjm_fuo]mfmkh\uodbkehl<ebygb_ jG ijh[u \\h^bfhc \ dhehgdm gZ j_amevlZlunjZdpbhgbjh\Zgby ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl Z bf_ggh mf_gvr_gb_ h[t_fZwdkdexabb k \hajZklZgb_f jG lZd`_ [ueh hlf_q_gh jy^hf bkke_^h\Zl_e_c[Söchtig, 1972; Sapek, 1973] GZ[ex^Z_fuc wnn_dl h[tykgy_lky k h^ghcklhjhgu baf_g_gb_f khklhygby fhe_dme ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl gZijbf_j boZkkhpbZpb_c \ dbkeuo mkeh\byo Z k ^jm]hc \ur_mihfygmluf \ebygb_fbhgghc kbeu G_h[oh^bfh lZd`_ hlf_lblv qlh ijb g_khhl\_lkl\bb bhgghckbeu \\h^bfhc ijh[u b bkihevam_fh]h wex_glZ \b^ ihemqZ_fhc 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him[ebdh\ZgZ khhl\_lkl\mxsZydjblbq_kdZy klZlvy aZdZaZggZy `mjgZehf Soil Science ^ey ki_p \uimkdZ[Perminova, 1999]ihk\ys_ggh]h^Zgghfm\hijhkm< k\yab k baeh`_gguf gZaj_eZ gZklhyl_evgZy g_h[oh^bfhklv \kbkl_fZlbq_kdhf bkke_^h\Zgbb h]jZgbq_gbc b \hafh`ghkl_c f_lh^Z \ijbf_g_gbb d h[t_dlm h[eZ^Zxs_fm p_euf jy^hf ki_pbnbq_kdbo k\hckl\dhlhju_ fh]ml ijb\h^blv d ihy\e_gbx g_wdkdexabhgguo wnn_dlh\ qlh\uau\Z_l kms_kl\_ggu_ keh`ghklb ijb bgl_jij_lZpbb wdki_jbf_glZevguo^Zgguo571.7 HibkZgb_kljh_gby]mfmkh\uodbkehlbijh[e_fudeZkkbnbdZpbb1.7.1 Bkihevah\Zgb_[ehd-ko_fbkljmdlmjguonhjfme^eyhibkZgbykljh_gby]mfmkh\uodbkehl<iehlvihgZklhys__\j_fyh^gbfbahkgh\guokihkh[h\bkihevah\ZgbybgnhjfZpbbh[we_f_glghfkljmdlmjgh-]jmiih\hfbfhe_dmeyjgh-fZkkh\hfkhklZ\_ ^ey hibkZgby kljh_gby ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl y\ey_lky jZkq_l kj_^gbokljmdlmjguo nhjfme gZ bo hkgh\_ >ey ^_fhgkljZpbb ^hklhbgkl\ bg_^hklZldh\ lZdh]h kihkh[Z ij_^klZ\e_gby kljmdlmjghc bgnhjfZpbb gb`_[m^mljZkkfhlj_guijbf_julZdbonhjfmeJZa\blb_ ij_^klZ\e_gbc h ki_pbnbd_ kljh_gbb i_jbn_jbq_kdhc bg_]b^jhebam_fhcqZkl_cfhe_dme]mfmkh\uodbkehlgZrehk\h_\ujZ`_gb_\hibkZgbb bo kljmdlmju ijb ihfhsb [ehd-ko_f H^gZ ba i_j\uo [ehd-ko_f[ueZ ij_^eh`_gZ Fbkl_jkdb b Eh]bgh\uf \ ] ^ey =D ihq\ Kh]eZkghwlhc ko_f_ fhe_dmeZ =D kh^_j`bl “ y^jh” \ dhlhjh_ \oh^yl ZjhfZlbq_kdb_dhevpZ obghgu dbkehjh^ b Zahlkh^_j`Zsb_ ]_l_jhpbdeu ]b^jhdkbevgu_dZj[hdkbevgu_ b dZj[hgbevgu_ ]jmiiu Y^jh hdjm`_gh i_jbn_jbq_kdbfbZebnZlbq_kdbfb p_iyfb \ lhf qbke_ m]e_\h^gh]h b ihebi_ilb^gh]hoZjZdl_jZ AZ kq_l dhfie_dkhh[jZah\Zgby b khj[pbb qZklbpZ =D kh^_j`bllZd`_ fbg_jZevgu_ dhfihg_glu \ i_j\mx hq_j_^v hdkb^ dj_fgby `_e_ahZexfbgbcdZevpbcbnhknZluK_jv_agufg_^hklZldhfwlhcko_fuy\ey_lkyaZhklj_gb_ \gbfZgby gZ y^j_ fhe_dmeu \ke_^kl\b_ q_]h kljmdlmjZih^\_j]ZeZkvdjblbd_>Hjeh\ 1990, Ephraim et al., 1989].G_kdhevdh [he__ dhjj_dlgh wlhl \hijhk j_rZ_lky \ [ehd-ko_f_ij_^eh`_gghcIZmeb>Pauli, 1967@Kh]eZkgh^Zgghcko_f_\hkgh\_=De_`Zlfbdjhyq_cdb g_kmsb_ nmgdpbhgZevgu_ ]jmiiu b [hdh\u_ fhklbdbFbdjhyq_cdb kh_^bg_gu \ hkgh\gu_ kljmdlmjgu_ _^bgbpu – fhghgudhlhju_\k\hxhq_j_^vh[jZamxlihebghguK gZr_c lhqdb aj_gby ko_fZ kljh_gby kljmdlmjghc yq_cdbij_^eh`_ggZy Hjeh\uf >Hjeh\ @ gZ gZklhysbc fhf_gl fh`_ljZkkfZljb\Zlvky dZd hilbfZevguc \ZjbZgl [ehd-ko_fu (jbk >ZggZykljmdlmjgZy yq_cdZ ij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hc fbgbfZevgmx ih jZaf_jm qZklvfhe_dmeu dhlhjZy kh^_j`bl \k_ \Z`g_crb_ kljmdlmjgu_ njZ]f_gluIh^jh[gh ijb\h^ylky oZjZdl_jgu_ njZ]f_glu g_]b^jhebam_fhc qZklbfhe_dmeu b lbibqgu_ kihkh[u bo kh_^bg_gby Z ]b^jhebam_fZy i_jbn_jby^ZgZ \ \b^_ gZ[hjZ kljmdlmjguo dhfihg_glh\ dhebq_kl\h b oZjZdl_jkhqe_g_gby dhlhjuo \Zjvbjm_lky KhklZ\ b kljh_gb_ kljmdlmjguo yq__d badhlhjuo keh`_gZ \ky fhe_dmeZ fh]ml lZd`_ \Zjvbjh\Zlv Ko_fZ58m^h\e_l\hjbl_evgh h[tykgy_l dhgnhjfZpbhggu_ hkh[_gghklb fhe_dmebgl_gkb\gmxhdjZkdmb^jm]b_k\hckl\Z=DG_]b^jhebam_fZyqZklvHCH HC CNR1H HO CH 2 C CONH=b^jhebam_fZyqZklvCHCHCH 2COHCOHR2(CH 3 )2 CHCH 2 CHNH 2 COOH,(C 6 H 10 O 5 )2 ,CH 2H R3N C HC OOHOHCH(CH 2 )n- (COOH)n , -(OH)n ,-- (NH2OH)n , -- (CH 2 )n--OJbk 1.6.
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