Анализ, классификация и прогноз свойств гумусовых кислот (1098260), страница 6
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5- kmffu kZoZjh\ h[uqghij_^klZ\e_gh mjhgh\ufb dbkehlZfb >Hjeh\ @ Wdki_jbf_glZevgu_^Zggu_ iha\heyxl ij_^iheZ]Zlv qlh fhgh- b ihebkZoZjb^u k\yaZgu kdZjdZkghc qZklvx ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl ihkj_^kl\hf keh`ghwnbjguo fhklbdh\[Clark and Tan, 1969].<uoh^ Zfbghdbkehl ijb ]b^jheba_ ij_iZjZlh\ =D ihq\ h[uqghkhklZ\ey_l - hl bo fZkku ijb wlhf gZb[he__ \ukhdbf kh^_j`Zgb_fZfbghdbkehl oZjZdl_jbamxlky q_jgha_fu Kh^_j`Zgb_ Zfbghdbkehl \ NDihq\ g_kdhevdh gb`_ - >Hjeh\ @ Bo khklZ\ oZjZdl_jbam_lkyihklhygkl\hf gZ[ex^Z_lky aZf_lgh_ ij_h[eZ^Zgb_ ZkiZjZ]bgh\hc b]exlZfbgh\hc Zfbghdbkehl ]ebpbgZ b ZeZgbgZ Ijbf_g_gb_n_jf_glZlb\gh]h]b^jhebaZihdZau\Z_lqlhagZqbl_evgZyqZklvZfbghdbkehlijbkmlkl\m_l \ khklZ\_ i_ilb^guo k\ya_c >Hjeh\ 1990; Aujbg @ Djhf_lh]h bf_xlky ^Zggu_ >Stevenson, 1985; Hjeh\ @ h gZebqbb \ khklZ\_]b^jhebaZlh\]mfbgh\uodbkehln_gheh\^hbND-ih^h[guokh_^bg_gbc(10-15%).KhklZ\g_]b^jhebam_fh]hdZjdZkZ]mfmkh\uodbkehl.
>ey^_kljmdpbb]mfmkh\uo dbkehl qZs_ \k_]h bkihevamxl hdbke_gb_ i_jfZg]ZgZlhf dZebybeb hdkb^hf f_^b \ s_ehqghc kj_^_ >Hjeh\ 1953; Hjeh\ 1990].H[jZamxsb_ky [_gaheihebdZj[hgh\u_ dbkehlu khklZ\eyxl - hl fZkku=ND ihq\ h^gZdh ijb wlhf ke_^m_l hlf_lblv g_dhebq_kl\_gghklv f_lh^Z>Hjeh\ @ I_jbn_jbq_kdZy qZklv =D ihq\ ijZdlbq_kdb g_ kh^_j`blg_hdbkey_fuo i_jfZg]ZgZlhf ZjhfZlbq_kdbo njZ]f_glh\ \ lh \j_fy dZd \kemqZ_NDihq\]b^jhebam_fZyqZklvfh`_lkem`blvbklhqgbdhf-\k_o[_gahedZj[hgh\uodbkehlGZwlhfhkgh\Zgbb\jZ[hl_>Hjeh\ @k^_eZghaZdexq_gb_ qlh \ ND ZjhfZlbq_kdb_ kljmdlmjgu_ _^bgbpu jZkij_^_e_gu[he__ jZ\ghf_jgh q_f \ =D ]^_ hgb ihqlb iheghklvx khkj_^hlhq_gu \g_]b^jhebam_fhfy^j_fhe_dme=eZ\gufbdhfihg_glZfbijh^mdlh\^_kljmdpbby\eyxlkyljb-l_ljZ-bi_glZdZj[hgh\u_dbkehlubg_dhlhju_hdkb[_gahcgu_dbkehlu>=jb]hjv_\ZbDmoZj_gdh 1968; Kumada, 1988@ >Zgguc nZdl g_ mdZau\Z_l gZ ijbkmlkl\b_lZdbo dbkehl \ bkoh^guo fhe_dmeZo gh k\b^_l_evkl\m_l h lhf qlh ^eyZjhfZlbq_kdbo dhe_p ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl gZb[he__ oZjZdl_jgh bf_ggh lZdh_qbkehK-aZf_klbl_e_c\ZjhfZlbq_kdbodhevpZo31Ijbf_g_gb_ ibjheblbq_kdhc fZkk-ki_dljhf_ljbb iha\hey_l ^_lZevghbkke_^h\Zlv ijh^mdlu jZkiZ^Z ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl \ hlkmlkl\b_ hdbkebl_e_cIhdZaZgh >6FKXOWHQ, 1994@ qlh \ j_amevlZl_ ibjhebaZ \ h[jZamxs_cky kf_kbfh`gh b^_glbnbpbjh\Zlv gZjy^m k aZf_s_ggufb ZjhfZlbq_kdbfbkljmdlmjZfbg_dhlhju_dhebq_kl\ZZedZgh\bhe_nbgh\k^ebghcp_ib-ZlZd`_ZedbeaZf_s_ggu_[_gaheu$U-(CH2)n-CH3k^ebghcp_ib^hQ = Wlhfh`_l kem`blv ^hdZaZl_evkl\hf lh]h qlh k\yab f_`^m ZjhfZlbq_kdbfbdhevpZfbij_^klZ\e_gug_lhevdhdhjhldbfbfhklbdZfblbiZ-O-, -NH-, -N=,b -CH2- gh b ijhly`_ggufb ihebf_lbe_gh\ufb p_ihqdZfb -CH2-)n ]^_ Qfh`_l ^hklb]Zlv a\_gv_\ H^gZdh \hijhk h kh^_j`Zgbb lZdbo kljmdlmj \fhe_dmeZo ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl ih k_]h^gyrgbc ^_gv y\ey_lky ij_^f_lhf^bkdmkkbc>%H\HU 1996; Stevenson, 1982].Ihemq_gb_ gh\hc bgnhjfZpbb h khklZ\_ dZjdZkghc b i_jbn_jbq_kdhcqZkl_c ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl k ihfhsvx ^_kljmdlb\guo f_lh^h\ ZgZebaZ –\Z`g_crbcbgkljmf_gl^ey[he__]em[hdh]hihgbfZgbyijbgpbih\kljh_gby]mfmkh\uo dbkehl H^gZdh bkihevah\Zgb_ ^Zgghc bgnhjfZpbb ^eyqbke_ggh]hhibkZgbykljh_gby]mfmkh\uodbkehl\_kvfZijh[e_fZlbqghba-aZljm^ghkl_c kh[ex^_gby fZl_jbZevgh]h [ZeZgkZ ijb ijh\_^_gbb ^_kljmdpbbij_iZjZlh\]mfmkh\uodbkehlKwlboihabpbc]hjZa^h[he__i_jki_dlb\gufij_^klZ\ey_lky bkihevah\Zgb_ g_^_kljmdlb\guo f_lh^h\ kljmdlmjgh]hZgZebaZIjbf_g_gbxkZfh]hfhsgh]hbagbo–ki_dljhkdhibbYFJgZy^jZo1G b 13K – ^ey bkke_^h\Zgby kljh_gby ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl ihk\ys_gke_^mxsbcjZa^_e1.2.4 Bkke_^h\Zgb_kljmdlmjgh-]jmiih\h]hkhklZ\Z]mfmkh\uodbkehlf_lh^Zfbki_dljhkdhibbYFJKi_dljhkdhiby 13KYFJ.
Ljm^ghi_j_hp_gblvjhevki_dljhkdhibb 13KYFJ \ ihemq_gbb bgnhjfZpbb h kljmdlmj_ ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl < -o - 70-o]h^Zo gug_rg_]h klhe_lby ijbgpbiu kljh_gby m]e_jh^gh]h kd_e_lZ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl hklZ\Zebkv ij_^f_lhf h`b\e_gghc ^bkdmkkbb \ dhlhjhcqZklv bkke_^h\Zl_e_c ijb^_j`b\ZeZkv dhgp_ipbb h[ ZebnZlbq_kdhfoZjZdl_j_ kljmdlmju ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl Z ^jm]Zy qZklv jZkkfZljb\ZeZkljmdlmjm]mfmkh\uodbkehldZdbkdexqbl_evghZjhfZlbq_kdmxIhemq_gb_\1976 ] i_j\h]h ki_dljZ 13K YFJ ND ihq\ [Stuermer, 1976] iha\hebeh ^Zlvh^ghagZqguc hl\_l gZ \hijhk h kljh_gbb m]e_jh^gh]h kd_e_lZ wlbokh_^bg_gbc ihdZaZ\ qlh \ g_f \ khihklZ\bfuo dhebq_kl\Zo kh^_j`Zlky dZdZjhfZlbq_kdb_ lZd b ZebnZlbq_kdb_ njZ]f_glu <ihke_^kl\bb wlb ^Zggu_[ueb ih^l\_j`^_gu ^ey ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl jZaebqgh]h ijhbkoh`^_gbyfgh]hqbke_ggufb bkke_^h\Zgbyfb < 13K YFJ ki_dljZo ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl[uebh[gZjm`_gukb]gZeuhlg_k_ggu_djZagufnjZ]f_glZfkljmdlmjuwlbo32\_s_kl\ qlh iha\hebeh kms_kl\_ggh m]em[blv dZq_kl\_ggu_ agZgby hnjZ]f_glghfkhklZ\_]mfmkh\uodbkehl[Ricca, 1993; Skjemstad, 1983].Lbibqguc 13K YFJ ki_dlj ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl ijb\_^_g gZ jbk.
DZd\b^ghbajbkmgdZiheb^bki_jkghklvbobfbq_kdZy]_l_jh]_gghklv]mfmkh\uodbkehlijb\h^bldlhfmqlh 13&YFJki_dljuwlbokh_^bg_gbcg_kh^_j`ZljZaj_r_gguo ibdh\ hlghkbfuo d y^jZf 13K hij_^_e_ggh]h lbiZ Zij_^klZ\eyxl kh[hc kmi_jihabpbx [hevrh]h qbkeZ keZ[h\ujZ`_gguokb]gZeh\.Jbk 1.2. Lbibqguc13KYFJki_dlj=Dihq\< k\yab k wlbf ljZ^bpbhggZy \ ki_dljhkdhibb YFJ aZ^ZqZ hlg_k_gbybg^b\b^mZevguo kb]gZeh\ g_ y\ey_lky ZdlmZevghc \ kemqZ_ ki_dljh\]mfmkh\uo dbkehl [Wershaw, @ H[sbc ih^oh^ d ZgZebam lZdh]h jh^Zki_dljh\ij_^mkfZljb\Z_l\u^_e_gb_\gbo]jmiikb]gZeh\bebki_dljZevguoh[eZkl_c khhl\_lkl\mxsbo ZlhfZf m]e_jh^Z kh koh^guf obfbq_kdbfhdjm`_gb_fbhij_^_e_gb_kjZ\gbl_evghcbgl_gkb\ghklbwlboh[eZkl_cDZd\b^gh ba jbk 1.2 \ lbibqghf 13K YFJ ki_dlj_ ]mfmkh\uo dbkehlgZ[ex^Z_lky ebrv h^bg hlq_leb\uc fbgbfmf k gme_\hc bgl_gkb\ghklvxkb]gZeZ ijb f^ \ hklZevguo kemqZyo g_\hafh`gh ijh\_klb lhqgh_jZa^_e_gb_ jZaebqguo ]jmii kb]gZeh\ ba-aZ bo qZklbqgh]h i_j_dju\Zgby<u[hj jZa[b_gby ki_dljh\ ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl gZ ]jmiiu kb]gZeh\ij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hc g_h^ghagZqgmx aZ^Zqm >ey \u[hjZ ]jZgbp jZa[b_gbyZgZebabjmxliheh`_gb_ehdZevguofbgbfmfh\\ki_dljZo]mfmkh\uodbkehl33b ijb\e_dZxl lZ[ebqgu_ ^Zggu_ ih obfbq_kdbf k^\b]Zf y^_j 13& \hj]Zgbq_kdbo kh_^bg_gbyo \ khq_lZgbb k bf_xs_cky bgnhjfZpb_c h[hkgh\guo kljmdlmjguo we_f_glZo ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl [Wilson, ZWilson, 1990].GZb[he__ jZkijhkljZg_gguf y\ey_lky \u^_e_gb_ \ 13K YFJ ki_dlj_]mfmkh\uodbkehliylbgZb[he__m^h\e_l\hjbl_evghjZa^_e_gguo^bZiZahgh\obfbq_kdbo k^\b]h\ khhl\_lkl\mxsbo g_aZf_s_gguf b H-aZf_s_ggufZebnZlbq_kdbf ZjhfZlbq_kdbf dZj[hdkbevguf b dZj[hgbevguf ZlhfZfm]e_jh^ZlZ[e 1.5).LZ[ebpZ 1.5Hkgh\gu_^bZiZahgukb]gZeh\\ki_dlj_]mfmkh\uodbkehl[Sotak, 1983]LbiZlhfh\m]e_jh^ZK-bG-aZf_s_ggu_ZebnZlbq_kdb_Zlhfum]e_jh^ZH[hagZq_gb_ >bZiZahgkb]gZeh\f^CAlk0-50CAlk-H50-110:jhfZlbq_kdb_Zlhfum]e_jh^ZCAr110-165:lhfum]e_jh^ZdZj[hdkbevguo]jmiibboijhba\h^guoC&2HG165-180:lhfum]e_jh^ZdZj[hgbevguo]jmiiCC=O180-220H-aZf_s_ggu_ZebnZlbq_kdb_Zlhfum]e_jh^Z< aZ\bkbfhklb hl p_eb bkke_^h\Zgby b `_eZ_fhc ^_lZebaZpbbihemqZ_fhc bgnhjfZpbb i_j_qbke_ggu_ \ lZ[e 1.5 hkgh\gu_ ki_dljZevgu_^bZiZahgu qZklh ih^jZa^_eyxl gZ [he__ madb_ lZ[e 1.6 Ijb wlhf^_lZebaZpby ki_dljZevghc bgnhjfZpbb khijh\h`^Z_lky kgb`_gb_f^hklh\_jghklb dhebq_kl\_gguo oZjZdl_jbklbd hij_^_ey_fh]h khklZ\Z[Skjemstad, 1983; Wilson, 1987] Wlh h[mkeZ\eb\Z_l ijh[e_fm hilbfbaZpbb\u[hjZ khhlghr_gby bgnhjfZlb\ghklb b ^hklh\_jghklb ijb h[jZ[hld_ 13CYFJ ki_dljh\ ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl dhlhjZy \ gZklhys__ \j_fy j_rZ_lkydZ`^ufbkke_^h\Zl_e_fkm]m[hbg^b\b^mZevgh34LZ[ebpZ 1.6<u^_e_gb_madbo^bZiZahgh\kb]gZeh\\ki_dljZo &YFJ]mfmkh\uodbkehl[Ricca, 1993]13>bZiZahgf^10-2515-5025-5029-3335-5041-4251-6157-6565-8590-110118-122120-140140-162162-190190-220Hlg_k_gb_kb]gZeh\Dhgp_\u_f_lbevgu_]jmiiuZedbevguop_i_cF_lbe_gh\u_]jmiiuZedbevguop_i_cF_lbgh\u_]jmiiuZedbevguop_i_cM]e_jh^f_lbe_gh\uo]jmii \β-bγ-iheh`_gbbdKHHG]jmii_M]e_jh^f_lbe_gh\uo]jmiijZa\_l\e_gguoZedbevguop_i_cF_lbe_gh\u_]jmiiu\α-iheh`_gbbdKHHG-]jmii_M]e_jh^f_lhdkbevguobwlhdkbevguo]jmiiM]e_jh^KG2-HG]jmiiM]e_jh^KGHG]jmiim]e_jh^ihebkZoZjb^guodhe_pf_lbgh\ucm]e_jh^ijhkluobkeh`guownbjh\Zp_lZevgucm]e_jh^M]e_jh^ZjhfZlbq_kdbodhe_p\hjlh-iheh`_gbbdHaZf_klbl_exG_aZf_s_ggucbebZedbe-aZf_s_ggucm]e_jh^ZjhfZlbq_kdbodhe_pH-bN-aZf_s_ggucm]e_jh^ZjhfZlbq_kdbodhe_pM]e_jh^dZj[hdkbevguo]jmiikeh`guownbjh\bZfb^h\M]e_jh^d_lhgguobZev^_]b^guo]jmii<Z`gh hlf_lblv ijbgpbibZevgmx g_kljh]hklvdhebq_kl\_ggh]hZgZebaZki_dljZ ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl ijb jZa[b_gbb gZ ^bZiZahgu \ k\yab kg_\hafh`ghklvx dhebq_kl\_ggh]h mq_lZ i_j_dju\Zgby ]jmii kb]gZeh\ <kemqZ_ gbadhfhe_dmeyjguo kh_^bg_gbc ^ey jZa^_e_gby gZ[hjZi_j_dju\Zxsbokykb]gZeh\bkihevamxlZiijhdkbfZpbxibdh\ehj_gp_\ufbdjb\ufb [Sotak, 1983] >ey ki_dljh\ ihebf_jh\ hibkZgu ih^oh^u d lZdhfmjZa^_e_gbx hkgh\Zggu_ gZ ZiijhdkbfZpbb ]Zmkkh\ufb djb\ufb[FboZce_gdh 1987] H^gZdh \ k\yab k l_f qlh \ ki_dljZo ]mfmkh\uo dbkehlnhjfZ ibdh\ \ h[s_f kemqZ_ g_ y\ey_lky gb ehj_gp_\hc gb ]Zmkkh\hc Z \jy^_ kemqZ_\ g_\hafh`gh hij_^_eblv b iheh`_gb_ ibdh\ ijb ^_lZevghfjZa[b_gbbijbf_g_gb_lZdh]hih^oh^Zg_iha\hey_lihemqblvkms_kl\_ggh]hih\ur_gbylhqghklbbgZ^_`ghklbdhebq_kl\_ggh]hZgZebaZki_dljh\Ke_^m_l hlf_lblv qlh hlg_k_gb_ g_dhlhjuo ]jmii kb]gZeh\ ^h kbo ihjy\ey_lky ij_^f_lhf ^bkdmkkbb LZd ]jmiim kb]gZeh\ \ h[eZklb - f^35^ebl_evgh_\j_fyhlghkbebdg_aZf_s_ggufZjhfZlbq_kdbfZlhfZfK\hjlhiheh`_gbb d ]b^jhdkbevghc ]jmii_ H^gZdh \ ihke_^gb_ ]h^u ij_h[eZ^Z_lfg_gb_ qlh [hevrZy qZklv wlbo kb]gZeh\ h[mkeh\e_gZ ZlhfZfb m]e_jh^ZZp_lZevgh]h lbiZ \ ihebkZoZjb^guo pbdeZo i_jbn_jbb ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl <h[eZklb - f^ g_dhlhju_ bkke_^h\Zl_eb \u^_eyxl ]jmiim kb]gZeh\ 1aZf_s_ggh]h m]e_jh^Z f_lbe_gh\uo ]jmii h^gZdh hl^_eblv wlb kb]gZeu hlgZoh^ysboky \ wlhc `_ h[eZklb gZoh^blky kb]gZeh\ f_lhdkbevguo bg_aZf_s_gguoKG-]jmiiij_^klZ\ey_lkyg_\hafh`gufObfbq_kdb_k^\b]b[hevrbgkl\Zkb]gZeh\y^_j13&g_aZ\bkylhl\u[hjZmkeh\bcj_]bkljZpbbki_dljZbjZkl\hjbl_eyH^gZdhkb]gZeudZj[hdkbevguo]jmii b Zlhfh\ ZjhfZlbq_kdh]h m]e_jh^Z aZf_s_ggh]h HG-]jmiihc ijbi_j_oh^_ hl hj]Zgbq_kdbo Zijhlhgguo jZkl\hjbl_e_c d \h^_ b jZkl\hjZfs_ehq_c kf_sZxlky \ keZ[h_ ihe_ \ k\yab k bhgbaZpb_c khhl\_lkl\mxsbo]jmiiIh^Zgguf[Preston, 1987]obfbq_kdb_k^\b]by^_j 13KKHHG]jmiibAr-OHnjZ]f_glh\\ki_dljZo]mfmkh\uodbkehl\>FKHbNaOD/D2Ofh]mljZaebqZlvkygZ\_ebqbgm^hf^1.3 Kljmdlmjgh-]jmiih\hckhklZ\]mfmkh\uodbkehljZaebqgh]hijhbkoh`^_gbyih^Zgguf13KYFJGZ ijhly`_gbb ^\mo ^_kylbe_lbc hkgh\ghc h[eZklvx ijbf_g_gbyki_dljhkdhibb 13K YFJ ^ey ZgZebaZ ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl hklZ_lkydhebq_kl\_ggZy oZjZdl_jbklbdZ hlghkbl_evgh]h kh^_j`Zgby m]e_jh^Z \khklZ\_jZaebqguokljmdlmjguonjZ]f_glh\fhe_dme]mfmkh\uodbkehl:gZeba ^Zgguo 13K YFJ ^Z_l \hafh`ghklv mklZgh\blv jZaebqby \kljmdlmj_=DbNDjZaebqguoijbjh^guobklhqgbdh\LZdkh]eZkgh^Zggufbkke_^h\Zgby [Krosshavn, 1990] =D ^_jgh\h-ih^ahebkluo b k_juo e_kguoihq\ kh^_j`Zl ijbf_jgh \ ^\Z jZaZ [hevr_ ZjhfZlbq_kdbo njZ]f_glh\ ihkjZ\g_gbx k ND :gZeh]bqgu_ ^Zggu_ ihemq_gu \ jZ[hl_ [Preston, 1985] <jZ[hlZo[Shin, 1996; FboZce_gdh 1987; Cook, 1998; Preston, 1987; Ricca, 1993;Conte, 1997]ihfbfhwlh]hhlf_qZ_lkyqlhNDihq\oZjZdl_jbamxlky\p_ehf[he__ \ukhdbf gZ - Z[k kh^_j`Zgb_f KHHG ]jmii \ lh \j_fy dZdkh^_j`Zgb_ZebnZlbq_kdbonjZ]f_glh\\gbog_kdhevdhgb`_ihkjZ\g_gbxk=D>ey=DbNDq_jgha_fh\gZ[ex^Zxlkykoh^gu_aZdhghf_jghklb[Wilson,1987] Kh]eZkgh [hevr_c qZklb him[ebdh\Zgguo ^Zgguo kh^_j`Zgb_dZj[h]b^jZlguokljmdlmj\NDihq\ij_\urZ_llZdh\h_^ey=D\-jZaZh^gZdh \ jy^_ jZ[hl [Shin, 1996; Cook, 1998; Ricca, 1993; Conte, 1997]ijb\h^ylky j_amevlZlu bkke_^h\Zgby ]h\hjysb_ h lhf qlh kh^_j`Zgb_dZj[h]b^jZlh\\=DbNDihq\ijZdlbq_kdbb^_glbqghH^gZba\hafh`guoijbqbgijhlb\hj_qb\hklbijb\h^bfuo^Zgguo[ueZihdZaZgZ \ jZ[hl_ [Malcolm, 1990] :\lhjhf [ueh ijh\_^_gh bkke_^h\Zgb_36kljmdlmju ND ihq\ \u^_e_gguo ih ^\mf jZaebqguf h[s_mihlj_[bl_evguff_lh^bdZf i_j\Zy ba dhlhjuo \dexqZeZ \u^_e_gb_ \ dZq_kl\_ njZdpbb NDqZklb s_ehqgh]h wdkljZdlZ ihq\ hklZxs_cky ijb hkZ`^_gbb =D \ dbkehfjZkl\hj_ Z \lhjZy \dexqZeZ klZ^bx khj[pbb gZ Zf[_jebl_ XAD- ;uehihdZaZghqlh\NDihq\\u^_e_gguogZXAD-kh^_j`Zgb_dZj[h]b^jZlguokljmdlmj kgb`Z_lky \ - jZaZ :\lhjhf k^_eZg \u\h^ h g_h[oh^bfhklbklZ^bb khj[pbb gZ Zf[_jebl_ ijb \u^_e_gbb ND ^ey hqbkldb hlihebkZoZjb^guoijbf_k_cDhk\_gguf ih^l\_j`^_gb_f lZdh]h \u\h^Z y\eyxlky j_amevlZlukjZ\gbl_evgh]hbkke_^h\Zgbykljmdlmju=DbNDijbjh^guo\h^\u^_e_gb_dhlhjuo\h[hbokemqZyo\dexqZ_lkhj[pbxgZXAD-Ih^Zgguf[Malcolm,1990; Humic substances in the Suwannee river, 1994;FboZce_gdh 1987; Knulst,1998] kh^_j`Zgb_ dZj[h]b^jZlguo kljmdlmj \ ND ijbjh^guo \h^ gZoh^blkygZ mjh\g_ lZdh\h]h \ =D beb g_kdhevdh gb`_ < lh `_ \j_fy ijhqb_aZdhghf_jghklbh[gZjm`_ggu_^ey=DbNDihq\khojZgyxlky^ey=DbNDijbjh^guo \h^ LZd kh^_j`Zgb_ KHHG ]jmii \ ND ijbjh^guo \h^ \ur_q_f \ =D Z kh^_j`Zgb_ ZjhfZlbq_kdbo njZ]f_glh\ – gb`_ Kh]eZkgh[Malcolm, 1990; Humic substances in the Suwannee river, 1994], ND kh^_j`Zl[hevr_ Zedbevguo njZ]f_glh\ h^gZdh ^Zggu_ [FboZce_gdh 1987;Knulst, 1998]gZoh^ylky\ijhlb\hj_qbbkwlbf\u\h^hf< jy^_ jZ[hl [ueh \uiheg_gh khihklZ\e_gb_ njZ]f_glgh]h khklZ\Z]mfmkh\uo dbkehl jZaebqgh]h ijhbkoh`^_gby LZd gZ hkgh\ZgbbkhihklZ\e_gbyj_amevlZlh\ 13KYFJbkke_^h\Zgbykljmdlmjuij_iZjZlh\ND^_jgh\h-ih^ahebkluo ihq\ b ijbjh^guo \h^ [Malcolm, 1990] ihdZaZe qlhihke_^gb_ oZjZdl_jbamxlky [he__ \ukhdbf kh^_j`Zgb_f ZebnZlbq_kdbonjZ]f_glh\ \ lh \j_fy dZd njZ]f_glguc khklZ\ =D wlbo ijbjh^guo kj_^^h\hevgh[ebahdKoh^gu_^Zggu_[uebihemq_gu\jZ[hl_[Shin, 1996].[Wilson, 1983; Wershaw, 1981] ijh\h^beb khihklZ\e_gb_ ]mfmkh\uodbkehl lhjnZ b ^_jgh\h-ih^ahebkluo ihq\ Ih ij_^klZ\e_gguf bfb ^Zgguf]mfmkh\u_ dbkehlu lhjnZ oZjZdl_jbamxlky [he__ \ukhdbf kh^_j`Zgb_fZjhfZlbq_kdbo b dZj[h]b^jZlguo njZ]f_glh\ g_`_eb ]mfmkh\u_ dbkehluihq\ Z kh^_j`Zgb_ dZj[hdkbevguo b Zedbevguo ]jmii \ kemqZ_ ]mfmkh\uodbkehllhjnZg_kdhevdhgb`_KjZ\gbl_evgu_ bkke_^h\Zgby kljmdlmju =D [mjuo m]e_c ND b =D^_jgh\h-ih^ahebkluo ihq\ \uiheg_ggh_ [Choudhry, 1989; Shin, 1996],ihdZaZeh qlh kh^_j`Zgb_ KHHG ]jmii \ =D m]ey gb`_ q_f \ ND ihq\h^gZdh \ur_ g_`_eb \ =D ihq\ Ih kjZ\g_gbx k =ND ihq\ =D m]eyoZjZdl_jbamxlky agZqbl_evgh [he__ \ukhdhc ZjhfZlbqghklvx b hq_gvgbadbfkh^_j`Zgb_fdZj[h]b^jZlguokljmdlmj37<jZ[hl_>)UXQG 1994][uehihdZaZghkms_kl\h\Zgb_agZqbfhch[jZlghcdhjj_eypbbf_`^mkh^_j`Zgb_fZjhfZlbq_kdbobdZj[h]b^jZlguokljmdlmj\fhe_dmeZo]mfmkh\uodbkehlihq\< lh `_ \j_fy g_kfhljy gZ ijhke_`_ggu_ \h fgh]bo jZ[hlZoaZdhghf_jghklb khihklZ\e_gb_ ^Zgguo ihemq_gguo jZaebqgufb Z\lhjZfbijZdlbq_kdb g_\hafh`gh :gZeba ebl_jlmjguo ^Zgguo ihdZaZe hq_gvrbjhdbc^bZiZahgbaf_g_gbynjZ]f_glgh]hkhklZ\Zhij_^_ey_fh]hf_lh^hf13K YFJ \ jZaebqguo jZ[hlZo qlh _^\Z eb fh`_l [ulv h[tykg_gh lhevdhkljmdlmjgufb jZaebqbyfb ij_iZjZlh\ Ih-\b^bfhfm j_amevlZlu jZaebqguobkke_^h\Zgbc kms_kl\_ggh jZkoh^ylky ba-aZ g_^hklh\_jghklb ihemqZ_fuodhebq_kl\_gguo ^Zgguo Ih^l\_j`^_gb_f wlhfm l_abkm fh`_l kem`blvkhihklZ\e_gb_ ijb\h^bfuo \ jZaguo jZ[hlZo j_amevlZlh\ bkke_^h\Zgbykljmdlmju dhff_jq_kdh]h ij_iZjZlZ =D [mjh]h m]ey ijhba\h^kl\Z nbjfuAldrichbNDj_dbKm\Zgg__lZ[e 1.7).LZ[ebpZ 1.7NjZ]f_glguckhklZ\=D“ Aldrich” bNDjKm\Zgg__ih^Zgguf13KYFJKHKHHGArAlk-OAlkBklhqgbdNDjKm\Zgg__661819332821202127722271331Shin, 1996Humic substances in theSuwannee river, 1994Preston, 19874912481744Choudhry, 1989Shin, 1996Malcolm, 1986=D³$OGULFK”169159395926DZd \b^gh ba lZ[e.
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