Учебник по Английскому (И. В. Орловская, Л. С. Самсонова, А. И. Скубриева - Учебник английского языка), страница 14

2. Ученый сооб­щил, что он написал статью о своей работе. 3. Меня спроси­ли, сделал ли я свою работу. 4. Она хотела знать, будет ли онлетом в Москве. 5. Мы спросили преподавателя, сколько но­вых слов в четвертом уроке. 6. Мы не знали, будет ли у негопрактика летом. 7. Он сказал, что знает два иностранных язы­ка. 8. Он знал, что ее брат живет в Самаре.Упражнение 6. Определите, чем выражено дополнение в предложениях,переведите.1.

The students of our group saw a new film yesterday. Theysaid it was very interesting. 2. The dean's assistant told us to do allour work in time. 3. Our laboratory has been equipped with moderndevices. 4. The students were informed at the meeting that theywould have their practical training in St. Petersburg. 5. We askedthe dean if he was busy.

6. The new student asked when our lec­tures would begin. 7. He also asked to show him where the chem­istry laboratory was. 8. He wanted to know whether we had alreadyhad our industrial training. 9. I did not know then if I should seehim again.

10. We didn't know whether it would be possible to use acomputer for our work.64Упражнение 7. Обратите внимание на перевод предлога by в предложе­ниях.1. By 3 o'clock I shall be free and go with you to the library.2. By the end of the second year we shall have finished studying themain engineering subjects. 3.

By the beginning of the lecture thelaboratory assistant had brought all the necessary diagrams. 4. By theyear 2010 cable television will have been used more widely. 5. By thespring of 1945 World War II was over.Упражнение 8. Найдите русские эквиваленты для словосочетаний.it is true; compared to; to be of importance; a lot of; to be inte­rested in; like; a step forward; at the right time; direct to; to putinto memory.интересоваться; иметь значение; по сравнению с; ввести впамять; шаг вперед; как, подобно; верно (правильно); в нуж­ное время; много; непосредственно на.СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЕУпражнение 8.

А. Переведите следующие производные слова согласнообразцу:существительное или глагол + -ibleZ-able = прилагательноеaccess — доступ -> accessible — доступныйto rely — доверять -^ reliable — надежный,practice — осуществление (на практике) -> practicable —осуществимыйto use — usable, to consider — considerable, to avail — available;префикс dis- (имеет отрицательное значение)to appear — появляться ~-> to disappear ~ исчезатьto like — to dislike, illusion — disillusion, similar — dissimilar,comfort — discomfort, to connect — to disconnect, connection —disconnection, connected — disconnected, to organize — to disor­ganize, organized — disorganized, organization — disorganization.B.

Образуйте и переведите производные слова согласно образцу:tele- (на большом расстоянии)television, telegraph, telegraphy, telemetryphone, text, scope, printer, communication;photo- (имеющий отношение к свету или фотографии)photon, photograph, photography, photographiccopy, finish, meter, electric, sensitive.65Упражнение 9. Прочитайте и переведите интернациональные слова.television ['teli,vi3en], action ['aekjan], territory ['teriteri],material [me'tieriel], million ['miljen], communication[k9,mju:nL'keiJan], central ['sentral], programme ['praugraem],transmission [traenz'mijen], telephone ['telifaun], cable ['keibl],signal ['signl], crystal ['kristl], code [kaud], visual [Visjual],video, regular ['regjula], zones ['zaunz].Упражнение 10. Прочитайте и запомните произношение следующихслов:tiny ['taini], fair [fea], research [ri'sa:^], to spread [spred], in­stead [in'sted], watch [wo^], provide [praVaid], artificial[,a:ti'fijal], convenient [kan'vi.njant], nowadays ['nauadeiz],wire ['waia], launching [1о:п^1Г[], to break [breik], to produce[pra'dju'.s], production [pra'dAkJan], to weigh [wei], clear [klia],major ['meidsa], available [aVeilabI], satellite ['saetalait], size[saiz], tape [teip], liquid [likwid], magazine [,maega'zi:n].СЛОВА И СЛОВОСОЧЕТАНИЯ ДЛЯ ЗАПОМИНАНИЯappear v — появлятьсяinfluence п — влияниеartificial а — искусственный means п — средствоcompare v — сравниватьnowadays adv — сейчас, в наcontain V — содержать, вмещать стоящее времяcontinuous а — непрерывный occur v — происходить, возниconvenient а — удобныйкатьdirect а — прямой, непо- rapidly adv — быстросредственныйresearch п — исследованиеduring ргр — в течение, во simultaneously adv — одновревремя, в продолжениеменноequipment п — оборудование state v — утверждатьessentially adv — по сущест- switch on v — включатьву, главным образомtime п — время, times — разetc (etcetera) — и т.

д.transmit v — передаватьexist V — существоватьwatch v — наблюдать, смотретьfew а — мало, немногоweigh v — весить, взвешиватьа few — несколькоwithin;7г;? — в пределах, в, череза lot of — много;to be able to — мочь, быть в состоянии66Text 4AПрочитайте текст и найдите абзацы, содержащие информацию о разви­тии различных видов телевизионных систем в хронологической последова­тельности. Переведите.TelevisionThe television set is evidently the most important and popularelectronic product of all time.

All homes in developed countrieshave one or more TV sets and in many countries there are consider­ably more TV sets than telephones.But in 1939 at the World's Fair in New York a tiny nine-bytwelve inch box was the centre of attention for hundreds of people.They were the first to see a television set in action. Compared to to­day's TV shows of underwater and outer-space research, those firstblack-white pictures were not very good. The pictures were onlytransmitted from one side of the Fair territory to the other. But in1939 they were of historical importance.Within a few days the news of television spread throughout theworld.

A lot of people wanted to have a look^ at the new invention.Everyone was interested in it. But only few people owned televisionsets in the next few years. When World War II broke out^ electronicfactories that began the TV production stopped making them andstarted making war materials instead. When the war was over, TVsets began coming off factory assembly lines. By 1958 there weremillions of them.In a surprisingly short time people watched fewer films andturned from newspapers and magazines to TV. In its short historytelevision has had great influence on people's life and way of think­ing.

Rocket-launching, concerts and football and tennis matchescan be seen direct as they occur. The boundaries of time and spacehave disappeared.At present TV communication is provided with the help of asystem of artificial earth satellites so that people living in differentparts of the country and all over the world and in different timezones are able to watch the central TV programs at the most conve­nient hours.Nowadays many countries also have cable TV, a system usingwires for the transmission of television programs (like telephonecalls).

Cable television first appeared in 1949 as a means of trans­mitting TV signals to rural and mountain areas far from big cities.Cable television's next big step forward was made by the mid —1980s. Scientists announced that many technical problems had67been solved and in the future it would be possible via satellite andcable TV to use more channels on a TV set at every home in theworld.Then we saw how a new technical invention, colour television,was rapidly replacing black-and-white television.

Recently it wasreported that the first pocket-size^ colour television set had beendeveloped. It was stated that a liquid-crystal display^ was used sim­ilar to those on calculators and watches and that it weighed lessthan a pound.A few years ago it became evident that the next major advancefor TV would be digital television. In a digital system the usual con­tinuous signal is replaced by a digital code containing detailed in­formation on brightness, colour, etc. A digital TV set hangs on thewall like a picture. Essentially, it is a minicomputer with a visualdisplay. Once a week^ you put the programs you like into thememory, and the TV set will automatically switch on the desiredchannel at the right time.

You can watch several programs simulta­neously on miniscreens and then produce one of them in full for­mat. Also, the TV set can automatically video-record the programswhen you are absent or occupied.By the end of 1980s television has moved to a new and the mostimportant stage in its development since the appearance of colourtelevision. Technically it is called high-definition television(HDTV)^ or Hi-Vision. This is the much higher resolution tele­vision^ of the 21st century. This revolution was started by Japanesemanufacturers when they developed a new video system with a pic­ture resembling a wide-screen film more than traditional television.The new system increases the screen's width-to-height ratio^(16:9).

The result is a picture several times shaфer than in the exist­ing TV sets. Besides, recent developments in plasma display paneltechnology^ make HDTV commercially practicable. The plasmadisplay makes it possible to produce a large, bright, colour, flat TVscreen so thin and light that it can also be hung on a wall like aframed picture. The engineering problem that has existed almostsince the first days of television may be solved now.Notes to the Text1. to have a look — взглянуть, посмотреть2.

to break out — начаться, разразиться3. pocket-size — карманный4. liquid-crystal display — устройство изображения на жид­ких кристаллах685. once a week — раз в неделю6. high-definition television (HDTV) — телевидение высокойчеткости7. high resolution television — телевидение с большим разре­шением8.

width-to-height ratio — отношение ширины к высоте9. plasma display panel technology — производство плазмен­ных панелейУПРАЖНЕНИЯУпражнение 11. Просмотрите текст 4А и ответьте на вопросы.1. When did the first TV set appear? 2.Were people interested inthe new invention? 3. Why was the TV production stopped in 1940?4. What is cable television? 5. What is digital television? 6. What ishigh-definition television?Упражнение 12. Укажите, какие из следующих утверждений соответству­ют содержанию текста 4А.1.

А lot of people owned television sets in the first years after itsinvention. 2. First television black-and-white pictures were excel­lent. 3. Only few people owned television sets in the next few yearsafter their appearance. 4. Black-and-white television was rapidlyreplacing colour television. 5. First television black-and-white pic­tures were not very good. 6. Only a few years ago colour televisionwas rapidly replacing black-and-white television.