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For example,when thisinformation waspublished the highestprice at whichUnilever shares hadbeen bought andsold was 712 and thelowest price at whichthey had beenbought and sold was400 pence.Yld0.00.00.0668High / L o w ------------Chg155.07.040.0287 135 Acatos & Hutch396 Albert Fisher96 27 Anglo East■PriceFOOD PRODUCERS18.712.52.449% |care603102564716724810155113017324459323238826363862781332238854128131400143160Alliance UniChemBespakBiocompatiblesBiotrace IntiCare UKCelsis IntiComnty HospDrew Scientific GpGyrus GrpHuntleighIsotronLondon IntiNestor-BNA575.0827.575.597.5185.528.0430.580.5130.0215.0512.5205.5373.5-1.522.5-1.0577305N y c e A m ersh am419.513.5835810241200834134552809911813254Seton SchollShield DiagnSinclair MontroseSmith & NephTepnel LifeWestm H'care755.0 24.0452.5 -15.0102.5 -1.0166.06.015.0 0.025:Г.5 1.00.50.00.00.00.0-1.50.03.010.02.22.125.420.8......0.00.954.223.8......3.814.5......1.91.71.61.4111.723.415.941.140.23.4117.2...26.0196.70.2 36.64.1 15.2...dr — bLowPriceStockChg1782201671882332528642215061593115133183203358481333620228482957153263279165871067314573165827914671012338710313307194174165238062807627165512790756811485778AirsprungAlbaAlexandraAllied TextAquarius GrpArmour TstBaird (Wm)Black (Peter)Black ArrowChurchill ChinaClaremontCoats ViyellaColefax & FowlerCornwell PkrPifco APortmeirionReadicutR e c k itt & CRelyonRoyal DoultonSherwood GpSilentnightSirdarStirlingStovesSwallowfieldVymuraWalker GBankWaterfd WedgWorthington GrpYorklyde73.5169.5110.097.5165.510.0117.5241.0107.5117.518.331.574.093.5-3.00.05.50.00.0-0.50.02.50.00.00.0-1.32.0-1.5.........167.5 0.025.3 0.31033.0 24.0301.5 11.083.55.043.0 -0.5189.5 -2.559.50.528.50.094.00.578.50.086.51.553.0 0.056.0 3.559.01.580.0 0.09.912.82.56.415.010.57.811.911.08.511.07.9461961053472519912022243097116229P/E12.54.88.011.06.93.89.110.35.99.2......15.33.65.813.25.812.68.32.9......7.94.75.3...2.66.66.0...92.56.28.84.87.219.49.712.310.87.67.25.36.13.76.18.069.38.112.7______,1.695% ■IN S U R A N C E900150162791297278167525610168162497Yld-1.949% ■HOUSEHOLD GOODSThis figure refers tothe relationshipbetween the currentmarket price of ashare and the profitearned by thecompany over themost recent year.
Forexample the price ofa Unilever share is38.7 times theearnings per sharefor the most recentyear. The P-E is oftenused to comparecompanies in thesame industry.714.0 29.08.0112.51.0111.00.048.5946.58.5CGUCharles Taylor216.00.0127.0 -0.5CLM Insur FndCox Insce349.01.5Dorn & Genl460.0 10.0Euclidian126.0 0.0GoshawkinsurHIdgs 118.0 0.0289.5 6.8GREIA llie d Z u ric hAmlin OrdinaryBenfield & ReaBradstock Gp12.27.312.43.52.812.91.43.014.93.14.5...6.518224.0...26.815.74.211.84.4ЛИЯ*Ш 01The IndependentChange...This shows howmuch the closingprice of the sharechanged incomparison with theprevious day'sclosing price.
Forexample, Unileverclosed 15 pencehigher than theprevious day.Price ---------------------YieldThis shows the price of theshare as it stood at the closeof business yesterday. Forexample, Unilever closed at600 pence.The yield shows how muchshareholders can expect to receive as adividend, in pence, for every £1 invested(based on the current share price).In other words, if you own £100 worthof shares in Unilever and the share priceremains constant, you can expect toreceive a dividend of £1.80.81unit e ig h tListening1Complete the sentences w ith one of these words.downto (x2)Name of theshareBarclaysBootsBritish AirwaysMarks 8( SpencerPearsonSainsburyStanley Leis1234567byfromofatupYesterday'sclosing PriceToday's closingpriceChange13991049402448108014511035404442+52-14+25331103522-6+23-11261.5261.5-1049pShares in Boots fell from1035p.CoBritish Airways shares rose 2p404p.Sainsburv's shares werel i p at 522p.Shares in Stanley Leis stood261.5p.Shares in Pearson increased23p.Barclays shares were52p at 145lp.There was a drop6p in Marks & Spencer shares.2 ( § ] Listen to a radio stock m arket report and complete the table.Name of theshareAvis EuropeBritish EnergyYesterday'sclosing priceToday's closingprice246p£S3p654pChange245pCooksonTescoBSkyBAlsthom+7p178p512p510p140pCalculate any prices w hich are not given.82The Stock Market ИSpeaking1 Work in pairs or small groups.
You have £1,000 and are thinking of investingit on the stock market. Decide which of the shares listed on page 81 you wouldbuy, and calculate how many you could afford. Choose a maximum of fourdifferent companies.Example:Tate & Lyle (food producers)100 shares @ 350p = £350.00Inter. Energy Group (gas distribution)150 shares @ 134p = £201.00Allied Zurich Insurance25 shares @ 714p = £178.50Seton Scholl (health care)35 shares @ 755p = £264.25Total = £993.752 After consideration, you decide not to purchase any shares. However, you arecurious to know whether or not you did the right thing. Look at the prices forthe same shares six months later on page 158.
Calculate how much money yourgroup would have made or lost if you had bought the shares.I f we had bought________ , we would have madeAost________ .W r it in g1 Read the headline and discuss possible reasons for the change in share prices.Motorola stock falls $3to close at $52...-mm&r звш ■■'в®'*»-jp#:2 Read an extract from the newspaper article and see if any of yoursuggestions are mentioned.Motorola Inc, the world’s top maker ofcellular phones, said Wednesday itplanned to cut more jobs in a drive toimprove falling profits after reporting aloss for the second quarter.Late on Tuesday they posted a net lossof S1.33 bn for the quarter to June 27,compared with a net profit of 1268 ma year ago.
Sales slipped to $7.02 bnfrom $7.52 bn. Although the resultswere slightly better than analystsexpected, Motorola stock fell $3, toclose at $52.Correct the mistakes in this summary of the article.M o to r o la i s c u r r e n tl y e x p e r i e n c i n g f i n a n c i a l d L C f c c u lti.e s . S a l e sfe ll c o n s id e r a b l y a n d c o n s e q u e n tly p r o f i t s a r e u p . T h e c o m p a n yh a s d e c id e d t oc u t c o s tsb y in c re a s in ge m p lo y e e s . S h a r e p r i c e s h a v e S u f f e r e d a sS i t u a t i o n . T h e y r o s e i n v a lu e f r o mth eatonum ber o fre s u lt o f t h i sin one d ay -4 Look through the financial pages of a newspaper and choose three shortarticles about events that have caused companies' share prices to change.
Writea brief summary describing what happened to each company and showing howits shares were affected. Use the example above to help you.83unit9Import ExportKey vocabulary 1 ШInternational trade is the exchange of goods and services between different countries.Depending on what a country produces and needs, it can export (send goods toanother country) and im port (bring in goods from another country).Governments can control international trade. The most common measures are tariffs(or duties) and quotas. A tariff is a tax on imported goods, and a quota is themaximum quantity of a product allowed into a country during a certain period of time.These measures are protectionist as they raise the price of imported goods to'protect' domestically produced goods.International organisations such as the W TO (World Trade Organisation) and EFTA(European Free Trade Association) regulate tariffs and reduce trade restrictions betweenmember countries.Lead-ifl^ Listen to an economist from the Organisation for Economic Co-operationand Development (OECD) explaining why countries trade, and answer thequestions.1 What does the speaker compare countries to?2 What activity does he give as an example?3 Why does it make sense for countries to trade?Look at this history of the European Union.*4*1957The European Economic Community (EEC) was founded in order to create acommon market in which tariffs and quotas between member countrieswould be progressively eliminated.
The six original member countries wereBelgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and West Germany.1973Denmark, Ireland and the UK joined.1981Greece joined.1981Portugal and Spain joined.1987The Single European Act created a single economic area from 1st January1993, called the European Community (EC).1991The Maastricht Treaty was signed, reinforcing economic and monetary union.1993In November the organisation became the European Union (EU).1995Membership increased to 15 countries as Austria, Finland and Sweden joinedthe Union.1999The single European currency, the euro, was launched.Have any other countries joined?84Import ExportIn pairs, do the following quiz.How much doyou knowabout theWhich country has the largestarea?Per inhabitant, which countryconsumes the most and theleastWhich country has the highestpopulation?a)b)c)d)Which country has the highestbirth rate?Which country is the mostdensely populated?cheese?sugar?wine?cigarettes?Which country uses the mostnuclear power as a source ofenergy?To which country does Franceexport the most?To which country does Swedenexport the most?'Which country exports themosta)b)c)d)Jcrude oil?cereals?iron and steel?citrus fruits?10 Which country has the mostforested area?It» Which country has the mostmagazines?12 In which country do women playthe most active role in theworkforce?13» Which country offers the longestpaid holidays?фIn which country are theheadquarters of the Europeancompany with the highest turnover?85u nit nineR e a d in gCompanies can choose from various methods to establish their products in a foreignmarket.
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