the ayurvedic pharmacopoeia of india - ccras ( pdfdrive ) (830801), страница 16
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Bd.Stmn.Rp. Fr. Pp.Sd.Infl.Rt. Tr.Ht. Wd.Fr.1 part1 part1 part1 part1 part1 part1 part1 part1 partMethod of preparation:Take all ingredients of pharmacopoeial quality.Dry Kola majja in an oven at 500 for 24 h and powder immediately after drying and passthrough sieve number 85. Wash, dry and powder all other cleaned ingredients (number 1to 3 and 5 to 9) individually and pass through sieve number 85. Weigh separately eachpowdered ingredient, mix together in specified ratio and pass through sieve number 44 toobtain a homogeneous blend.
Pack it in tightly closed containers to protect from light andmoisture.Description:Brown-coloured, smooth powder with characteristic odour of Elā, and a spicy, pungenttaste. The powder completely pass on through sieve number 44 and not less than 50 percent pass on through sieve number 85.Identification:Microscopy:Take a few mg of Cūr´a and warm with chloral hydrate, wash and mount inglycerine; wash a few mg in water and mount in glycerine; treat a few mg with iodinesolution and mount in glycerine; observe the following characters in the differentmounts.Perisperm cells with bulbous projections, packed with starch grains and also carryingminute calcium oxalate crystals, fragments of aril tissue with elongated cells and orangecoloured sclerenchymatous cells (Elā); pollen grains tetrahedral, spherical, biconvex,measuring 15 to 20 μ in dia, spindle shaped fibres, parenchyma with oil cells and antherwall with cluster crystals of calcium oxalate (Lava¬ga); numerous golden yellow pollengrains upto 50 μ in dia and fragments of anther wall (Nāgakeśara); circular to oval thinwalled, reddish brown cells of mesocarp, polygonal epicarp cells in surface view (Kola);endosperm cells packed with minute starch grains in clusters (Śāli); fragments of stellatehairs, elliptical, oval and circular pollen grains with clear exine, yellowish in colour, upto30 μ in dia, spiral vessels (Priya¬gu); circular to oval starch grains measuring upto 30 μin dia, narrow vessel with scalariform thickness, oblique pore, regular arrangement ofparallel short fibres from scale leaf (Mustā); abundant fragments of thick walled fibresisolated or associated with pitted vessel with tail (Śveta candana); oval to elongatedstone cells, measuring upto 300 μ in length, perisperm cells packed with starch grains andminute calcium oxalate crystals, multicellular uniseriate trichome (Pippalī).Thin Layer Chromatography:Extract 4 g of sample in alcohol (25 ml x 3) under reflux on a water-bath for 30 min,filter, concentrate to 10 ml and carry out the thin layer chromatography.
Apply 10 µl ofthe extract on TLC plate, develop the plate to a distance of 8 cm using toluene : ethylacetate (5 : 1.5) as mobile phase. After development allow the plate to dry in air andexamine under ultraviolet light (254 nm). It shows major spots at Rf 0.54, 0.71 (bothblue) and 0.92 (fluorescent blue). Spray the plate with vanillin-sulphuric acid reagentfollowed by heating at 1100 for about 10 min and observe under visible light. The plateshows major spots at Rf 0.56 (grey), 0.71 (orange), 0.92 (grey).Physico-chemical parameters:Loss on drying at 1050:2.2.10.Total ash:2.2.3.Acid-insoluble ash:2.2.4.Water-soluble extractive:2.2.8.Alcohol-soluble extractive:2.2.7.pH (10% aqueous solution):Not more than 10 per cent,AppendixNot more than 7 per cent,AppendixNot more than 2 per cent,AppendixNot less than 18 per cent,AppendixNot less than 10 per cent,Appendix5 to 7,Appendix 3.3.Other requirements:Microbial limit:Appendix 2.4.Aflatoxin:Appendix 2.7.Storage: Store in a cool place in tightly closed containers, protected from light andmoisture.Therapeutic uses: Kāsa (cough); Śvāsa (Asthma).Dose: 10 g daily in divided dose.Anupāna: Honey, Sugar.HI«GVA½¯AKA CŪR³A(AFI, Part- I, 7:37)Definition:Hi¬gva¾°aka Cūr´a is a powder preparation containing the ingredients in the Formulationcomposition given below:Formulation composition:1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.Śu´°hī APIMarica APIPippalī APIAjamodā APISaindhava lava´a APIŚveta jīraka APIK¨¾´a jīraka APIHi¬gu API-śuddhaZingiber officinalePiper nigrumPiper longumApium leptophyllumRock saltCuminum cyminumCarum carviFerula foetidaRz.Fr.Fr.Fr.Fr.Fr.Exd.1 part1 part1 part1 part1 part1 part1 part1 partMethod of preparation:Take all ingredients of pharmacopoeial quality.Roast coarsely powder Saindhava lava´a in a stainless steel pan till it become free frommoisture.
Prepare fine powder and pass through it sieve number 85.Treat Hi¬gu to prepare śuddha Hi¬gu (Appendix 6.2.7.12). Clean and powder all otheringredients individually, pass through sieve no. 85, weigh each ingredient separately andmix thoroughly in specified ratio to obtain a homogeneous blend.Pack it in tightly closed containers to protect from light and moisture.Description:Light brown; free flowing powder with a spicy and astringent taste, odour aromatic andpleasant.
The powder completely pass on through sieve number 44 and not less than 50per cent pass on through sieve number 85.Identification:Microscopy:Take about 5g of Cūr´a and wash thoroughly with destilled water to get rid of salt; allowthe material to settle, and reject the supernatant without loss of material; take a few mgand stain with iodine solution and mount in 50 per cent glycerine to examine the starchgrains. Clarify a few mg with chloral hydrate and mount in 50 per cent glycerine; boil afew mg with 2 per cent potassium hydroxide, wash with water and mount in glycerine.Observe the following character in different mounts.Stone cells measuring 130 to 190 µ in dia with broad lumen, isolated in groups of 2 to 8(Pippalī); fragments of inner epidermis of pericarp in surface view, with groups of stonecells varying in sizes, shapes and thickness, interspersed among parenchymatoushypodermis (Marica); groups of parenchymatous cells, densely packed with starchgrains, isolated starch grains, simple, oval to rod shaped, measuring 15 to 70 μ in length,hilum eccentric, lamellae distinct; yellow coloured oleo resin cells, non-lignified, sepatatefibres some of them bearing marks of adjacent cells pressing against them, 30 to 50 μbroad, (Śu´°hī); striated epidermal debris, transversely much elongated, thin walledparenchymatous cells in a regular V joint with neighbouring cell, stone cells frommesocarpic stone cell layer, not much longer than broad, epithelial cells of vittae arrangedlike honey comb (K¨¾´a Jīraka); multicellular large trichomes, stone cells of mesocarpicstone cell layer much longer than broad (Śveta Jīraka); epicarp tissue with radiallystriated or puckered papillose outgrowth, along with anomocytic stomata (Ajamodā).Thin layer chromatography:Extract 5 g of Cūr´a with n-hexane (25 ml x 3) under reflux on a water-bath for 30 min.Filter, concentrate the combined extract the to 10 ml.
Reflux the hexane-extracted marcwith chloroform, discard the chloroform soluble portion and then finally reflux the marcwith methanol (25 ml x 3) on a water-bath for 30 min. Filter and concentrate to 10 ml.Apply 10 µl of the hexane extract on TLC plate and develop the plate to a distance of 8cm using toluene : ethyl acetate (8 : 2) as mobile phase. After development, allow theplate to dry in air and examine under ultraviolet light (254 nm). It shows major spots atRf 0.25, 0.31, 0.43, 0.52, 0.59 and 0.68 (blue).Apply 10 µl of methanol extract of Cūr´a on TLC plate and develop the plate to adistance of 8 cm using toluene : ethyl acetate : methanol : formic acid (8 : 1.5 : 0.5 : 0.1)as mobile phase.
After development, allow the plate to dry in air and examine underultraviolet light (366 nm). It shows major spots at Rf 0.13, 0.19, 0.29, 0.36, 0.43, 0.53and 0.62 (all fluorescent blue).Physico-chemical parameters:Loss on drying:2.2.10.Total ash:2.2.3.Acid-insoluble ash:2.2.4.Alcohol-soluble extractive:2.2.7.Water-soluble extractive:2.2.8.pH (1% aqueous solution):Not more than 13.5 per cent,AppendixNot more than 23.0 per cent,AppendixNot more than 4.5 per cent,AppendixNot less than 14.0 per cent,AppendixNot less than 34.0 per cent,Appendix6.4 to 6.6,Appendix 3.3.Other requirements:Microbial Limits:Aflatoxins:Appendix 2.4.Appendix 2.7.Storage: Store in a cool place in tightly closed containers, protected from light andmoisture.Therapeutic uses: Agnimāndya (digestive impairment); Śūla (pain / colic); Gulma(abdominal lump); Vātaroga (disease due to vāta do¾a)Dose: 3 to 6 g daily in divided doses.Anupāna: Gh¨ta.NAVĀYASA CŪR³A(AFI, Part-I, 7:17)Definition:Navāyasa Cūr´a is a powder preparation made with the ingredients in the Formulationcomposition given below.Formulation composition:1.2.3.4.5.6.Śu´°hī APIMarica APIPippalī APIHarītakī APIBibhītaka APIĀmalakī API7.8.9.10.Mustā APIVi²a¬ga APICitraka APIAyoraja (Lauha bhasma) (30 Puti)Zingiber officinalePiper nigrumPiper longumTerminalia chebulaTerminalia belliricaPhyllanthus emblica(Emblica officinalis)Cyperus rotundusEmbelia ribesPlumbago zeylanicaRz.Fr.Fr.P.P.P.1 part1 part1 part1 part1 part1 partRt.
Tr.Fr.Rt.1 part1 part1 part9 partsMethod of preparation:Take all ingredients of pharmacopoeial quality.Wash, dry and powder ingredients 1 to 9 individually in a pulverizer and pass throughsieve number 85. Weigh separately each powdered ingredient, mix together in specifiedratio along with Ayoraja (lauha) bhasma and pass through sieve number 44 to obtain ahomogeneous blend. Store in an air-tight container.Store in a cool place in tightly closed containers, protected from light and moisture.Description:Reddish-brown powder with pungent odour and spicy, pungent taste.
All pass throughsieve number 44 and not less than 50 per cent pass through sieve number 85.Identification:Microscopy:Take about 5 g Cūr´a in a small beaker, add water, stir thoroughly and pass through 150sieve to remove the Bhasma; repeat once more. Take a few mg of the washed Cūr´a andwarm with chloral hydrate, wash and mount in glycerine; wash a few mg in water andmount in glycerine; treat a few mg with iodine solution and mount in glycerine. Observethe following characters in different mounts.Large starch grains, oval shape upto 50 µ in size; spiral vessels and septate non lignifiedfibres (Śu´°hī); stone cells of various shapes interspersed with parenchyma cells fromhypodermis (Marica); groups of isolated and spindle shaped stone cells, uniseriatemulticellular trichomes (Pippalī); groups of elongated sclereids with pits and broadlumen, crisscross fibre tissue, thin walled fibres with broad lumen and pegged tips(Harītakī); unicellular trichomes with sharp tips and bulbous base, epidermal fragmentwith cicatrices (Bibhītaka); thin walled epidermis with paracytic stomata and silicacrystals, brachysclereids with pitted wide lumen, large, irregular thick walled parenchymawith prominent corner thickening (Āmalakī); scalariform vessels, starch grains upto 30µ and regularly arranged, parallel sclereids from scale leaf (Mustā); prismatic crystals ofcalcium oxalate, spiral vessels and stone cells in different shapes and sizes withprominent pits from testa and elongated sclereids with broad lumen and pitted walls(Vi²a¬ga) ; cork cells in surface view and ray parenchyma cells with pits and thin walledfibres with pointed tips (Citraka).Thin Layer Chromatography:.
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