the ayurvedic pharmacopoeia of india - ccras ( pdfdrive ) (830801), страница 13
Текст из файла (страница 13)
The hexane extract showsmajor spots at Rf 0.20, 0.29, 0.48 and 0.61 under ultraviolet light (254 nm). Thechloroform extract shows major spots at Rf 0.28, 0.33, 0.56 and 0.62 under ultravioletlight (254 nm) and at 366 nm it shows major spots at Rf 0.27, 0.42 (both blue), 0.49, 0.52(both red) and 0.73 (green).____________________________________________________________________________* To maintain the shelf life, cow’s milk is washed off after boiling the Pūga phala. Tomeet the milk component of the formulation, Pūga kha´²a should be essentially takenwith milk.Physico-chemical parameters:Loss on drying:2.2.10.Total ash:2.2.3.Acid-insoluble ash:2.2.4.Alcohol-soluble extractive:2.2.7.Water-soluble extractive:2.2.8.pH (1% aqueous solution):Not more than 5 per cent,AppendixNot more than 2.40 per cent,AppendixNot more than 1.00 per cent,AppendixNot less than 17.0 per cent,AppendixNot less than 69.0 per cent,Appendix5.0 to 5.5,Appendix 3.3.Other requirements:Microbial Limit:Aflatoxin:Appendix 2.4.Appendix 2.7.Storage: Store in a cool place in tightly closed containers, protected from light andmoisture.Therapeutic uses: Chardi (emesis); Śūla (pain); ¡mlapitta (Hyperacidity); Mūrcchā(Syncope); Vandhyāroga (Infertility); Pradara (Excessive vaginal discharge); Pā´²u(Anaemia); Raktārśa (Bleeding piles); Garbhado¾a (foetal anomaly); Jarā (senility);Śukrak¾aya (Oligospermia); Agnim¢ndya (loss of appetite); T¨° (thirst); Daurbalya(weakness); Ajīr´a (dyspepsia); Vi°sa¬ga (constipation); Mūtrasa¬ga (obstruction inurinary tract); Yak¾mā (Tuberculosis); Balya (improves strength / immunity); Var´a(improve complexion) and D¨¾°i (vision).Dose: 12 g daily in divided doses.Anupāna: Essentially to be taken with Milk.SŪ§A³ĀVALEHA(AFI, Part I, 3:29)Definition:Sūra´āvaleha is a semisolid avaleha preparation made with the ingredients in theFormulation composition given below:Formulation composition:1.Sūra´a API4.800kg2.Jala API for decoction9.600 lReduced to4.800 l3.Gh¨ta (Gogh¨ta API)384 g4.Kha´²a APIkg5.Pippalī APIg6.Śu´°hī APIg7.Jīraka (Śveta jīraka API)g8.Dhānyaka APIg9.Patra (Tejapatra API )g10.Elā (Śūk¾mailā API)g11.Marica APIg12.Tvak APIg13.K¾audra (Madhu API)192 gAmorphophallus campanulatusFresh cormWaterClarified butter from Cow’s milkSugar candy4.8Piper longumFr.96Zingiber officinaleRz.96Cuminum cyminumFr.96Coriandrum sativumFr.24Cinnamomum tamalaLf.24Elettaria cardamomumSd.24Piper nigrumFr.24Cinnamomum zeylanicumSt.
Bk.24HoneyMethod of preparation:Take all material of pharmacopoeial quality.Wash, dry, powder ingredients numbered 5 to 12 (Prak¾epa dravya) separately and passthrough sieve number 85.Remove the skin of Sūra´a, wash and cut into pieces. Add water in a quantity sufficientto boil the Sūra´a which could be mashed easily to make a paste maintaining temperaturebetween 900 to 1000 for boiling. Strain the liquid through the muslin cloth.Crush the boiled pieces of Sūra´a to make a fine paste, fry the paste in Gh¨ta withconstant stirring maintaining temperature between 800 to 900 till the mixture turnsbrown. Take all the precautions to avoid over-roasting or under roasting the paste.
Addsugar and water to the strained liquid, heat to make two-thread sugar syrup.Add the fried paste of Sūra´a, to the above syrup, heat with constant stirring maintainingtemperature between 900 to 1000 and observe the mixture till the formation of a softbolus, which does not disperse in water. Stop heating and allow to cool to 500.Add powders of prak¾epa dravya mix thoroughly to prepare a homogeneous blend.On cooling to room temperature, add Madhu.Pack it in tightly closed containers to protect from light and moisture.Description:Semi solid, malleable, dark brown, sticky preparation with spicy odour and pungent,sweet tasteIdentification:Microscopy:Weigh about 5 g of the sample, stir with 50 ml of a defatting solvent in a beaker. Pour outthe solvent without loss of material and repeat the process till removal of the Gh¨ta.Washthe sediment in warm water similarly, and pour out the water.
Wash the sediment withdistilled water and centrifuge at medium speed. Decant the supernatant. Take a few mg ofthe sediment, warm in chloral hydrate and mount in glycerine (50 per cent). Mount a fewmg in iodine solution. Observe the following characters in different mounts.Sac-shaped starch grains with eccentric hilum, non-lignified xylem fibres and xylemvessels with reticulate thickenings (Śu´°hī); multicellular, multiseriate trichomes andsclereid layer from mesocarp (Jīraka); U-shaped stone cells with thickening on threesides (Tvak); bulbous perisperm cells containing starch grains and small prisms ofcalcium oxalate within (Elā); fragments of multicellular uniseriate short stout trichomesand leaf epidermal fragments with sunken paracytic stomata (Tejapatra); highlythickened stone cells with narrow lumen from testa, and groups of stone cells interspersedamong parenchyma tissue from hypodermis (Marica); groups of fusiform fibres ofsclerenchyma crisscrossing with each other (Dhānyaka).Thin layer Chromatography:Extract 5 g of Sūra´āvaleha with 75 ml of n-hexane under reflux on a water-bath for 30min.
Filter and concentrate to 10 ml and carry out the thin layer chromatography. Apply10 µl of the extract on TLC plate and develop the plate to a distance of 8 cm usingn-hexane : ethyl acetate (7: 3) as mobile phase. After development, allow the plate to dryin air and spray with anisaldehyde-sulphuric acid reagent followed by heating at 1100 forabout 10 min and examine under visible light. It shows major spots at Rf 0.19 (violet),0.32 (pink), 0.47 (violet), 0.59 (pink) and 0.95 (violet).Physico-chemical parameters:Total Ash:2.2.3.Acid-insoluble ash:2.2.4.Alcohol-soluble extractive:2.2.7.Not more than 0.1 per cent,AppendixNot more than 0.05 per cent,AppendixNot less than 25 per cent,AppendixWater-soluble extractive:2.2.8.Starch content:2.2.14.Total sugars:5.1.3.2.Reducing sugars:5.1.3.1.Non-reducing sugars:5.1.3.3.pH (10% aqueous solution):Not less than 50 per cent,AppendixNot less than 3 per cent,Appendix80 to 90 per cent,Appendix62 to 65 per cent,Appendix18 to 20 per cent,Appendix4.0 to 4.3,Appendix 3.3.Assay:The formulation contains not less than 0.003 per cent of piperine, when assayed by thefollowing method.Estimation of piperine: Dissolve 5 mg of piperine in methanol and make up the volume to100 ml in a volumetric flask.
From this stock solution, pipette out aliquots of 0.8 to 4.8ml into 10 ml volumetric flask and make up the volume with methanol to preparestandard solutions of 4 to 24 µg / ml. Apply 10 ml of each standard solution(corresponding to 40 to 240 ng of piperine) on TLC plate. Develop the plate to a distanceof 8 cm using dichloromethane : ethyl acetate (7.5 : 1). After development, dry the plateand scan in a TLC scanner at a wavelength of 337 nm. Record the area under the curvefor a peak corresponding to piperine and prepare the calibration curve by plotting peakarea vs amount of piperine.Extract accurately weighed about 5 g Sūra´āvaleha in ethyl acetate (25 ml x 5).
Filter theextracts, pool, concentrate and adjust the volume to 25 ml in a volumetric flask. Apply 10ml of test solution on TLC plate and develop, dry and scan the plate as described in theproceeding paragraph for calibration curve of piperine. Calculate the amount of piperinein the test solution from the calibration curve of piperine.Other requirements:Microbial limits:Aflatoxins:Appendix 2.4.Appendix 2.7.Storage: Store in a cool place in tightly closed containers, protected from light andmoisture.Therapeutic uses: Mandāgni (dyspepsia); Mū²havāta (obstructed movement of Vātado¾a); Arºa (piles) etc.Dose: 20 g daily in divided doses.Anupāna: Water, Milk.VĀSĀVALEHA(AFI, Part-I; 3:26)Definition:Vāsāvaleha is a semisolid avaleha preparation made with the ingredients in theFormulation composition given below.Formulation composition:1.2.3.4.5.Vāsaka (Vāsā API) svarasaSitā APISarpi (Gogh¨ta API)Pippalī APIMadhu APIAdhatoda vasicaSugar candyClarified butter from cow’s milkPiper longumHoneyLf.
(Fresh)Fr.Method of preparation:Take all ingredients of pharmacopoeial quality.Take fresh leaves of Vāsā, wash with water. Chop the leaves to about 2.5 cm, grind into apaste and prepare vāsā svarasa through pu°a pāka vidhi (Annexure 6.1.4)Clean, dry, grind Pippalī into fine powder and pass through sieve no. 85.Add powdered Śarkarā to Vāsā svarasa, heat mildly and filter through muslin cloth, aftercomplete dissolution of Śarkarā. Stir continuously while heating on mild fire.Concentrate the above mixture by continuous stirring on low fire.Add Gh¨ta and Pippalī to the above mixture and mix well. Continue heating till thepreparation reaches the required consistency confirmed by the formation of a soft ball thatdoes not disperse in water and cool to room temperature.
Add honey and again mix wellby continuous agitation with stirrer to make a homogeneous mixture.Pack it in tightly closed containers to protect from light and moisture.Description:Dark brown coloured, semi solid, malleable, sticky preparation with odour of ghee; tastebitter and pungent.Identification:Microscopy:Take about 5 g of sample dissolve in sufficient quantity of n-hexane for removal of ghee.Repeat the procedure with two further increments of solvent pouring out solvent eachtime, wash the sediment with warm water, followed by cold water repeatedly till a clearsediment is obtained.
Take a few mg of the sediment, mount in 50 per cent glycerine andobserve the following characters. Simple starch grains with concentric hilum, abundant768 g384 g96 g96 g384 gpolygonal perisperm cells packed with starch grains (Pippalī); multicellular, uniseriate,warty covering trichomes, sessile glandular trichomes with quadricellular head, fragmentsof lower epidermis showing the presence of diacytic stomata, cigar-shaped crystoliths(Vāsā).Thin layer chromatography:Extract 5 g of avaleha with 100 ml of methanol under reflux on a water-bath for 30 min.Filter, concentrate to 25 ml and carry out the thin layer chromatography.
Apply 10 µl ofthe extract on TLC plate and develop the plate to a distance of 8 cm using ethyl acetate :methanol : ammonia (8 : 2 : 0.2) as mobile phase. After development, allow the plate todry in air and examine under ultraviolet light. It shows major spots at Rf 0.34 (vasicine),0.74, 0.96 (piperine) under ultraviolet light (254 nm) and at Rf 0.77 (fluorescent blue),0.89 (blue), 0.96 (fluorescent blue – piperine) under ultraviolet light (366 nm). Derivatisethe plate with modified Dragendorff’s reagent and observe under visible light. It showstwo orange coloured spots at Rf 0.34 and 0.96.Physico-chemical parameters:Loss on drying:2.2.10.Total Ash:2.2.3.Acid-insoluble ash:2.2.4.Not more than 12.16 per cent,AppendixNot more than 2.5 per cent,AppendixNot more than 0.15 per cent,AppendixAlcohol-soluble extractive:Not less than 20 per cent,AppendixNot less than 60 per cent,Appendix83 to 88 per cent,Appendix44 to 45 per cent,Appendix38 to 43 per cent,Appendix4.35 to 4.9,Appendix 3.3.2.2.7.Water-soluble extractive:2.2.8.Total sugar:5.1.3.2.Reducing sugars:5.1.3.1.Non-reducing sugars:5.1.3.3.pH (10% aqueous solution):Assay:The formulation contains not less than 0.2 per cent of vasicine and not less than 0.2 percent of piperine when assayed by the following methods.Estimation of vasicine: Dissolve 2 mg of vasicine in 25 ml of methanol in a volumetricflask.
![](https://s.studizba.com/z.php?f=/templates/si/i/noavatar.png&w=100&h=100&t=1"){kind=avatar}
