2000 Монин, Шишков, Климат как проблема физики (1119304), страница 14
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(7-095) 129-08 18Fax (7-095) 124-59 83The logical fundamentals of the theory of climate are outlined: (1) The climate system OLA (Ocean ë Land ë Atmosphere) is deéned;(2) Analogous to the theory of turbulence, the notion of climate is deéned as a multicomponent random function in the OLA space-time(or, equivalently, as a statistical ensemble of states the OLA system passes through in a period of several decades); (3) The solar climateì i.e. the distribution of solar radiation in the upper atmosphere ì is determined, to be employed as the boundary condition for theOLA system; (4) `Horizontal' heat and mass transfer processes between the equatorial and polar zones are described; (5) The `vertical'processes of radiative- convective heat and mass transfer, in particular the `green house effect' of water vapour and small gas admixtures,are discussed; (6) The `vertical' radiative heat transfer processes in an aerosol-containing atmosphere is considered, including the `antigreen house effect' of volcanic and smoke aerosols, and the `nuclear night' and `nuclear winter' scenarios.PACS numbers: 89.60.+x, 92.60.
± e, 92.60.Ry, 92.90.+xBibliography ì 170 references445Received 11 October 1999, revised 31 January 2000.
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