Анализ, классификация и прогноз свойств гумусовых кислот (1098260), страница 30
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AZ\bkbfhklv dhgp_gljZpbb =ND \ kmi_jgZlZgl_ hlZgZeblbq_kdhc dhgp_gljZpbb +J,, ijb jZaebqguobkoh^guoZgZeblbq_kdbodhgp_gljZpbyo=NDMqZklhd gZ dhlhjhf hdjZr_ggh_ \_s_kl\h \uiZ^Zeh iheghklvx l_mqZklhdfZdkbfZevguokhhlghr_gbcHg:=NDij_\urZ\rbo-1.2 ffhev][ue bkke_^h\Zg [he__ ih^jh[gh >ey dZ`^hc lhqdb wlh]h mqZkldZ [uehjZkkqblZgh dhebq_kl\h jlmlb k\yaZ\r_cky k ]mfmkh\ufb dbkehlZfb ?]hhij_^_eyeb bkoh^y ba jZaghklb f_`^m \\_^_gghc dhgp_gljZpb_c Hg(II) bdhgp_gljZpb_c h[gZjm`_gghc gZ^ hkZ^dhf ]mfZlZ Khhl\_lkl\mxsb_bahl_jfu khj[pbb kljhbeb \ ebg_Zjbah\Zgguo dhhj^bgZlZo bahl_jfuEwg]fxjZK / +J11=+⋅ & / +J4.
VRUE ⋅ 4 PD[ 4 PD[(7.28)]^_KL(Hg) – dhgp_gljZpby\k_onhjfHg(II) gZ^hkZ^dhf4–dhebq_kl\hjlmlb ijboh^ys__ky gZ _^bgbpm fZkku =ND .sorb – dhgklZglZ khj[pbbQmax –fZdkbfZevgZykhj[pbykhhl\_lkl\mxsZykh^_j`ZgbxJKP>ey h[hbo bkke_^h\Zgguo ij_iZjZlh\ =ND lhjnZ bahl_jfu hdZaZebkvebg_cgu r = 0.9) ohly lZg]_gk m]eZ gZdehgZ jZaebqZeky ^ey jZaguoZgZeblbq_kdbo dhgp_gljZpbc ij_iZjZlh\ H^gZdh g_ihkj_^kl\_gghcaZ\bkbfhklb f_`^m lZg]_gkhf m]eZ gZdehgZ b ZgZeblbq_kdhc dhgp_gljZpb_cij_iZjZlZ h[gZjm`_gh g_ [ueh <hafh`gh wlh k\yaZgh k jZaebqb_f k\hckl\ih\_joghkl_ch[jZamxsboky]mfZlh\jlmlbGZ hkgh\Zgbb ihemq_gguo bahl_jf [ueb jZkkqblZgu iZjZf_ljuZ^khj[pbb +J,, gZ ^\mo ]mfZlZo jlmlb .sorb = (3.6±1.3)×104 b(3.1±2.0)×1041/M, Qmax = (2.1± b ±0.3) ffhev] =ND ijb\_^_gu^h\_jbl_evgu_ bgl_j\Zeu ijb n = 5, P = 0.95) Ihemq_ggu_ agZq_gby Qmax225ohjhrh kh]eZkmxlky k kh^_j`Zgb_f jlmlb \ ]mfZlZo b ffhev]ihemq_gguo \ oh^_ dZq_kl\_gguo wdki_jbf_glh\ Ba wlh]h ke_^m_l qlhbkihevah\Z\rb_ky \ ij_^\Zjbl_evguo wdki_jbf_glZo mkeh\by ihemq_gby]mfZlh\ jlmlb dhgp_gljZpby =ND ]e b [he__ khhlghr_gb_ +J=ND g_f_g__ fhev]iha\heyxlihemqZlvgZkus_ggu_]mfZluHg(II).Ihemq_gb_ b oZjZdl_jbklbdZ gZkus_gguo ]mfZlh\ jlmlb ,, >eyhij_^_e_gby kh^_j`Zgby JKP \ bkke_^m_fhc \u[hjd_ khklhys_c ba ij_iZjZlh\ ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl jZaebqgh]h ijhbkoh`^_gby b njZdpbhggh]hkhklZ\Z \ hibkZgguo \ur_ mkeh\byo ^ey dZ`^h]h ij_iZjZlZ ihemqZebgZkus_gguc ]mfZl Hg(II) K wlhc p_evx gZkus_gguc jZkl\hj +J123)2^h[Z\eyeb d dhgp_gljbjh\Zgguf (1-2 ]e) jZkl\hjZf ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl Ijbwlhf\k_hdjZr_ggh_\_s_kl\h\uiZ^Zeh\hkZ^hdIhemq_ggu_ ]mfZlu ij_^klZ\eyeb kh[hc l_fgh-dhjbqg_\u_ Zfhjngu_ihjhrdb g_jZkl\hjbfu_ \ \h^_ hj]Zgbq_kdbo jZkl\hjbl_eyo [_gahe_oehjhnhjf_L=NZp_lhg_>FN:Zp_lhgbljbe_h]jZgbq_gghjZkl\hjbfu_\ F .&O b F 1D2+ Ij_iZjZlu jZaeZ]Zebkv g_ ieZ\ykv ijbgZ]j_\Zgbb \ur_ °K J_gl]_gh-nZah\uc ZgZeba ihdZaZe boj_gl]_ghZfhjnghklvLZ[ebpZKh^_j`Zgb_JKP\ij_iZjZlZo]mfmkh\uodbkehl(n = 3, P = 0.95)Ij_iZjZlJKPffhev]H<JH<ijbjh^guo\h^ADOM-SMu43.7±0.7ADOM-SMu82.6±0.4=NDijbjh^guo\h^AHF-MMu74.2±0.8AHF-RND112.7±0.3AHF-RND145.9±0.6AHF-SSH12.7±0.4AHF-SMu83.5±0.6=ND^hgguohleh`_gbcBHF-RLuh3.2±0.4BHF-RND132.9±0.4BHF-SMu22.4±0.4=Dm]e_cCHA-AGK4.3±0.9CHA-ALD2.6±0.1Ij_iZjZlJKPffhev]H<=NDlhjnZPHF-T4942.2±0.4PHF-T5942.1±0.4PHF-T6942.5±0.2PHF-TH942.1±0.2PHF-TMu42.4±0.5PHF-TT942.8±0.5=Dihq\SHA-Gw941.0±0.5SHA-Pw941.0±0.1SHA-PwN2.0±01=NDihq\SHF-Co942.7±0.3SHF-TMu121.8±0.2SHF-PMu91.9±0.2226>eyhij_^_e_gbykh^_j`ZgbyHg(II) \]mfZlZobojZaeZ]Zeb\Z\lhdeZ\_\ ijbkmlkl\bb i_jkmevnZlZ dZeby Kh^_j`Zgb_ ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl \ ]mfZlZoijbgbfZeb jZ\guf bo fZkk_ \ bkoh^ghf jZkl\hj_ GZ hkgh\Zgbb wlh]hjZkkqblu\Zebdhebq_kl\hjlmlbijboh^ys__kygZ_^bgbpmfZkku]mfmkh\uodbkehlWlhdhebq_kl\hkhhl\_lkl\m_lkh^_j`ZgbxJKP\=NDJ_amevlZlu\jZkq_l_gZ[_aahevgmxijh[mij_^klZ\e_gu\lZ[e 7.1.DZd \b^gh ba lZ[e 7.1, \_kv ^bZiZahg baf_g_gby kh^_j`Zgby JKP \bkke_^h\Zgguoij_iZjZlZo=NDkhklZ\eyehl^hffhev/]=NDIjbwlhffZdkbfZevgu_ kh^_j`Zgby JKP gZ[ex^Zebkv ^ey =ND \h^ fbgbfZevgu_ –^ey =D ihq\ Dhebq_kl\h JKP ijboh^ys__ky gZ ³kj_^gxx fhe_dmem´ =NDkhklZ\eyehhl^hqlhih^l\_j`^Z_ll_abkhlhfqlh]mfmkh\u_dbkehlukihkh[guh[jZah\u\Zlviheby^_jgu_dhfie_dkukly`_eufbf_lZeeZfb7.1.2 Hij_^_e_gb_dZ`msbokydhgklZglmklhcqb\hklbdhfie_dkh\]mfmkh\uodbkehlkHg(II)Kh]eZkgh \udeZ^dZf ijb\_^_gguf \ jZa^_e_ hilbfZevghcoZjZdl_jbklbdhc \aZbfh^_ckl\by ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl k Hg(II) y\ey_lkydZ`msZyky dhgklZglZ (7.2) ijb fZeuo kl_i_gyo aZiheg_gby JKP >ZggZydhgklZglZ iha\hey_l hoZjZdl_jbah\Zlv gZb[he__ kbevgu_ JKP dhlhju_hij_^_eyxl dhfie_dkhh[jZamxsb_ k\hckl\Z ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl \ ijbjh^guokj_^Zo < kbem mdZaZgguo h[klhyl_evkl\ bf_ggh __ [m^_f \ ^Zevg_cr_fih^jZamf_\Zlvih^l_jfbghf³dhgklZglZmklhcqb\hklbdhfie_dkh\]mfmkh\uodbkehlkHg(II)” .DhgklZglu mklhcqb\hklb dhfie_dkh\ k Hg(II) [ueb hij_^_e_gu ^ey ij_iZjZlh\ Dhgp_gljZpbx ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl \ujZ`Zeb q_j_a fheyjgmxdhgp_gljZpbx JKP b khhl\_lkl\mxsb_ dhgklZglu h[hagZqZeb KJKPQlh[u ijb[ebablv mkeh\by hij_^_e_gby dhgklZgl d ijbjh^guf \h^Zfhij_^_e_gb_ ijh\h^beb ijb jG \ F ]b^jhdZj[hgZlghf [mn_j_Hij_^_e_gb_jlmlb\ijbkmlkl\bb]mfmkh\uodbkehlijb\h^bebihf_lh^bd_ih^jh[gh baeh`_gghc \ khhl\_lkl\mxs_c im[ebdZpbb [@bebgb^j 2000]bijb\_^_gghc \ ijbeh`_gbb F_lh^bq_kdb_ Zki_dlu hij_^_e_gby dhgklZgl bihemq_ggu_j_amevlZluhibkZgugb`_Bhghh[f_ggucf_lh^GZi_j\hfwlZi_bkke_^h\Zgbc^eyhij_^_e_gbydhgklZgl mklhcqb\hklb dhfie_dkh\ ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl k +J,, [ue \u[jZgbhghh[f_gguc f_lh^ dhlhjuc rbjhdh ijbf_gy_lky \ wlbo p_eyo >Ebggbd bGZ[b\Zg_p @ F_lh^ hkgh\Zg gZ lhf qlh ]mfmkh\u_ dbkehlu k\yau\Zybhgu f_lZeeZ \ dhfie_dk ij_iylkl\mxl _]h k\yau\Zgbx k dZlbhgblhf Ijbwlhf \ kemqZ_ _keb _fdhklv dZlbhgblZ agZqbl_evgh ij_\urZ_l dhebq_kl\hf_lZeeZ ih]ehs_gb_ f_lZeeZ dZlbhgblhf ebg_cgh aZ\bkbl hl dhgp_gljZpbbk\h[h^ghc nhjfu f_lZeeZ lh _klv khj[pby f_lZeeZ hibku\Z_lky bahl_jfhc=_gjb227(7.29)νsorb(Hg) = KH⋅[Hg2+]]^_νsorb(Hg) –dhebq_kl\hkhj[bjh\Zggh]h+J,,.H –dhgklZglZ=_gjbIjb jG ijZdlbq_kdb \_kv +J2+ ]b^jhebah\Zg Qlh[u ij_^hl\jZlblv]b^jheba \ jZkl\hju kh^_j`Zsb_ ]mfmkh\u_ dbkehlu b +J(II) \\h^beboehjb^dZeby\dhgp_gljZpbb FDZdihdZau\Z_ljZkq_l\wlbomkeh\byo\ hlkmlkl\b_ ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl ijZdlbq_kdb \_kv +JII) ijbkmlkl\m_l \jZkl\hj_ \ \b^_ HgCl2 Lh]^Z \ hlkmlkl\b_ ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl bahl_jfZkhj[pbb+J,,gZdZlbhgbl_[m^_l\u]ey^_lvke_^mxsbfh[jZahf(7.30)νsorb(Hg) = λ0⋅[Hg(II)]]^_ λ0 – dhwnnbpb_gl jZkij_^_e_gby +J,, \ hlkmlkl\b_ ]mfmkh\uodbkehlZ>+J,,@–kmffZjgZydhgp_gljZpby\k_ojZkl\hj_gguonhjf+J,,hij_^_ey_fZywdki_jbf_glZevghλ0fh`ghk\yaZlvkdhgklZglhc=_gjbbkoh^ybahij_^_e_gbydhgklZglumklhcqb\hklb +J&O2 b mqblu\Zy qlh oehjb^-bhgu gZoh^ylky \ [hevrhfba[uld_ihkjZ\g_gbxk+J,,λ0 =.+β 2 +J&O 2 ⋅ & 2 &O − (7.31)Ijb \\_^_gbb ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl \ kbkl_fm kh^_j`Zsmx +J,, b &O–,ijhl_dZ_lj_Zdpbydhgdmj_glgh]hdhfie_dkhh[jZah\ZgbyHgCl2JKP4 Hg⋅JKP&O–.(7.32)Lh]^Z dhwnnbpb_gl jZkij_^_e_gby +J,, f_`^m jZkl\hjhf bdZlbhgblhf\ujZ`Z_lkyq_j_adhgklZglm=_gjbke_^mxsbfh[jZahfλ=.+β 2 +J&O 2 ⋅ & 2 &O − + .
3&P ⋅ &3&P (7.33)BamjZ\g_gbcbke_^m_lqlhλ0. 3&P ⋅ &3&P −1=λβ 2 +J&O 2 ⋅ & 2 &O − (7.34)Baihke_^g_]hmjZ\g_gbyke_^m_lqlhijbihklhygghcdhgp_gljZpbb&Oih f_j_ m\_ebq_gby dhgp_gljZpbb JKP \_ebqbgZ λ0/λ – ebg_cgh jZkl_lijbq_f ba lZg]_gkZ m]eZ gZdehgZ khhl\_lkl\mxs_c aZ\bkbfhklb fh`gh\uqbkeblv KJKP Wlh hagZqZ_l qlh ^ey hij_^_e_gby KJKP g_h[oh^bfhihkljhblvaZ\bkbfhklvλ0/λ–hlKJKP>ey hij_^_e_gby λ0 bamqZeb jZkij_^_e_gb_ +J,, f_`^m dZlbhgblhf bjZkl\hjhf λ0 gZoh^beb dZd lZg]_gk m]eZ gZdehgZ ihemq_gghc ebg_cghcbahl_jfuZ^khj[pbb?]hagZq_gb_khklZ\beh>ey bamq_gby \ebygby ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl gZ dhwnnbpb_gljZkij_^_e_gby +J,, f_`^m dZlbhgblhf b jZkl\hjhf \ kbkl_fm \\h^bebjZaebqgu_dhgp_gljZpbb]mfmkh\uodbkehlbhij_^_eyeb+J,,\jZkl\hj_<wdki_jbf_glZo bkihevah\Zeb ij_iZjZlu PHF-LG ADOM-SMu4 b PHF-228SMu Ihemq_ggu_ j_amevlZlu ij_^klZ\eyeb \ \b^_ aZ\bkbfhklb λ0/λ– hldhgp_gljZpbb ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl \ eh]Zjbnfbq_kdbo dhhj^bgZlZo ijbq_fdhgp_gljZpbx ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl \ujZ`Zeb dZd fheyjgmx dhgp_gljZpbxJKPjbk 7.2).OJ&JKPOJλ Rλ−1 Jbk 7.2 AZ\bkbfhklv ih]ehs_gby +J,, dZlbhgblhf DM- hldhgp_gljZpbb=NDPHF-SMu4.>ey \k_o lj_o ij_iZjZlh\ \\_^_gb_ ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl ijb\h^beh dm\_ebq_gbx k\yau\Zgby +J,, k dZlbhgblhf Ke_^h\Zl_evgh ]mfmkh\u_dbkehlu kihkh[kl\m_l k\yau\Zgbx +J,, k dZlbhgblhf lh _klv ihfbfhkhj[pbb bhgh\ Hg2+ gZ dZlbhgbl_ gZ g_f ijhbkoh^bl b khj[pby ]mfZlh\jlmlb Wlh ^_eZ_l bhghh[f_gguc f_lh^ g_ijbf_gbfuf ^ey hij_^_e_gbydhgklZglmklhcqb\hklb]mfZlh\jlmlb:^khj[pbhgguc f_lh^ G_ijbf_gbfhklv bhghh[f_ggh]h f_lh^Z ^eyhij_^_e_gby dhgklZgl mklhcqb\hklb ]mfZlh\ jlmlb ih[m^beZ gZk dfh^bnbdZpbb wlh]h f_lh^Z : bf_ggh \hagbdeZ b^_y aZf_gblv dZlbhgbl gZdZdhc-eb[h ^jm]hc khj[_gl kihkh[guc khj[bjh\Zlv +JII) ba jZkl\hjZ Ijbwlhfbkdhfuckhj[_gl^he`_g[uem^h\e_l\hjylvke_^mxsbfmkeh\byf<hi_j\uoh[_ki_qb\Zlvebg_cghklvbahl_jfukhj[pbb+J(II) ijbdhgp_gljZpbb250 gF b \ur_ <h-\lhjuo g_ ^he`_g khj[bjh\Zlv ]mfZlu Djhf_ lh]h \mkeh\byowdki_jbf_glZkhj[_gl^he`_gihgb`Zlvdhgp_gljZpbx+J,,\-4jZaZ ijb [he__ kbevghc khj[pbb \hagbdgml [hevrb_ ih]j_rghklb ijbhij_^_e_gbbλ0Zijb[he__keZ[hc– ijbhij_^_e_gbbλ0/λ – 1).<dZq_kl\_\hafh`guokhj[_glh\[ueb\u[jZguihebwlbe_g[Heiden andAikens, 1983]d\Zjp[PmdZgh\ZbLbohfheh\Z, 1996]bkl_deh>eyhp_gdbbokhj[pbhgghc kihkh[ghklb ih hlghr_gbx d +J,, [ueZ bamq_gZ Z^khj[pby+J,, gZ kl_gdZo khkm^h\ ba khhl\_lkl\mxs_]h fZl_jbZeZ \ ijbkmlkl\bb0.0025 F ]b^jhdZj[hgZlgh]h [mn_jZ jG Wdki_jbf_glu ijh\h^bebkv \[_koehjb^ghc kj_^_ lZd dZd oehjb^u ij_iylkl\h\Zeb khj[pbb Hg(II) >eyhp_gdb ^heb Z^khj[bjh\Z\r_]hky +J,, kljhbeb aZ\bkbfhklv dhgp_gljZpby+J,,\jZ\gh\_kbbkkhj[_glhfhlbkoh^ghcdhgp_gljZpbb+J,,jbk 7.3).229>+J,,@\ijbkmlk\bbkhj[_glZfdF\ [\ [Kl_deh\ [IWD\ZjpK+J,,bkoh^gZygFJbk 7.3.
AZ\bkbfhklv dhgp_gljZpbb +J,, \ jZkl\hj_ gZ^jZaebqgufb khj[_glZfb hl bkoh^ghc ZgZeblbq_kdhcdhgp_gljZpbb +J,, jG F ]b^jhdZj[hgZlguc[mn_jBa jbk \b^gh qlh \k_ ljb khj[_glZ h[_ki_qb\Zxl ebg_cghklvbahl_jf Z^khj[pbb \ lj_[m_fhf ^bZiZahg_ dhgp_gljZpbc Ijb wlhf kl_dehh[eZ^Z_lfbgbfZevghckhj[pbhgghckihkh[ghklvxZd\Zjp–fZdkbfZevghcBamq_gb_ Z^khj[pbb +J,, gZ d\Zjp_ \ ijbkmlkl\bb b f]e =NDihdZaZeh qlh ih f_j_ m\_ebq_gby dhgp_gljZpbb ]mfmkh\uo dbkehlgZ[ex^Zehkv hldehg_gb_ bahl_jf Z^khj[pbb hl ebg_cghklb Ih-\b^bfhfmwlh k\yaZgh k l_f qlh ]mfmkh\u_ dbkehlu lZd`_ aZgbfZxl Z^khj[pbhggu_p_gljugZd\Zjp_bl_fkZfufij_iylkl\m_lkhj[pbb+J,,:gZeh]bqgu_ wdki_jbf_glu [ueb ijh\_^_gu k ihebwlbe_gh\ufbih\_joghklyfbBahl_jfuZ^khj[pbb+J,,gZihebwlbe_gh\uoih\_joghklyoijbjZaebqguodhgp_gljZpbyo]mfmkh\uodbkehlijb\_^_gugZjbk 7.4.Dhe\hkhj[bjh\Zgghcjlmlbgfhev230Dhgp_gljZpby=NDf]e>+J,,@gFJbk 7.4. Lbibqgu_ bahl_jfu Z^khj[pbb Hg(II) gZ ihebwlbe_gh\uoih\_joghklyo ijb jZaebqguo dhgp_gljZpbyo ]mfmkh\uodbkehljG F]b^jhdZj[hgZlguc[mn_jBajbk \b^ghqlh]mfmkh\u_dbkehlukgb`ZxlZ^khj[pbx+J,,gZihebwlbe_gh\uo ih\_joghklyo ijbq_f \h \k_f bkke_^h\Zgghf ^bZiZahg_dhgp_gljZpbc]mfmkh\uodbkehlbahl_jfuhklZxlkyebg_cgufbDjhf_lh]hijb ih\ur_gbb dhgp_gljZpbb ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl ^h f]e +J,,ijZdlbq_kdbg_Z^khj[bjm_lkygZihebwlbe_gh\uoih\_joghklyoqlh]h\hjblh[ hlkmlkl\bb Z^khj[pbb ]mfZlh\ jlmlb gZ ihebwlbe_g_ GZ hkgh\Zgbb^Zggh]h nZdlZ ^Zevg_crb_ wdki_jbf_glu ih hij_^_e_gbx dhgklZglmklhcqb\hklb dhfie_dkh\ ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl k Hg(II) ijh\h^beb kbkihevah\Zgb_fihebwlbe_gZ\dZq_kl\_Z^khj[_glZDZd b jZg__ dhgklZglu mklhcqb\hklb jZkkqblu\Zeb \ khhl\_lkl\bb kih^oh^hfjZkkfZljb\Zxsbf]mfmkh\uodbkehldZdgZ[hjJKPIjbgbfZy\h\gbfZgb_ qlh hij_^_e_gb_ dhgklZgl mklhcqb\hklb ]mfZlh\ jlmlb (II)hkeh`gyehkv ]b^jhebahf bhgZ Hg2+ b dhfie_dkhh[jZah\Zgb_f jlmlbII kdhfihg_glZfb[mn_jghckj_^u\\h^bebke_^mxsb_^hims_gby1.
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