Гричин С.В., Ульянова О.В. - Английский язык для инженеров сварочного производства (1044906), страница 26
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Shielding isobtained from decomposition of impregnated tape wrapped around theelectrode as it is fed to the arc. Pressure is not used, and filler metal isobtained from the electrode.INDUCTION BRAZINGA process in which bonding is produced by the heat obtained from theresistance of the work to the flow of induced electric current and byusing a nonferrous filler metal having a melting point above 800 °F(427 °C), but below that of the base metals.
The filler metal isdistributed in the joint by capillary attraction.INDUCTION WELDINGA process in which fusion is produced by heat obtained from resistanceof the work to the flow of induced electric current, with or without theapplication of pressure.138INERT GASA gas which does not normally combine chemically with the basemetal or filler metal.INTERPASS TEMPERATUREIn a multipass weld, the lowest temperature of the deposited weld mealbefore the next pass is started.JOINTThe portion of a structure in which separate base metal parts arejoined.JOINT PENETRATIONThe maximum depth a groove weld extends from its face into a joint,exclusive of reinforcement.KERFThe space from which metal has been removed by a cutting process.LAP JOINTA joint between two overlapping members.LAYERA stratum of weld metal, consisting of one or more weld beads.LEG OF A FILLET WELDThe distance from the root of the joint to the toe of the fillet weld.LIQUIDUSThe lowest temperature at which a metal or an alloy is completelyliquid.LOCAL PREHEATINGPreheating a specific portion of a structure.LOCAL STRESS RELIEVINGStress relieving heat treatment of a specific portion of a structure.MANIFOLDA multiple header for connecting several cylinders to one or moretorch supply lines.MARTENSITEMartensite is a microconstituent or structure in quenched steelcharacterized by an acicular or needle-like pattern on the surface ofpolish.
It has the maximum hardness of any of the structures resultingfrom the decomposition products of austenite.MASH SEAM WELDINGA seam weld made in a lap joint in which the thickness at the lap isreduced to approximately the thickness of one of the lapped joints byapplying pressure while the metal is in a plastic state.MELTING POINTThe temperature at which a metal begins to liquefy.139MELTING RANGEThe temperature range between solidus and liquidus.MELTING RATEThe weight or length of electrode melted in a unit of time.METAL-ARC CUTTINGThe process of cutting metals by melting with the heat of the metal arc.METAL-ARC WELDINGAn arc welding process in which a metal electrode is held so that theheat of the arc fuses both the electrode and the work to form a weld.METALLIZINGA method of overlay or metal bonding to repair worn parts.MIXING CHAMBERThat part of a welding or cutting torch in which the gases are mixed forcombustion.MULTI-IMPULSE WELDINGThe making of spot, projection, and upset welds by more than oneimpulse of current.
When alternating current is used each impulse mayconsist of a fraction of a cycle or a number of cycles.NEUTRAL FLAMEA gas flame in which the oxygen and acetylene volumes are balancedand both gases are completely burned.NICK BREAK TESTA method for testing the soundness of welds by nicking each end ofthe weld, then giving the test specimen a sharp hammer blow to breakthe weld from nick to nick. Visual inspection will show any welddefects.NONFERROUSMetals which contain no iron.
Aluminum, brass, bronze, copper, lead,nickel, and titanium are nonferrous.NORMALIZINGHeating iron-base alloys to approximately 100 °F (38 °C) above thecritical temperature range followed by cooling to below that range instill air at ordinary temperature.NUGGETThe fused metal zone of a resistance weld.OPEN CIRCUIT VOLTAGEThe voltage between the terminals of the welding source when nocurrent is flowing in the welding circuit.OVERHEAD POSITIONThe position in which welding is performed from the underside of ajoint and the face of the weld is approximately horizontal.140OVERLAPThe protrusion of weld metal beyond the bond at the toe of the weld.OXIDIZING FLAMEAn oxyacetylene flame in which there is an excess of oxygen. Theunburned excess tends to oxidize the weld metal.OXYACETYLENE CUTTINGAn oxygen cutting process in which the necessary cutting temperatureis maintained by flames obtained from the combustion of acetylenewith oxygen.OXYACETYLENE WELDINGA welding process in which the required temperature is attained byflames obtained from the combustion of acetylene with oxygen.OXY-ARC CUTTINGAn oxygen cutting process in which the necessary cutting temperatureis maintained by means of an arc between an electrode and the basemetal.OXY-CITY GAS CUTTINGAn oxygen cutting process in which the necessary cutting temperatureis maintained by flames obtained from the combustion of city gas withoxygen.OXYGEN CUTTINGA process of cutting ferrous metals by means of the chemical action ofoxygen on elements in the base metal at elevated temperatures.OXYGEN GOUGINGAn application of oxygen cutting in which a chamfer or groove isformed.OXY-HYDROGEN CUTTINGAn oxygen cutting process in which the necessary cutting temperatureis maintained by flames obtained from the combustion of city gas withoxygen.OXY-HYDROGEN WELDINGA gas welding process in which the required welding temperature isattained by flames obtained from the combustion of hydrogen withoxygen.OXY-NATURAL GAS CUTTINGAn oxygen cutting process in which the necessary cutting temperatureis maintained by flames obtained by the combustion of natural gas withoxygen.141OXY-PROPANE CUTTINGAn oxygen cutting process in which the necessary cutting temperatureis maintained by flames obtained from the combustion of propane withoxygen.PASSThe weld metal deposited in one general progression along the axis ofthe weld.PEENINGThe mechanical working of metals by means of hammer blows.Peening tends to stretch the surface of the cold metal, thereby relievingcontraction stresses.PENETRANT INSPECTIONa.
Fluorescent. A water washable penetrant with high fluorescence andlow surface tension. It is drawn into small surface openings bycapillary action. When exposed to black light, the dye will fluoresce.b. Dye. A process which involves the use of three noncorrosive liquids.First, the surface cleaner solution is used. Then the penetrant is appliedand allowed to stand at least 5 minutes. After standing, the penetrant isremoved with the leaner solution and the developer is applied.
The dyepenetrant, which has remained in the surface discontinuity, will bedrawn to the surface by the developer resulting in bright redindications.PERCUSSIVE WELDINGA resistance welding process in which a discharge of electrical energyand the application of high pressure occurs simultaneously, or with theelectrical discharge occurring slightly before the application ofpressure.PERLITEPerlite is the lamellar aggregate of ferrite and iron carbide resultingfrom the direct transformation of austenite at the lower critical point.PITCHCenter to center spacing of welds.PLUG WELDA weld is made in a hole in one member of a lap joint, joining thatmember to that portion of the surface of the other member which isexposed through the hole. The walls of the hole may or may not beparallel, and the hole may be partially or completely filled with theweld metal.142POKE WELDINGA spot welding process in which pressure is applied manually to oneelectrode.
The other electrode is clamped to any part of the metal muchin the same manner that arc welding is grounded.POROSITYThe presence of gas pockets or inclusions in welding.POSITIONS OF WELDINGAll welding is accomplished in one of four positions flat, horizontal,overhead, and vertical. The limiting angles of the various positionsdepend somewhat as to whether the weld is a fillet or groove weld.POSTHEATINGThe application of heat to an assembly after a welding, brazing,soldering, thermal spraying, or cutting operation.POSTWELD INTERVALIn resistance welding, the heat time between the end of weld time, orweld interval, and the start of hold time.
During this interval, the weldis subjected to mechanical and heat treatment.PREHEATINGThe application of heat to a base metal prior to a welding or cuttingoperation.PRESSURE CONTROLLED WELDINGThe making of a number of spot or projection welds in which severalelectrodes function progressively under the control of a pressuresequencing device.PRESSURE WELDINGAny welding process or method in which pressure is used to completethe weld.PREWELD INTERVALIn spot, projection, and upset welding, the time between the end ofsqueeze time and the start of weld time or weld interval during whichthe material is preheated.
In flash welding, it is the time during whichthe material is preheated.PROCEDURE QUALIFICATIONThe demonstration that welds made by a specific procedure can meetprescribed standards.PROJECTION WELDINGA resistance welding process between two or more surfaces or betweenthe ends of one member and the surface of another. The welds arelocalized at predetermined points or projections.143PULSATION WELDINGA spot, projection, or seam welding process in which the weldingcurrent is interrupted one or more times without the release of pressureor change of location of electrodes.PUSH WELDINGThe making of a spot or projection weld in which the force is apingcurrent is interrupted one or more times without the release of pressureor change of location of electrodes.PUSH WELDINGThe making of a spot or projection weld in which the force is appliedmanually to one electrode and the work or a backing bar takes theplace of the other electrode.QUENCHINGThe sudden cooling of heated metal with oil, water, or compressed air.REACTION STRESSThe residual stress which could not otherwise exist if the members orparts being welded were isolated as free bodies without connection toother parts of the structure.REDUCING FLAMESee CARBONIZING FLAME.REGULATORA device used to reduce cylinder pressure to a suitable torch workingpressure.REINFORCED WELDThe weld metal built up above the surface of the two abutting sheets orplates in excess of that required for the size of the weld specified.RESIDUAL STRESSStress remaining in a structure or member as a result of thermal and/ormechanical treatment.RESISTANCE BRAZINGA brazing process in which bonding is produced by the heat obtainedfrom resistance to the flow of electric current in a circuit of which theworkpiece is a part, and by using a nonferrous filler metal having amelting point above 800 °F (427 °C), but below that of the base metals.The filler metal is distributed in the joint by capillary attraction.RESISTANCE BUTT WELDINGA group of resistance welding processes in which the weld occurssimultaneously over the entire contact area of the parts being joined.144RESISTANCE WELDINGA group of welding processes in which fusion is produced by heatobtained from resistance to the flow of electric current in a circuit ofwhich the workpiece is a part and by the application of pressure.REVERSE POLARITYThe arrangement of direct current arc welding leads in which the workis the negative pole and the electrode is the positive pole of thewelding arc.ROCKWELL HARDNESS TESTIn this test a machine measures hardness by determining the depth ofpenetration of a penetrator into the specimen under certain arbitraryfixed conditions of test.
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