Гричин С.В., Ульянова О.В. - Английский язык для инженеров сварочного производства (1044906), страница 21
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Deutsche Industrie – Normen Немецкиепромышленные стандартыinside dimensions внутренние размерыдвойной изгиб, U-образное колено, двойноеколеношлифовкасварной шовприсадочная проволока1) пильное полотно, пильная лента; 2)ленточная пила, дисковая пила; 3) режущийдиск1) отточка косая; 2) угол фаски; 3)фацетирование1) возможности; 2) рабочие характеристики8Find the English equivalents in the text for the following wordcombinations.противоречить законам физики, обращаться вокруг обрабатываемойдетали, иметь первостепенное значение, контроль сварочной ванны,красивый внешний вид сварного шва, гладкий и ровный проход призаварке корня шва, шлифовка вручную, приемлемый допуск,недопустимое качество сварки, квалифицированный сварщик,содержание серы, механическая прочность, искусственный спутник,система высокой очистки воды, обязательное условие.9Characterize orbital welding by filling in the right side of thefollowing table.ParameterPrinciple of the processDescriptionAn arc travels circumferentiallyaround a work piece (usually a tube orpipe).CategoryApplication areasLimitations11410Say if the following is true or false.1.
Orbital Welding is a process, where the arc travels at least 360 degreesaround the work piece with some interruptions.2. MIG/MAG welding, using the down-hand welding sequence in 2 halfcircles, refers to orbital welding.3. Puddle control is very important for Orbital welding.4. The number of Orbit Welding users stays the same for a long period oftime.5.
Aerospace industry is the only area of Orbital Welding application.6. Joint preparation is not necessary.7. Orbital-welding-system is very fast and cheap.8. Filler-wire is used for all wall thickness applications.Speaking11Describe Orbital welding by completing the following sentence.1. The term Orbital comes from the Latin word ORBIS and means … .
2. TheOrbital Welding is a process in which an arc travels … . 3. By category itbelongs to … . 4. It is practiced only with … . 5.Orbital-welding is presentlyused in such areas as … . 6. It is used to produce … . 7. The basic rules forthis process are … . 8. Absolute tolerances in Orbital-Welding Process areimportant because … . 9. Wall-thickness of 4 mm is possible … .
10. Jointpreparation includes … . 11. Orbital-multi-pass-welding is rather expensiveand its use is only justified when … . 12. Filler-wire is necessary to use only… .Reading 312You will read an interview with industry leaders who speak aboutfuture of welding.Before you read predict which processes will be used more and which less inthe future. Then read the text and compare our predictions with those in thetext.ØØØØØplasma arc weldinggas tungsten arc welding (GTAW)continuous wire processes (FCAW, GMAW)laser beam welding processfriction stir welding115Ø shielded metal arc welding (SMAW)Ø resistance welding gas metal arc (GMAW)Ø capacitor discharge weldingWelding Forges into the FutureAnswers from a survey of industry leaders give valuable feeedback on thestate of welding for the year 2000 and beyond.By Andrew Cullision and Mary Ruth JohnsonThe pulse of the welding community beats strongly heading into the21st century and overall projections for the future are generally optimistic,but a few gray clouds roam the horizon.
Those sentiments were expressed byrespondents to a recent Welding Journal survey. To get a firm feel for thatpulse of present and future conditions in the world of welding, the Editorsqueried AWS Sustaining Member companies, which include producers of avariety of welded products, providers of research and design services andmanufacturers of welding equipment, consumables and accessories.The Editors would like to thank all those who took the time to putdown their thoughts and ideas on paper. The responses were diverse, directand, most of all, very interesting. Those questions and a summary of theiranswers are presented below.- Do you believe welding will be used more or less in the nextdecade? If more, where do you see the growth? If less, why do youbelieve so?The majority of respondents feel welding is here to stay and will beused more in the future, although many qualified their answers, and therewere a few dissenting voices as well.
Steve Sumner, manager marketingproduct development, Lincoln Electric Co., replied positively, "Welding willcontinue to be used more in the future because it has proven to be aproductive and cost-effective way to join metals." He went on to speculatethat "the consumer welding market will continue to provide opportunities forgrowth," with home improvement and the retail infrastructure to support itbecoming a "burgeoning market." One respondent felt that for costcompetitive reasons industry will continue to replace mechanical joining withsemiautomatic and automatic joining processes, giving a definite boost towelding.
David Landon, corporate welding engineer, Vermeer ManufacturingCo., said, "More, because welding is the most effective way to join materialsfor structural integrity. Growth will be in alternative materials such asplastics, composites and new alloys." Phil Plotica, senior V.P., sales and116marketing North America, ESAB Welding and Cutting Products, replied,"Overall, I expect welding growth will keep pace with growth in the GNP.Some specialized segments, such as aluminum, will grow faster than others,while the continuing developments in nonmetallic materials will slow somesegments."The feeling that growth will be in specialized areas was repeated often.Areas that were mentioned included welding automation, GTA weldingbecause of the increasing need for accuracy and precision in welding newmetals; GMA welding with mixed gas shielding; sheet metal industry;construction industry; infrastructure repair; transportation industry; marinestructures; aerospace; and automotive, especially its use of aluminum alloys.Some feel the growth will primarily be in countries with emergingeconomies, while the growth in the United States will be relatively stagnant.Terry O'Connell, V.P.
sales and marketing, Genesis Systems Group,commented, "The U.S. welding market is flat to declining. Growth isexpected in Mexico and other developing countries. Labor shortages in theU.S. will contribute to a steady growth in the robotic welding market." JoeScott, president, Devasco International, Inc., echoed the sentiment, "Less inthe U.S. with expectations of a slight decline in the economy, as well as thecontinuing transition to a service/information economy.
Outside the U.S.,growth is expected as economic stability returns to troubled regions and theirneed for infrastructure grows."The perspective of some, though, is that welding will be used less inthe future. Chris Anderson, product manager, Motoman, Inc., opined, "Therewill be less welding in the next decade. The number of welded products willremain the same, but designs will be more efficient to minimize the amountof welding."- Which welding process(es) will see an increase in use and which will seea decrease in use during the next decade?There was much speculation as to which processes would see more usein the future, but almost unanimously the process chosen for decline wasshielded metal arc welding (SMAW).
A very few speculated a decline in theuse of gas metal arc (GMAW) and gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW).A significant group felt the continuous wire processes (FCAW,GMAW) would experience the most use. The GTAW process was the nextmost mentioned. One of the reasons stated for its increase was "the need forhigh-quality work on thin materials."Don Connell, welding engineer, Detroit Edison, stated, "Any processthat can be automated will increase." Landon also had the same perspective,"GMAW will increase along with automation." But he also speculated,"Low-fume generating processes will increase." The concept of increased use117of automation at the expense of semiautomatic operation was voicedthroughout.The laser beam welding process was mentioned for future growth, andthe specialized process friction stir welding was also targeted for expandeduse. Other processes mentioned for increased use were resistance welding,plasma arc welding and capacitor discharge welding.- Do you foresee a shortage of skilled welders in your area of businessduring 1999; in the next decade?Without question, the majority of replies indicated there is a shortagenow and there will be a shortage in the future.
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