Гричин С.В., Ульянова О.В. - Английский язык для инженеров сварочного производства (1044906), страница 24
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In alloys, it is the metal present in thelargest proportion.BEAD WELDA type of weld composed of one or more string or weave beadsdeposited on an unbroken surface.BEADINGSee STRING BEAD WELDING and WEAVE BEAD.BEVEL ANGLEThe angle formed between the prepared edge of a member and a planeperpendicular to the surface of the member.BLACKSMITH WELDINGSee FORGE WELDING.BLOCK BRAZINGA brazing process in which bonding is produced by the heat obtainedfrom heated blocks applied to the parts to be joined and by a127nonferrous filler metal having a melting point above 800 °F (427 °C),but below that of the base metal.
The filler metal is distributed in thejoint by capillary attraction.BLOCK SEQUENCEA building up sequence of continuous multipass welds in whichseparated lengths of the weld are completely or partially built upbefore intervening lengths are deposited. See BUILDUP SEQUENCE.BLOW HOLEsee GAS POCKET.BONDThe junction of the welding metal and the base metal.BOXINGThe operation of continuing a fillet weld around a corner of a memberas an extension of the principal weld.BRAZINGA group of welding processes in which a groove, fillet, lap, or flangejoint is bonded by using a nonferrous filler metal having a meltingpoint above 800 °F (427 °C), but below that of the base metals.
Fillermetal is distributed in the joint by capillary attraction.BRAZE WELDINGA method of welding by using a filler metal that liquefies above 450°C(842 °F) and below the solid state of the base metals. Unlike brazing,in braze welding, the filler metal is not distributed in the joint bycapillary action.BRIDGINGA welding defect caused by poor penetration. A void at the root of theweld is spanned by weld metal.BUCKLINGDistortion caused by the heat of a welding process.BUILDUP SEQUENCEThe order in which the weld beads of a multipass weld are depositedwith respect to the cross section of a joint. See BLOCK SEQUENCE.BUTT JOINTA joint between two workpieces in such a manner that the weld joiningthe parts is between the surface planes of both of the pieces joined.BUTT WELDA weld in a butt joint.BUTTER WELDA weld caused of one or more string or weave beads laid down on anunbroken surface to obtain desired properties or dimensions.128CAPILLARY ATTRACTIONThe phenomenon by which adhesion between the molten filler metaland the base metals, together with surface tension of the molten fillermetal, causes distribution of the filler metal between the properly fittedsurfaces of the joint to be brazed.CARBIDE PRECIPITATIONA condition occurring in austenitic stainless steel which containscarbon in a supersaturated solid solution.
This condition is unstable.Agitation of the steel during welding causes the excess carbon insolution to precipitate. This effect is also called weld decay.CARBON-ARC CUTTINGA process of cutting metals with the heat of an arc between a carbonelectrode and the work.CARBON-ARC WELDINGA welding process in which fusion is produced by an arc between acarbon electrode and the work.
Pressure and/or filler metal and/orshielding may or may not be used.CARBONIZING FLAMEAn oxyacetylene flame in which there is an excess of acetylene. Alsocalled excess acetylene or reducing flame.CASCADE SEQUENCE Subsequent beads are stopped short of a previousbead, giving a cascade effect.CASE HARDENINGA process of surface hardening involving a change in the compositionof the outer layer of an iron base alloy by inward diffusion from a gasor liquid, followed by appropriate thermal treatment. Typicalhardening processes are carbonizing, cyaniding, carbonitriding, andnitriding.CHAIN INTERMITTENT FILLET WELDSTwo lines of intermittent fillet welds in a T or lap joint in which thewelds in one line are approximately opposite those in the other line.CHAMFERINGThe preparation of a welding contour, other than for a square grooveweld, on the edge of a joint member.COALESCENCEThe uniting or fusing of metals upon heating.COATED ELECTRODEAn electrode having a flux applied externally by dipping, spraying,painting, or other similar methods.
Upon burning, the coat produces agas which envelopes the arc.129COMMUTORY CONTROLLED WELDINGThe making of a number of spot or projection welds in which severalelectrodes, in simultaneous contact with the work, progressivelyfunction under the control of an electrical commutating device.COMPOSITE ELECTRODEA filler metal electrode used in arc welding, consisting of more thanone metal component combined mechanically. It may or may notinclude materials that improve the properties of the weld, or stabilizethe arc.COMPOSITE JOINTA joint in which both a thermal and mechanical process are used tounite the base metal parts.CONCAVITYThe maximum perpendicular distance from the face of a concave weldto a line joining the toes.CONCURRENT HEATINGSupplemental heat applied to a structure during the course of welding.CONEThe conical part of a gas flame next to the orifice of the tip.CONSUMABLE INSERTPreplaced filler metal which is completely fused into the root of thejoint and becomes part of the weld.CONVEXITYThe maximum perpendicular distance from the face of a convex filletweld to a line joining the toes.CORNER JOINTA joint between two members located approximately at right angles toeach other in the form of an L.COVER GLASSA clear glass used in goggles, hand shields, and helmets to protect thefilter glass from spattering material.COVERED ELECTRODEA metal electrode with a covering material which stabilizes the arc andimproves the properties of the welding metal.
The material may be anexternal wrapping of paper, asbestos, and other materials or a fluxcovering.CRACKA fracture type discontinuity characterized by a sharp tip and high ratioof length and width to opening displacement.CRATERA depression at the termination of an arc weld.130CRITICAL TEMPERATUREThe transition temperature of a substance from one crystalline form toanother.CURRENT DENSITYAmperes per square inch of the electrode cross sectional area.CUTTING TIPA gas torch tip especially adapted for cutting.CUTTING TORCHA device used in gas cutting for controlling the gases used forpreheating and the oxygen used for cutting the metal.CYLINDERA portable cylindrical container used for the storage of a compressedgas.DEFECTA discontinuity or discontinuities which, by nature or accumulatedeffect (for example, total crack length), render a part or product unableto meet the minimum applicable acceptance standards orspecifications.
This term designates rejectability.DEPOSITED METALFiller metal that has been added during a welding operation.DEPOSITION EFFICIENCYThe ratio of the weight of deposited metal to the net weight ofelectrodes consumed, exclusive of stubs.DEPTH OF FUSIONThe distance from the original surface of the base metal to that point atwhich fusion ceases in a welding operation.DIEa. Resistance Welding. A member, usually shaped to the work contour,used to clamp the parts being welded and conduct the welding current.b. Forge Welding. A device used in forge welding primarily to formthe work while hot and apply the necessary pressure.DIE WELDINGA forge welding process in which fusion is produced by heating in afurnace and by applying pressure by means of dies.DIP BRAZINGA brazing process in which bonding is produced by heating in a moltenchemical or metal bath and by using a nonferrous filler metal having amelting point above 800 °F (427 °C), but below that of the base metals.The filler metal is distributed in the joint by capillary attraction.
Whena metal bath is used, the bath provides the filler metal.131DIRECT CURRENT ELECTRODE NEGATIVE (DCEN)The arrangement of direct current arc welding leads in which the workis the positive pole and the electrode is the negative pole of thewelding arc.DIRECT CURRENT ELECTRODE POSITIVE (DCEP)The arrangement of direct current arc welding leads in which the workis the negative pole and the electrode is the positive pole of thewelding arc.DISCONTINUITYAn interruption of the typical structure of a weldment, such as lack ofhomogeneity in the mechanical, metallurgical, or physicalcharacteristics of the material or weldment. A discontinuity is notnecessarily a defect.DRAGThe horizontal distance between the point of entrance and the point ofexit of a cutting oxygen stream.DUCTILITYThe property of a metal which allows it to be permanently deformed,in tension, before final rupture.
Ductility is commonly evaluated bytensile testing in which the amount of elongation and the reduction ofarea of the broken specimen, as compared to the original test specimen,are measured and calculated.DUTY CYCLEThe percentage of time during an arbitrary test period, usually 10minutes, during which a power supply can be operated at its ratedoutput without overloading.EDGE JOINTA joint between the edges of two or more parallel or nearly parallelmembers.EDGE PREPARATIONThe contour prepared on the edge of a joint member for welding.EFFECTIVE LENGTH OF WELDThe length of weld throughout which the correctly proportioned crosssection exits.ELECTRODEa.
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