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Point out that the writer gives a simple♦ TipGet st u d e n ts to practise sa ying emailad dre sses ou t loud:explanation, followed by a suggestion (Try -ing). Point out that theexpression That should work is different in m eaning from the use of shouldas advice. Here it m eans I think for hope) that it will work.
Mention the use ofRegards, which is commonly used in emails, som etim es abbreviated toRgds.3 Get students to read the email and then compose a reply. Point out thefriendly use of Hi and Cheers (which can m ean Thanks).su pp ort a t lo u d p la y d o t coms a m f a t b lu e g ra ss d o t comlilly q a t s o jo m a il d o t comTo clarify th e spelling and sp a c in g (which isvery im portant in em ail a d d re sse s ) th espeaker m ay says a m f - t h a t ’s o n e w o rd - a t b lu eg ra ss - allone w o r d - d o t comlilly q - o n e w o rd - a t so jo m a il - th a t's S-O-JO-m ail - a ll o n e w o rd - d o t comRefer st u d e n t s toSym bols a n d c h a ra c te rs ta b le on p.114.O-w Possible answersTo: lillyq@sojomail.comFrom: support@loudplay.comDear LillyAll our clips are in Windows Media format so check you have WindowsMedia Player installed.
If you’re sure you have it, check your system soundsettings.Try turning up the sound. If that doesn’t work, try turning up thesound on your media player.RegardsCustomer supportPairworkIn pairs, get students to complete their table by asking each otherquestions. When they have finished, get them to check their answers bylooking at each other's information.KeywordsGo through the list of words to check students’ pronunciation andunderstanding. Refer them to the Glossary if necessary.50 Unit 12BackgroundInformation Technology (IT) is the application ofcom puters to all aspects of technology. In this unit, thefocus is on applications in car m anufacturing.
Computersare involved in every stage of car manufacture, includingdesign, machining, assembly, ordering of parts, qualitycontrol, and distribution of the finished vehicle. To testvehicle safety, computers can simulate the effect of acrash test, which is much cheaper than crashing realvehicles. Computers can also simulate different assemblym ethods so that the best can be put into practice. Theyallow designs to be changed and defects (faults) correctedeasily and quickly. They allow designs to be customized(m anufactured following a customer's individualspecifications).CAD (Computer-aided design) has replaced working withpaper and m aking m odels from wood, clay, or polystyrene(see Unit 3). CAD program s allow 3-D (three-dimensional)im ages to be produced on screen.
Dimensions can becalculated easily and the forces acting on different partsof the structure can be shown. The data can be sent to arapid modelling device which will produce a solid model.Once the design has been approved, the complete CAD fileis imported into a CAM (Computer-aided m anufacture)program, where the m achining operations are planned.This data is then converted into a set of instructions whichcan be read by a CNC (Computer num erical control)controller.
This autom ates all the machine tools whichm anufacture the product. This whole computerizedprocess from design to m anufacture is known asCADCAM.The term CIM (Computer-integrated m anufacturing)includes CADCAM but takes the process even further. InCIM, all aspects of m anufacturing including the supply ofparts to quality assurance is computer controlled. Thispermits faster production times, a dramatic decrease inthe number of workers required, and a lower risk ofhum an error. CIM also allows m anufacturers to move partof their operation to countries where costs are lower. Forexample, design may take place in one country andm anufacturing in another. Where internationalcollaboration involves different national companies in asingle project, such as the Airbus, CIM enables parts to bedesigned and m anufactured in different countries thentransported to another location for final assembly.In everyday personal computing, computers are attachedto a range of peripherals (external devices).
Some of theseare input devices (which feed information into thecomputer, such as scanner, web camera, joypad, mouse,and so on. A wi-fi m ouse communicates wirelessly withthe computer). Output devices (which carry informationout of the computer) include printers (laser, inkjet, or dotmatrix), and flatscreen monitors. Some peripherals areboth input and output, such as voice-over internetprotocol (VoIP) phones.Switch on1 Get students to work in pairs and brainstorm ideas.2 Get students to do the matching exercise individually or in pairs.O-w7,14,8a6,13,5b1,8,5 c3,10d4,15 e9f2,16 h12,8 i11j3 Get students to work individually to make a list of uses for computers intheir area of technology, then share their ideas with the rest of the class.♦ TipBrE spelling p r o g r a m is only usedreferring to a c o m p u te r program (code)BrE spelling p ro g ra m m e is used for othercontexts, such a s a stu d y pr o g r a m m e(course) or a TV or radio p r o g r a m m eAmE u ses th e spelling p ro g ra m for allcontextsReadingCADCAM1 Get students to discuss this briefly with their partner.
Then check theanswers with the whole class.O-w 2-D and 3-D CAD CAMsimulated crashCIM2 Ask each student, working individually, to note down what they think theterm s mean. Then get them to scan the text quickly to find the answers.O-w 1 Computer-aided design2 Computer-aided manufacturing3 Computer-integrated manufacturing4 Computer-numerical control3 Tell students to read the text more carefully and write a set of short notes,each one beginning with a verb as in the example.
Then discuss answerswith the class.O-w calculate forces from a designsimulate crash-testingsimulate assemblycontrol machine toolscontrol the assembly linemonitorsupplies□ Additional activity(stro n g er s tu d e n ts )order new suppliescontrol robotsinspectthefinished vehiclecheck paint thicknesscheck how well the doors fit4 Get students to read the text again and do this task individually. Do the firstone with the class as an example.In sm all g r o u p s, a s k s t u d e n t s to c o n sid e rthis qu estio n : H o w a re c o m p u te r s in v o lv e din the sa le s, lic e n s in g , d a ily u se, se rv ic in g ,and sc ra p p in g o f c a rs ? A s a r e su lt o f th ediscussion, t h e y s h o u l d p r o d u c e a list o fuses in n o t e fo rm , a n d t h e n s o m em em b ers o f t h e g r o u p s h o u l d give a sh o r tex pla nation to t h e re st o f t h e clas s,referring only to th e ir n o tes.
(Tell th egroups n o t to w r it e o u t th e w h o leexplanation.)♦TipTop marginDiscuss t h e q u o te . A s k s t u d e n t s to f in d ou thow oth er I n f o r m a t i o n T e c h n o lo g yc o m pan ies c a m e u p w i t h t h e ir n a m e s , e.g.the n a m e G o o g le o r i g i n a t e d f r o m am isspe llin g o f g o o g o l w h i c h refe rs to 10100(a 1 follo w ed b y o n e - h u n d r e d zeros).O-w Past1designs produced on paperdimensions calculated bymeasuringmodels made by handreal cars crash-testedwelding done by handcars inspected by peoplesupplies ordered by staffpainting done by workersPresentdesigns produced by CAD programsdimensions calculated byCAD softwaremodels made by rapid modelling devicessimulated cars crash-testedwelding done by robotscars inspected by robotssupplies ordered by computerpainting done by robotsLanguage spotPast PassiveRefer to Grammar reference p.121 for more background information aboutthe use of the Past Passive.
Point out that the Passive is used because thespeaker or writer w ants to focus our attention on the process or actionrather than who or w hat carries out the action.1 Get students to do this exercise individually in writing based on the table inReading 4.□ Additional activity(w e a k e r s t u d e n t s )G et s t u d e n t s in g r o u p s to b r a i n s t o r m a listo f s i m p l e ac t iv itie s w h i c h h a v e c h a n g e dover t i m e . Tell t h e m to w r it e sh o r t n o t e sa b o u t t h e p a s t a n d p r e s e n t in t w oc o lu m n s .
(This w i ll b e si m i l a r to t h e o n e inR e a d in g 4, b u t u s i n g e v e r y d a y co ntexts.)For e x a m p l e :PastOtt 12345678Designs were produced on paper.Dimensions were calculated by measuring.Models were made by hand.Real cars were crash-tested.Welding was done by hand.Cars were inspected by people.Supplies were ordered by staff.Painting was done by workers.P resentrid e h o rse sd r iv e c a rsc o o k m e a ls o n f i r e sc o o k m e a ls in o v e n s2 Get students to do this individually in writing. Tell them to add the secondhalf to each sentence they wrote in the previous exercise.T h e n t h e y t a k e t u r n s to s a y si m p l ed i a l o g u e s b a s e d o n th e ta b le :O-ir 2 Dimensions were calculated by measuring but now they are calculatedA In t h e p a s t , p e o p le ro d e h o rse s.by CAD software.3 Models were made by hand but now they are made by rapidmodelling devices.4 Real cars were crash-tested but now simulated cars are crash-tested.5 Welding was done by hand but now it is done by robots.6 Cars were inspected by people but now they are inspected by robots.7 Supplies were ordered by staff but now they a re ordered by computer.8 Painting was done by workers but now it is done by robots.B B u t n o w , t h e y d r iv e ca rs.W h e r e a p p r o p r ia t e , t h e y s h o u l d u s e th eP a st P assive:A In th e o ld d a y s, m e a ls w e re c o o k e do n f ir e s .B B u t n o w , t h e y 'r e c o o k e d in o v e n s.Check t h e g r o u p s ' lists fo r si m p l i c it yb e fo r e t h e y b e g i n t h e d i a lo g u e s .ListeningDescribing changes1Ask students to read the information about Laura Santini, and get themto suggest any changes which they think have taken place in the foodindustry.
Then get students to listen and note down the six changesmentioned.Ott21 Cans made from two pieces, not three2 Faster process3 Less metal used4 Pull tabson all our range5 Labels printed onto the can6 Half the workforceWhen they have all completed their notes, get them to compare theiranswers with their partner, and make any necessary changes. Then playthe recording again while they look at their notes.It’s my job1 In pairs get students to discuss the questions.
Do not correct their answersbut get them to check their answers in the reading text.2 Get students to write the answers to the questions. Check their answers.O-w 123456Through an agencyYou have to deal with people’s emotions in addition to technical problems.Frustrated and angryYou learn people-handling skills and quick thinking.It’s not well paid.It’s better paid,you deal with people face-to-face, and the work ismore interesting.7 Manufacturers’ web sites and newsgroups8 It’s good for her future career.Information technology 533 Do this orally with the whole class.O-sr a soft skillsb trouble-shootingc face-to-faced taking callsCustomer careWorking on a help deskI Check that students understand the functions of the term s on the form.Next to Advice given they write a brief note explaining what advice theyhave given to the customer.
If the problem is solved on the phone, theydelete No next to Cleared by phone. If not, and a technician needs to visit thecustomer, they delete No next to Requires visit.ZGet students to listen and complete the form. If they cannot complete itwith a single listening, play the recording again.PrinterAccountsHPLaserJet 2400Not printing following a paper jamCheck Status and Purge Print DocumentYesNoO tt ItemLocationMakeModelProblemAdvice givenCleared by phoneRequires visit3 Get them to role-play the help desk technician and the customer, usingthe form.4 When they have finished 3, get them to read the Listening script on p.128and note down any useful phrases.*TipVocabularyTop marginCollocationsDiscuss th e qu ote. Read th e m th e s e otherquotes a b o u t Information Technology th a t1 Get students to match A and B.were also inaccurate.‘There is no r easo n for any individual toO-ithave a c o m p u te r in his h om e.’ Ken Olsen,President Digital E qu ipm ent'640k o u g h t to be e n o u g h for anyone.’ Billclick on + an iconscroll up / down + a pagecalculate + costssurf+theW ebdisplay + informationselect from + a menucreate + a new documentGates'I think th ere is a world m arket for m ayb efive co m p u te rs .’T h o m a s J .
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