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Have you all signed in? Construction sites aredangerous places.You must wear a hard hat andyellow vest all the time you're on site.Can youadjust the internal band of your hard hat now,please?Make sure it fits. Look up, look down. Check itdoesn't fall off.tt(í You,vebeen told to wear boots.If anyone is wearingt Work in pairs. Study the picture of a group of civilengineering students who are visiting a constructionsite.Discuss what regulations they might be breakingand why they could be in danger.traÍnersor soft shoes,they can't go on the tour. Theremay be nails or spills anywhere. Please don't carryany loose papers with you. It'squite windy today,and I don't want papers blowing round the site.Youcan take pictures but no flash photography on any ofthe floor levels.It can distract.ttííLook out for the guys with the forklifts. Their eyesare on the load,they're not looking out forpedestrians.Don,t pick anythÍngup - it might cut orburn.
Always keep with the group and make sureyou sign out at the end ofthe tour! ttRegulationReasonWeara hard hatandyellow vest.Constructionsitesare dangerous.Youmust protectyour head and bevisibleat all times.7 2 U n i t9$somProjectedcost ofthe Empirestatebuildingin NewYorkm$41ActualcostPronunciationPairworkStressin longwords(1)Work in pairs,A and B.I Q nsten to the wordsfrom this and earlierunits.Write the numberof svllablesin eachword.g precautiona aluminium4Each ofyou has two texts about foundation types.Match your texts to the diagrams below.
Use theinformation to explain to your partner how these typesof foundations operate.b componenth prefabricated -c constructioni reinforcedStudent Ad defectivej skyscraperStudent Be installedk temperatures -Piles onbedrockI visibilityReinforced concrete or steel piles which rest onbedrock. Suitable when bedrock is near the surface.fpoweredPut the words below in columns 1-3 of the tableaccording to their stress pattern. All the words are usedinthis book.appropriateautomaticdesignateddevelopingemergencies1 oOooexplorationgeneratorhelicopterhorizontalkilometre2 ooOooperatorpolystyreneregulationsupermarketunfamiliar3 Oooo3 f) Now listen and checkyour answers.Goto p.112.Splayedbase piersReinforced concrete piles with expanded or splayedends.These spread the weight of the building over alarger area.Used when bedrock is not near the surfacebut where there is a layer of firm soil near the surface.H i g hl i v i n g s: k y s c r a p e r s7 3ChecklistAssessyour progressin this unit.Tick(/) the statementswhich aretrue.I k n o wk e y t e r m su s e di n s k y s c r a p e rconstructionI c a nd e s c r i b es a f e t ys i g n sa n d g i v esafetyadviceWebquestI know how to stresslong wordsComplete the table by finding out information aboutthe tallest building in your country,as well as the tentallest buildings in the world.Country Building Heightn a m ea n dplaceYoursFloorsYearcompletedM y r e a d i n ga n d l i s t e n i n ga r eg o o de n o u g ht o u n d e r s t a n dm o s to f e a c ht e x ti n t h i su n i tKeywordsAdjectivesflammableprefabricatedAdverboff-siteNounsoonuscladdingdeckingformergirderg r in d e rg u ar dlifelinepilesafetyharnesssroreyVerbbuckleN o t eh e r ea n y t h i n ga b o u th o w E n g l i s hi s u s e di n t e c h n o l o g y t h aits n e w t o y o u .10These sites may help:w w w .
t i n y ur l .c o m / n u z dbw w w .s K y s c r a p e r p ga e . c o m7 4 U n i t1 0Switchon1 Look at the diagram of an artificial heart system,and answer the questions.heart for?1 What kind of patient Ísthe artÍficÍaiARTIFICIAL HEARTMECHANISM2 What does the artificial heart contain?3 Why are there two batteries?4 How is the internal batterycharged?5 What is the controller for?,/,/./.,/lWIRELESS ENERGYTRANSFER SYSTEM/ilEXTERNALBATTERY PACKINTERNALINTERNAL CONTROLLER UNIT2 Now read the text and check your answers.AbioCor artificial he artThe AbioCor is an artificial heart made of titanium and plastic.It isfor patients with very serious heart problems who are waiting for aheart transplant.It contains a hydraulic pump and a valve which lets the hydraulicfluid move from one side of the heart to the other.When the fluidmoves to the right, blood is pumped to the lungs.
When the fluidmoves to the left,blood is pumped to the rest of the body.The system has two batteries:one internal, inside the patient's body,and one external.The internal battery lasts up to forty minutes. Thisis long enough for the patient to have a shower or to change theexternal battery.The externai battery lasts four to five hours.The external battery provides power using a wireless energy transfersystem.A coi] on the patient's skin induces power in a coil insÍdethebody.ThÍsoperatesthe controller and chargesthe internal battery'The controller contains a microprocessorwhich decidesthe bestheart rate for the patient at any time.RECHARGEABLEBATTERYM e d i c a l t e c h n o l o g y7 5Inthis unito k e yt e r m si n m e d i c atl e c h n o l o g yo d e f i n i n gr e l a t i v ec l a u s e so l o c a t i n gi n f o r m a t i o ni n a d i a g r a ma n d t e x to l i s t e n i n gf o r d e t a i lo h o wt o l i n kw o r d sw h e n s p e a k i n go w r i t i n ga s h o r td e s c r i p t i o nIt'smy jobI Make definitions of each person or device in column Aof the table by matching them with the informati.onincolumnB.EXAMPLElnI A hearí'ngaid is a devicewhich helpsdeaf people.h e a r i n ga i dappliees ngineeringp r i n c i p l etso m e d i c a lproblemsX-raytechnicianh e l p sp e o p l ew i t hd a m a g e dk i d n e y sBeforeyou Iisten,discuss with your partner possibieanswers to the questions.1 What is E AT 7 (A =Assistive)2 Name three ways in which severelydisabled peoplecan operate equipment.3 What are the three branches of engineering whichmake up mechatronics?4 What doesapage-turner do?5 Howdoes apneumaticswitchwork?Q trlowlisten to Phillipe Rugeri,a MechatronicsEngíneer,and check your answers'o LanguagespotRelativeclausesStudy these examples:A pacemaker is a devicefor people.Thepeople have heartproblems.We can join these sentencesiike this:A pacemaker Ísa devicefor people who haveheart problems.The part in bold is a relative clause.Itadds importantinformation - defining or telling us exactly who thepeople are.In the relative clause you replace Thepeoplewith who.
Whois used for a person or people.Now study these examples:A page turner is a device.The deviceturns the pages oJ booksor magazines.We can join these sentenceslike this:A page-turner is a devicewhich turns the pages of booksormagazines.WhÍchis used for things.)) Go to Grammar reference p.1203 X - r a yc a m e r ap e o p l ec an u s et oc a l l f o rh e l pi n a nemergency4 labt e c h n i c inat a k e s3 - Di m a g e so ft h e b r a i na n d o t h e ro r g an s5 kidneymachinep e r s o nw h oh e l p sp e o p l ew h oc a n n o tw a l k6 personalalarmd e v i c ew h i c hh e l p sp e o p l ew i t hh e a r tp r o b l e m s7 bioengineerw o r k si n a s c i e n t i f i claboratory8 CATscannerh e l p sd e a fp e o p l e9 pacemakers p e c i a l i z ei ns t a k i n gandprocessingX-rays10 wheelchairt a k e sp i c t u r e so fb o n e sa n d o r g a n si nthe body7 6 U n i t1 0Gadgetboxt ,'..".\.!ü.i.rYRP6(RemotePresence)is the U K'sfirst robotdoctor.lt a llowsdoctorsanywherein the worldto communicatedirectlywithpatientsin their hospitalbeds.Therobotis controlledbythedoctorusinga joystick.lt is fittedwith a cameraso that thedoctorcan examinethe patient.What arethe advantagesand disadvantagesofthe robotdoctorTProblem-solving2 Look at the pictures of the Uitracane.Who do you thinkwill use it? How do you think it works?Put devices a-e in order ofhow useful they are to ablind person (1= most useful, 5 = least useful).Thenwork in small groups,and compare your answers.Tryto agreeon the best order.a a scanner which reads books and documents outloud b a voice-operatedcomputer c a global positioning device which tells you whereyou are with an accuracy of + 3 metres d a fridge which reports when food is past its sell-bydate e software which allows your computer to readonscreen information out loud Usefullanguage3 pitttfre gaps in the description of the Ultracane withinformation a-g.
Add who when the informationdescribespeople.Add whichfor things.DÍsagreementI don't really agreewÍthyou.I don't think you're quite right.a inventedthecaneAgreementThat sounds like a good idea.I think so too.b calculatesthe position and size ofthe objectc areneartheblindpersond havetriedthe canePersuasionIsn'tX more useful than Y?e helps blind people to avoÍdobstaclesin their pathfcannot see wellg are for objectsinfront and overhead1often use a cane to feel their way when walking. The2.It uses echo-location,like a bat,to detect obiectsBlind peopleor peopleUltracane is a new type of canearound the blind person.Some people call it the Batcane.Thecane transmits ultrasound signals.These are3.Sensorson the cane receivethe reflectedsignals which arereflectedby objectspassedto a microprocessor4There are four buttons on the handle ofthe cane - the twos are on the top, and the twowhich are for objectson the left and right are on the back.These buttons vibrate when an object is detected.Thelarger the object,the larger the vibration.People6say that with a little practicethey can use these vibrations to make a mentalmap of their surroundings as they walk.
Becausethe cane uses vÍbrations,not noise,they can also use their ears for7are now planningadditional information about their surroundings.The engineersnew uses of echo-locationto helo the blind.M e d i c a l t e c h n o l o g7y7VocabularyStudy the extract from instructions for using a medicalinhaier. Discuss with your partner if these instructionsare easv to understand and follow.OppositesWhen a word and its opposÍteare often used together,try to rememberthem as a pair.Completethe missingwords (theyare all used in this book)1 backwardsa2b anticlockwise3Á inputc externald5 opene6f step-downgear7windltllatCustomercareGivingclearinstructionsH o w t o u s ey o u r r- n h a l e r ^waythe r-rghtUsingan inholermoy seemslrnpie,but monypotlentsdo not use theirinholerin the rightwoy.lf you useyourinholerthe wrongwoy,/essmedicinegoes to your lungs.For the flrsttwo weeks,reodtheselnstructlons out loudos voufollowthem,Getting readyI Takeoffthecapandshakethe inhaler2 Breatheout allthe way.3Hold your inhalerin the correctway (seepicture)]Breathein slowly45As you start breathingin slowly through yourmouth.pressthe ,nhalerdown once,(lfyou usea space[Dressdown on the inha|erÍ]rst.Thenwithin íve seconds Startto breathe in s|ow|y.)Take as long a breath as you can,slowly.Hold your breath6 Holdyourbreathandcountslowlyto tenStudy the description of how to charge the batteries foran electric wheelchair.
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