N. Kryazheva - The United States and the United Kingdom. Past and Present (doc) (798446), страница 20
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Edinburgh is considered by some as one of the greenest and most architecturally beautiful cities in Europe often referred to as the "Athens of the North". The University plays an integral role in the city, contributing to its vibrant atmosphere.
Student organizations. "The Student" is a weekly Scottish newspaper produced by students at the University of Edinburgh. Founded in 1887 by author Robert Louis Stevenson, it is the oldest student newspaper in the United Kingdom. It has held the title of Best Student Newspaper in Scotland, awarded by the Herald Student Press Awards, for two years running, having won in 2006 and again in 2007.
Edinburgh University is one of Britain's most successful sporting universities. Student sport consists of 65 clubs from the traditional Football and Rugby to the more unconventional Hot Air Ballooning and Korfball.
There have been many notable alumni and faculty of the university, including Adam Smith, Gordon Brown, Alexander Graham Bell, Charles Darwin, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, David Hume, James Clerk Maxwell, Robert Louis Stevenson, Sir Michael Atiyah and Ian Wilmut. Lord John Russell also matriculated there but, did not graduate.
THE UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW
The University of Glasgow was founded in 1451, in Glasgow, Scotland. It is a renowned centre for teaching and research, with an international reputation, being one of the ancient universities of Scotland, the fourth oldest in the English-speaking world and amongst the largest, and most prestigious seats of learning in Europe. The University has recently been named the Sunday Times Scottish University of the Year, 2007/2008.
Faculties. There are currently nine faculties at Glasgow University. These are: Arts; Biomedical and Life Sciences; education (formed when the university merged with St. Andrews College of Education); Engineering; information and Mathematical Sciences; Law, Business and Social Sciences; Medicine (includes Dentistry and Nursing); Physical Sciences and Veterinary Medicine.
The Veterinary School is perhaps one of Glasgow's most famous faculties.
The Medical School is also one of Glasgow's greatest strengths. Traditionally considered one of the top schools in the UK, it placed first in The Times' 2004 ranking of UK university medical departments.
Students. Unlike other universities in Scotland, Glasgow does not have a single students' association. Instead, representation and welfare services are provided by the Students' Representative Council and students may also join one of two students' unions which provide other services. Every student is automatically represented by the Glasgow University Students' Representative Council (SRC) and has the right to stand for election to this body and elect its members.
UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER
The University of Manchester is a university located in Manchester, England. Twenty-three Nobel prize winners have been students or professors at the University of Manchester. Both Rutherford's work in splitting the atom and the first modern computer were developed at Manchester.
According to the The Sunday Times, "Manchester has a formidable reputation spanning most disciplines, but most notably in the life sciences, engineering, humanities, economics, sociology and the social sciences".
The Manchester Business School enjoys triple accreditation by AACSB International, AMBA and EQUIS, an honor held by less than 1% of all business schools worldwide. In 2008, Manchester Business School was ranked by the Financial Times as the number 1 in the world for its doctoral program, and ranked MBS among the top 25 business schools in the world for the third time for its MBA program. The average starting salary of Manchester's MBA graduates is US$111,774 -one of the highest of European business schools.
Each year, research conducted at the University earns funding of £216 million. The over 40,000 students still enjoy a staff to student ratio of only 4 to 1. More students try to gain entry into the University of Manchester than any other univer-ity in the country, with more than 60,000 applications for undergraduate courses lone. With a staff of over 10,000, an annual income of nearly £600 million, and ver 500 academic programs offered, it is the largest single-campus University in the United Kingdom.
The University of Manchester is a member of the Russell Group and was named University of the Year 2006. This followed the awarding of the inaugural Times Higher Education Supplements University of the Year prize in 2005.
University today. The newly merged University of Manchester was officially aunched on 22 October 2004 when the Queen 'handed over the Royal Charter. It has the largest number of full-time students in the UK, unless the University of London is counted as a single university. It teaches more academic subjects than (any other British University. One of the stated ambitions of the newly combined university is to 'establish it by 2015 among the 25 strongest research universities in the world on commonly accepted criteria of research excellence and reformance'.
Manchester has the largest total income of all UK universities, standing at £640 million as of 2007. Its research income of £200 million is the fifth largest of any university in the country. Despite its size The University of Manchester is divided into only four faculties, each sub-divided into schools: Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences consisting of the Schools of Medicine', Dentistry, Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences; and Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Faculty of Life Sciences.
FIVE DIFFERENT WASHINGTONS
There are at least five different Washingtons and each has its supporters who earnestly believe that theirs is the only true Washington.
The first is Washington-the-Capital, an official city of great monuments and memorials, of vast bureaucracies housed in buildings of neoclassical or modern Congressional Grotesque design. Over 43 per cent of the land of the District is occupied by the Federal Government. This is the Washington of the Federal reservation.
The second is Old Washington, the sleepy Southern town of ceiling fans, sleeping porches, devoted Negro servants and old families who were actually born here. Old Washington is dying off now.
The third is Washington-the-Town-of-Terror, "The Crime Capital of the World", a horror of racial mixing producing violence too terrible to speak of.
The fourth Washington is University-Washington, largely low-income and low-education, though the city has a relatively large number of professional and middle-to-upper-income Negro families. But the majority of the Negro population lives in badly over-crowded row houses, its children go to decrepit schools, separated from and largely unseen by the other Washingtons.
Rock Creek Park is a symbol of the town's deep division. It is a wooded area of 2,000 acres that runs from the center of the city to Negroes fill the picnic tables, nature center and groves of the park, Negro community calls the park sometimes "The Chinese Wall" and sometimes "The Iron Curtain". For all practical purposes the community on one side of the park is white and upper income, on the other, black and lower income.
FAMOUS AMERICAN ART MUSEUMS
New York and Washington, leading centre in the USA, have several distinguished art museums forming the nucleus of a great national collection.
Many works by leading American artists can be viewed in the Museum of Modern Art in New York City which has come to represent the "establishment" in the 20th century art. Its original collection of modern art, daily film programmes and sculpture garden, with works by Robin and Matisse, have been discussed for many years. Its collection of Picasso painting and sculpture is the best to be seen on that side of the Atlantic. It is home of some of Matisse's most exquisite interiors, some of the most exciting Gauguins and Chagalls. There is an extensive display of the constructivist movement led by Malevich, and a collection of surrealist masterpieces.
The Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Gallery, opened in Washington in 1974, traces the evolution of art from the birth of modernism in the 19th century through the most challenging explorations by the artists working today. The core of the Hirshhorn's collection was the gift of Joseph H. Hishhorn, a financier, philanthropist and art collector. He called his gift of art "a small repayment for as immigrants". The museum's exhibitions focus on individual artists, artistic movements and developments in contemporary art. The late 19th century American realist painter Thomas Eakins is especially well represented in the collection.
The most interesting museums of the Smithsonian Institution are the National Museum of American Art and National Gallery of variety of art works were ac-uired for a future national collection. The museum reflects the nation's diversity >ver 250 years and contains a collection of 35, 000 paintings, graphics, folk art ind photographs of such American artists as Washington Homer, Jacob Law-ence and others, featuring American life from the period of widespread westward jxpansion. The 19th century landscape tradition is represented by Thomas Cole, :rederick Edwin Church, and Albert Bierstadt. One of its highlights are the three panoramic views of the American West by Thomas Moran.
The National Gallery of Art was created for the people of the United States by a oint resolutions of Congress. Located in the heart of the nation's capital, the build-ng was designed by architect John Russell Pope to implement a dream long held |>y its donor, the financier and art collector Andrew W. Mellon. Mellon started to col-ect paintings early in life and brought together a superb collection of art. The paint-ngs and sculptures given by the founder, including works by the greatest masters tarn the 13th trought the 19th centuries , have formed a nucleus around which the collection have grown. He believed that the gallery should bear not his name, but he nation's, and that its collections should grow through gifts of art from private citizens. Mellon's hope was soon realized in the form of major donations from Samuel ind Rush Kress, Chester Dale , Edgar William and many others. Today the Gallery Contains one of the world's finest collections of European and American paintings, sculpture and graphic arts, among which are masterpieces by Leonardo da Vinchi, Rembrandt, Monet, Degas, Picasso, Dali, Moore.
One of the largest and most comprehensive in the world is the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City. It was founded by civic leaders, philanthropists and art collection. In 1866 a group of Americans in Paris gathered to celebrate me 4th of July. John Jay, a prominent lawyer, proposed to create a "national in-Ititution and gallery of art". During the next four years they convinced American public to support the project and in 1870 the museum was opened. Its collections dumber nearly three million objects in every known artistic medium representing Cultures from every part of the world, from ancient times to the present. Popularly wown as the Met, the museum is one of the most famous tourist attractions in the city. It is also a major educational institution offering a wide array of programmes for children and adults. The Museum's collection of American art is the most com-jprehensive in the world. Contemporary American art became a particular concern fef the museum when in 1906 and 1911 George A. Hearn donated funds specifically designed for the acquisition of painting by living American artists. They have been the basis upon which the Met's collection of modern American paintings has been formed. The vast collection of American art includes paintings, sculpture, furniture, silverware, glass, ceramics, textiles and 25 unique period rooms featuring art from various time periods throughout American history.
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