N. Kryazheva - The United States and the United Kingdom. Past and Present (doc) (798446), страница 22
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Most classes rely upon a combination of faculty led lectures, graduate student led recitations, weekly problem sets (p-sets), and tests to teach material, though alternative curricula exist, e.g. Experimental Study Group, Concourse, and Terra-scope. Over-time, students compile "bibles", collections of problem set and examination questions and answers used as references for later students.
Research. MIT employs approximately 3,500 researchers in addition to faculty. MIT faculty and researchers disclosed 487 inventions, filed 314 patent applications, received 149 patents, and earned $129.2 million in royalties and oth-
er income. The GNU project and free software movement originated at MIT. In electronics, magnetic core memory, radar, single electron transistors, and inertial guidance controls were invented or substantially developed by MIT researchers.
Traditions and student activities. The faculty and student body highly value meritocracy and technical proficiency. MIT has never awarded an honorary degree nor does it award athletic scholarships, or Latin honors upon graduation. However, MIT has twice awarded honorary professorships; to Winston Churchill in 1949 and Salman Rushdie in 1993.
Current students and alumni wear a large, heavy, distinctive class ring known as the "Brass Rat." Originally created in 1929, the ring's official name is the "Standard Technology Ring." The undergraduate ring design (a separate graduate student version exists as well) varies slightly from year to year to reflect the unique character of the MIT experience for that class, but always features a three-piece design, with the MIT seal and the class year each appearing on a separate face, flanking a large rectangular bezel bearing an image of a beaver. The initialism IHTFP, representing the formal school motto and jocularly euphemized as "I have truly found paradise", "Institute has the finest professors", and other variations, is featured on the ring given its historical prominence in student culture.
Faculties. MIT has 1,008 faculty members, of whom 195 are women and 172 are minorities. Faculty is responsible for lecturing classes, advising both graduate and undergraduate students, and sitting on academic committees, as well as conducting original research. 25 MIT faculty members have won the Nobel Prize. Among current and former faculty members, there are 51 National Medal of Science and Technology recipients, 80 Guggenheim Fellows, 6 Fulbright Scholars, 29 MacArthur Fellows, 5 Dirac Medal winners, 5 Wolf Prize winners, and 4 Kyoto Prize winners.Faculty members who have made extraordinary contributions to t their research field as well as the MIT community are granted appointments as Institute Professors for the remainder of their tenures.
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
Stanford University or Stanford, is a private research university located in Stanford, California, United States. Stanford was founded in 1885 by former California governor and senator Leland Stanford and his wife, Jane Lathrop Stanford, as a memorial to their son Leland Stanford Jr., who died of typhoid in Europe a [few weeks before his 16th birthday. The Stanfords used their farm lands to establish the university hoping to create a large institution in California.
Stanford enrolls about 6,700 undergraduate and about 8,000 graduate students from the United States and around the world every year. Its graduates are famous all over the world. They have founded companies like Hewlett-Packard, Sun Microsystems, Nvidia, Yahoo, Cisco Systems, Silicon Graphics and Google.
Stanford University is a tax-exempt corporate trust owned and governed by a privately-appointed 35-member Board of Trustees. Trustees serve for five-year term (not more than two consecutive terms) and meet five times annually.
The Board appoints a President to serve as the chief executive officer of the university and proscribe the duties of professors and course of study, manage financial and business affairs, and appoint nine vice president posts.
The university is organized into seven schools: School of Humanities and Sciences, School of Engineering, School of Earth Sciences, School of Education, Graduate School of Business, Stanford Law School and the Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford University is a large, highly residential research university with a majority of enrollments coming from graduate and professional students. The Stanford University Libraries hold a collection of more than eight million volumes. The main library in the SU library system is Green Library.
Stanford University is the home to the Cantor Center for Visual Arts museum with 24 galleries, sculpture gardens, terraces, and a courtyard first established in 1891 by Jane and Leland Stanford as a memorial to their only child. Notably, the Center possesses the largest collection of Rodin works outside of Paris, France.
Stanford is considered to be one of the best universities in the world. The Stanford Law School is ranked second in the nation while its Education School and Business School are both ranked first. Stanford School of Medicine is currently ranked eighth in research according to US Stanford's current community of scholars includes: 18 Nobel Prize laureates; 135 members of the National Academy of Sciences.
OPEN UNIVERSITY (OU)
The Open University (OU) is the United Kingdom's only university dedicated to distance learning. There are around 150,000 undergraduate and more than 30,000 postgraduate students. 10,000 of our students have disabilities. The Open University's style of teaching is called supported open learning. Nearly all students are studying part-time. About 70 per cent of undergraduate students are in full-time employment. More than 50,000 students are sponsored by their employers for their studies. 11,000 people are currently studying for OU Higher Degrees. Most OU courses are available throughout Europe. Some of them are available in many other parts of the world. More than 25,000 OU students live outside the UK. A third of the UK undergraduate students have entry qualifications lower than those normally demanded by other UK universities.
The mission of the Open University is open to people, places, methods and ideas.
It promotes educational opportunity and social justice by providing high-quality university education to all who wish to realise their ambitions and fulfil their potential.
Through academic research, pedagogic innovation and collaborative partnership it seeks to be a world leader in the design, content and delivery of supported open and distance learning.
The Open University was the world's first successful distance teaching university.
Born in the 1960s, the 'White Heat of Technology' era, the Open University was founded on the belief that communications technology could bring high qual-
ity degree-level learning to people who had not had the opportunity to attend campus universities.
New methods of learning also came to the fore with the rapid growth in the use of computers. New study methods were added to the multi-media mix.
In times of fast-changing technology, e-learning methods were incorporated into most of the university's courses, where such methods best met students' needs. As part of its commitment to educating all, the university began to commission peak-time series for broadcast on BBC TV.
The 1990s were a time for celebration too: 1998 saw the 25th anniversary of the university's first graduation ceremony and the conferment of the university's 200,000th graduate.
Today more than 180,000 students are interacting with the OU online from
home.
• Each week, 25,000 students view their academic records online.
• When exam results were available, 85,000 students viewed them online
• The student guidance website receives 70,000 page hits per week.
• The Open Library receives more than 2.5 million page views each year.
• 110,000 students use the conferencing system.
• There are 16,000 conferences, of which 2,000 are organised and moderated by students themselves.
This intensity of usage allows colleagues to do pioneering research on the most effective approaches to online teaching and learning that gives the OU world leadership in this field.
The Open University's style of teaching is called 'supported open learning', also known as 'distance learning'.
Open learning means that you will be learning in your own time by reading course material, working on course activities, writing assignments and perhaps working with other students.
Supported means support from a tutor and the student services staff at Regional Centres, as well as from centralised areas such as the Library or Open University Students Association.
Some courses include a residential or day school. These are held at various times and locations.
Many courses also include:
• tutorials, often held at your local Regional Centre,
• residential or day school, held at a variety of locations.
Tutorials are a good idea as they give you a chance to meet your tutor and some fellow students, but they aren't usually compulsory. Residential or day schools may be a required component to pass the course.
Most courses last for 6 or 9 months, so you will usually find that you are away, on holiday, or busy with other things for some part of the course. You'll do better if you try to get ahead so that you do some planned activities early, before you go
away, rather than trying to catch up when you return. If you fall behrnd, contact your tutor who will help you decide how best to get back on track.
Your tutor will support your progress throughout the course. You will receive details of your tutor around the course start date.
Your tutor will be an expert in the subject and appreciates what it is like to study at a distance.
Your tutor will support you by:
• Correspondence tuition. Your tutor will mark your course assignments and give you written feedback. Think of this as a way of using your tutor's expertise to further your knowledge and develop your learning skills.
• Tutorial support. For many courses, your tutor will arrange tutorial support for a small group of students. This support may be face to face, online or by phone, depending on the course and the circumstances of the group.
• Individual assistance by phone, in writing or by e-mail. Your tutor will explain when and how to make contact so do get in touch when you need help.
IVY LEAGUE
The Ivy League is an athletic conference comprising eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States. The term is most commonly used to refer to those eight schools considered as a group. The term also has connotations of academic excellence, selectivity in admissions, and social elitism.
Brown University. In Deo Speramus(ln God We Hope)
Columbia University. In lumine Tuo videbimus lumen(ln Thy light shall we see the light)
Cornell University. I would found an institution where any person can find instruction in any study.
Dartmouth College. Vox clamantis in deserto(A voice crying in the wilderness, The voice of one crying in the wilderness)
Harvard University. Veritas(Truth)
Princeton University .Dei sub numine viget(Under God's power she flourishes)
University of Pennsylvania. Leges sine moribus vanae(Lscws without morals are useless)
Yale University. Lux et veritas(Light and truth)
The term became official, especially in sports terminology, after the formation of the NCAA Division I athletic conference in 1954, when much of the nation polarized around favorite college teams. The use of the phrase is no longer limited to athletics, and now represents an educational philosophy inherent to the nation's oldest schools. In addition, Ivy League schools are often viewed by the public as some of the most prestigious universities worldwide and are often ranked amongst the best universities in the United States and worldwide. The
eight institutions are Brown University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Dartmouth College, Harvard University, Princeton University, the University of Pennsylvania, and Yale University.
The Ivy League exists already in the minds of a good many of those connected with football, and we fail to see why the seven schools concerned should be satisfied to let it exist as a purely nebulous entity where there are so many practical benefits which would be possible under definite organized association. The seven colleges involved fall naturally together by reason of their common interests arid similar general standards and by dint of their established national reputation they are in a particularly advantageous position to assume leadership for the preservation of the ideals of intercollegiate athletics.
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