Готовый диплом (1202060), страница 14

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Transportation and expedition of orders can be performed by both a warehouse, and the customer. The centralized delivery of orders a warehouse is most widespread and economically justified. In this case, thanks to unitization of freights and optimum delivery routes considerable reducing transportation expenses is reached and there is a real opportunity to perform deliveries by small and more frequent batches, it leads to reducing unnecessary safety stocks at the consumer. Collection and delivery of empty carriers of goods play an essential role in the expenditure item. Carriers of goods (pallets, containers, a container, i.e. the equipment) in case of intracity transportations most often happen multiverse, and therefore demand return to the sender.

Information servicing of a warehouse assumes management of information flows and is a binding core of functioning of all services of a warehouse. Depending on technical equipment management of information flows can be as independent system (in the mechanized warehouses), and also a compound subsystem of a general automated control system for material and information flows (at automated warehouses). Information service covers:

• handling of the entering documentation (order quotations of suppliers);

• registration of orders of suppliers;

• management of reception and sending;

• control of existence of goods in a warehouse;

• booking of consumers;

• registration of documentation of sending;

• the dispatching help, including the optimum choice of batches of shipment and delivery routes;

• processing of customer accounts;

• exchange of information with operation personnel and the top hierarchical level of the organization;

• various statistical information.

Control over the implementation of orders and ensuring customer service. Transactions of control over the implementation of orders and rendering services to clients on which accomplishment level servicing depends first of all are aimed at providing coordination of activities of service of sales. Successfully performed logistic servicing of buyers can become the major, strategic sign which is profitable distinguishing this firm from competitors. Allocate three main categories of elements of service: pre-sale, during sale and after-sale. The service of sales (marketing service) is engaged in implementation of pre-sale services. The warehouse provides accomplishment of both selling, and after-sale services. Carry to selling services:

• sorting of goods;

• full quality check of the delivered goods;

• packing;

• replacement of the ordered goods (change of the order);

• forwarding services with unloading implementation;

• information services;

• conclusion of contracts with transport agencies.

After-sale services cover a range of services which render to consumers of products:

• installation of products;

• guarantee maintenance;

• providing with spare parts;

• temporary replacement for goods;

• reception of defective production and her replacement.

Rational implementation of logistic process in a warehouse is a guarantee of its profitability. Therefore at the organization of this process it is necessary to try to obtain:

1. The rational layout of a warehouse in case of allocation of working areas which promotes cost reduction and enhancement of process of cargo handling;

2. Effective use of space in case of arrangement of the equipment that allows to increase capacity of a warehouse;

3. Uses of the universal equipment which carries out various warehouse operations that gives essential reducing park of hoisting-and-transport machines;

4. Minimization of routes of intra warehouse transportation for the purpose of reducing operating costs and increase in storage capacity;

5. Implementation of an unitization of batches of shipments and application of a centralized delivery that allows to reduce transportation costs significantly;

6. The maximum use of opportunities of information system that considerably reduces time and costs, which connected with document flow and exchange of information.

In search of allowances of efficiency of functioning of a warehouse all components shall be analyzed, and analysis results to be used for improvement of the organization of logistic process.

At the present time the Russian entities review the existing management systems, implement new information management systems, carry out reorganization of business on the basis of modern methods of reengineering, implement specialized systems of performance improvement of work, production management, etc.

Thus, the logistic organization of trade processes represents creation of systems of merchandising with high degree of coordination of participants in implementation of promotion of material flows from final production to the final consumption (coordination of economic interests, the applied technologies and equipment, the applied methods and planning systems).

Thus, the purposes of the organization of process of merchandising are enhancement of trade based on the concept of logistics and creation of highly effective commodity distribution systems which provide implementation of "6 rules": the necessary goods in the right place in due time, necessary quality and quantity with the minimum expenses.

The logistics requires stable economic relations between participants. Only in this case there is a necessary transparency in the economic relations, the possibility of coordination of plans and technologies appears. If 80% of range of goods are created out of system, then it is not logistic system.

The main objectives of logistics are development of wholesale trade in interrelation with a technical and technological and organizational improvement of all system of merchandising (for example, creation of system of movement of the packed-up sugar from plant in a wholesale link and in shops, application of a container equipment in hypermarkets and shops discounters) and enhancement of the intra warehouse cargo overworking systems.

In the operating plan the service of logistics at trade enterprise shall undertake technical and economic calculations, the solution of optimization tasks in the field of inventory management, transport, warehousing, having exempted administration and commercial services from the solution of these tasks, having transferred them from the area of intuition to the area of exact calculation.

Composed effect of implementation of logistics are considered:

• cost reduction on content of inventories due to their redistribution on a logistic chain, at the expense of high degree of coordination of participants (for example, in case of implementation of the concept of JET the solution of questions of replenishment action), due to application of modern technologies of control of inventories;

• decrease in transportation costs;

• maximum space occupancy and amount of retail trade enterprises and wholesale trade enterprises;

• acceleration of turnover of the capital;

• reduction of the expenses connected with cargo handling.

As a result of systematization and research of data on information, marketing and integrated logistic concepts, weaknesses, features, subject orientation and possibilities of development come to light their strong.

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