[учебник] English Grammar Reference and Practice. Drozdova (1175660), страница 53

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—— ^ wharvesITHECATEGORYOFNU MB E RThere are, however, many peculiarities1. Nouns denoting the things which consist of two or more parts are used only in the plural (as inRussian). They are:trousers□ Your trousers are too long.spectacles□ Where are my spectacles?scissors□ These scissors are sharp.scalestongs2.3.Remember thewagescontentsclothesstairsgoodspotatoesonionscarrotsoatsarmsrichesnouns which are used in the plural in English whereas they are singular in Russian:□His wages are high.□ The contents have not been changed.□His clothes w ere wet as he had been caught in the rain.□ The stairs are steep.□ The goods have arrived from France.BUT: a potato (one)□Potatoes are very cheap in autumn.an onion□ Spanish onions are sweet.a carrot□ Carrots are very healthy.lThe noun vacation is used only in the singular in English (it is plural in Russian).□ Our summer vacation lasts 2 months.BUT: We have two vacations a year.4.

In English the nouns gate, sledge, watch, clock are used both in the singular and in the plural (inRussian they are only plural):□ The gate is open.□ All the gates were closed.□ My watch (clock) is slow.□He has two watches (clocks).(A) Write the plurals of these nouns in the columns below according to the pronunciation of the ending.Shop, glass, friend, bottle, cinema, clock, guitar, hotel, island, lake, light, month, office,park, piece, smile, space, tape, village, box, match, beach, address.[s]shops,[iz]Иfriends,glasses,189THE/L(A, B) Give the plural of the following nouns.Translate them.Toe - ...................... city - ....................

, hero .................. piano - .....................calf - ....................,cliff - ................... . chief - ................... . stitch ................... bath - ...................., life - .....................shelf - .....................berry - ....................... valley .................... roof - ......................pen - ......................window - .................. . library - .................. .

watch ....................... dress - ......................, co un try ................... g la s s - ................... , d a y - ....................party - ................... leaf - ..................... fox .................... half - ...................... eye - .................... ,language - .....................

place - ......................ray ........................ bush - ......................., m outh ..................... . jo urney - ....................... photo ВFoot - ...................... boot - .................... ox ................... . fox - .................... man - ......................woman - ....................month - .................... . mouse- ........................ ch ild - ........................ ship ...................

goose - .................., d e e r - ....................sheep - ......................CCrisis - .....................phenomenon - ..................... ,datum - ................... . nucleus - ................... , basis- ..................... criterion - ..................... series .................... . analysis - .....................

form ula DR oom -m ate - ...................... . fe llo w -w o rk e r ...................court-martial - ................... , man-of-war,boy-messenger - .................. onlooker - ...................passer-by - ................... sister-in-law - .....................postman - .................... son-in-law - ...................,fisherman - .................... schoolgirl - ....................text-book - ...................

statesman - ......................editor-in-chief - .....................NOUNО(В) Change the number o f the noun in italicswhere possible and make all the other necessarychanges.I . Put the boxes on the shelf. - ............................................... 2. The boy must have two teeth pulledout. - ..................................................3. The huntergot a prize for killing the wolf that had caused muchdamage to the village flock. - .................................................

4. The child was bitterly crying overthe broken toy. - ..................................................5. He showed me a photo of his country house. ................................................. 6. The scout broughtsome valuable inform ation. - .................................................. 7. I saw a mouse in the kitchen. ................................................ 8. The ox drove a cartof hay.

- .......................................... 9. A very strangep he n om en o n was observed by a stro n o m e rsyesterday. - ...........................................10. Her hairwas soft and curly. - .................................................I I . Boy drove the sheep to the village. - .................................................. 12. I have h u rt my fo o t.

................................................ 13. This is a lady-bird.- ............................................. 14. Where is the knife?- ............................................. 15. This story is verylong. - ............................................... 16. The speechwas very interesting. - ................................................17.

The roof of the house was covered with snow. .................................................... 18. The fish werec a u g h t.- ............................................... 19. We havegood p o stm e n in o ur area. - ........................H-(B) Supply the missing words.1. The stairs............... worn by thousands of visitors.2.

W h e re .................the scissors? - .................. arein the first drawer on the left. 3. The scales................broken. 4. How much did you pay f o r .................trousers? - .................were very expensive! 5. Ifyour c lo th e s................ dirty, please put them in thelaundry basket. 6. His old grandfather’s watch................. made of gold. 7.

All their belongings.................been destroyed in a fire. 8. My earnings( n o t) ................. high, but at least t h e y ...................reg u la r. 9. T hese s h o r ts .................. n o t fit m e a t all!190THECATEGORYU(B) Use the appropriate form of the verb.1. “T h e re .............. money in my pocket,” I said tothe porter (is, are). 2. I know my h a ir .................beautiful, everybody says so (is, are).

3. This watch................. a special favourite with Mr. Pickwick,having been carried about for a greater number ofyears than we feel called upon to state (was, were).4. The d e e r.............ravaging the man’s fields (was,were). 5. M o n e y .................so scarce that it couldfairly be said not to exist at all (was, were).

6 . 1washere before the g a te s .................opened but I wasafraid to come straight to you (was, were). 7. Thepapers................dull, the new s................. local andstale and the war new s................all old (was, were).8. Her h a ir.............. loose and half-falling and shewore a nurse’s dress (was, were).

9. The nurse’sw a g e s ................ good (was, were).OFC AS E(В, C) Translate into English.1. Эта лестница ведёт к морю. 2. Он дал мне хо­роший совет. 3. Все сведения были очень важ­ные. 4. Эти деньги не мои. 5. У меня было малоденег. Я не мог позволить себе покупать такиедорогие вещи. 6. Ваших знаний недостаточно,чтобы сдать экзамен. 7. Какая интересная рабо­та! 8. Я купил эти часы в Лондоне. Они очень хо­рошие. 9. Его одежда совсем новая.

10. Там былоочень мало людей. 11. Картофель очень хорошийв этом году. 12. Морковь очень дешёвая осенью.13. Его заработная плата очень высокая. 14. Со­держание его письма было совсем неожиданным.15. В аквариуме пять рыбок. Одна рыбка золо­тая. 16. Эти новости очень интересные. 17. Комупринадлежат деньги? - Я не знаю, кому они при­надлежат. 18. Фермеры довольны.

Они вырасти­ли много свиней и овец. 19. Наши зимниеканикулы кончаются 6 февраля. 20. Витрина при­влекала внимание всех прохожих.4. The C a te g o ry o f C a seEnglish nouns denoting living beings (and some lifeless things) have two cases: the common case and thegenitive for possessive) case.The Genitive1. We show possession in English with the genitive form of a noun. This means we normally u s e ’s or s’for people and some living creatures. We put the possessive before the noun it refers to:□Frank’s car.

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