PRGRM_9 (1110864)
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11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 PROGRAMME 9
Text One
Blunders
English Homework James Fielding
Professor Bumble
Professor Bumble is not only absent-minded but short-sighted as well. His mind is always busy with marked thoughts and he seldom notices what is going on around him.
One fine day recently he went for a stroll in the country-side, but, as always he had a book in his hands, and he had no sooner set out for his walk than he became engrossed in reading. He hadn't gone far when he bumped into a massive cow and fell down. He had lost his spectacles in the fall, and he thought he had stumbled over a fat lady. "I beg your pardon, madam," he said politely before searching for his glasses. As soon as he had put them on, he realised his mistake.
Soon he was concentrating on his book again and paying no attention to anything else. He had scarcely been walking for five minutes when he fell over again, losing both his book and his glasses. This time he became furious. Seizing his umbrella, he struck the "cow" in anger. Then, after finding his glasses, he realised with horror that he had made a second blunder. A large fat woman was from him in
terror.
Programme 9
Text Two
Loyal Fans
Ted: What did you think of the game, Bill?
Bill: Dreadful! It was neither exciting nor skilful.
Ted: I agree with you. Of course, the weather didn't help. They'd hardly
kicked off when it started to pelt with rain. Our team are useless in the mud,
and they were off form anyway.
Bill: Some of our team can't play football in either wet or dry conditions,
and I've never seen them on form. I can't help laughing when
I watch old Ford. Every time he gets the ball he either falls over or
passes it to the opposition. I can't make out why they pick him.
Ted: He's too old really. He'd already been playing in the team for about
ten years when I became a supporter and that was eight years ago.
Bill: Evans isn't much better. He's not only too slow, he's scared to tackle as well.
Ted: Yes, he's always afraid of getting injured. Neither Ford nor Evans is up to it.
We need two new defenders and a new forward too.
Bill: But the management is too mean to spend money either on new players or on improving the ground.
Ted: Yes, that's true. The pitch is a disgrace. It isn't flat and the drains
don't work. Every time it rains the pitch is covered with great puddles
of water.
Bill: What we need, Ted, is not only new players but a new manager
and a new pitch as well. Then perhaps we could win promotion
to the Third Division.
Programme 9
Text Three
Linguistic Talent
Betty: Why weren't you at the German class last night, Joan? Have you given up?
Joan: Well, no... I came back late yesterday and found Simon asleep in the chair.
He'd been writing reports all day long and he was too worn out to go out
again, so we gave the lesson a miss.
Betty: You've missed quite a lot of lessons lately, haven't you? Are you losing your enthusiasm?
Joan: Yes, I'm afraid so. Neither Simon nor I have a gift for languages. People just laugh at us when we attempt to speak German. How did you and Eric
pick it up so quickly and easily? You've hardly been in Germany a month.
Betty: It was neither quick nor easy, I assure you. We'd both studied the language before we came, and we only needed to brush it up a bit.
Joan: Anyway, all our friends here speak English fluently so we don't really need
to learn German.
Betty: Well, Eric and I have been both learning and teaching languages
for years and we enjoy it immensely.
Joan: Well, keep it up! I'm all for teaching foreigners English, if it
saves me the trouble of learning foreign languages myself.
Programme 9
Notes: Forms and Patterns
1 (a) Past Perfect Simple (b) Past Perfect Continuous
(a) He could see the cow only dimly because he had lost his glasses. ( 1: he
lost his glasses; 2: he saw the cow. )
He realised that he had made a blunder. (c.f. "I realise I have made ...")
They arrived at 3 p.m., but the match had started at 2.30 p.m.
This tense is used for an action completed before another action, or a
specified time, in the past. (c.f. the present perfect, Programme 2, Note 1 (a).)
(b) He had been walking for five minutes when he fell over again. (1: he
began walking; (5 min. later) 2: still walking, he fell.)
He had been writing reports all day, and he was asleep when I came
home. (1: he began early; 2: he finished late and fell asleep; 3: I came home
and saw him.)
The continuous form usually indicates an action which began in the
past and continued for a period up to a second action in the past. Sometimes
the first action was complete before the second took place, but
the effects were still apparent.
2 (a) hardly/scarcely (b) no sooner
(a) They had hardly kicked off when it began to rain.
He had scarcely been walking for 5 minutes when he fell over.
'Hardly', 'scarcely', and (less common) 'barely' mean 'almost not' and
are often used with the past perfect, followed by 'when'.
(b) He had no sooner set out than he became engrossed in reading.
'No sooner' is similar in meaning but it is followed by 'than'.
3 both... and / neither... nor / either... or / not only... but (also ... as well)
He lost both his book and his glasses. (He lost his book. He lost his glasses.)
Neither Ford nor Evans is up to it. (Ford isn't up to it. Evans isn't up to it.)
He either falls over or passes it to the opposition. (He falls over. He passes
it to the opposition.)
It was neither skilful nor exciting. (It wasn't skilful. It wasn't exciting.)
He is not only absent-minded but short-sighted (as well.) ( He is absent-
minded. He is short-sighted.)
Programme 9
We learned neither easily nor quickly. (We didn't learn easily. We didn't
learn quickly.)
These pairs of words can join sentences by connecting nouns, verbs,
adjectives, or adverbs.
4 Sentence joining: (a) after (b) before
(a) After he had seized his umbrella, he struck the object.
(After) seizing his umbrella, he struck the object. ( 1: he seized. 2. he
struck.)
(After) having seized his umbrella, he struck the object.
After it had stopped raining, he left. (X After stopping ..., he left. X)
The '...ing' method can be used only when the subject of the two verbs
is the same.
N.B. 'After' may be omitted when the '-ing' phrase comes first.
(b) They had studied German before they came to Germany. ( 1: they
studied; 2: they came.)
'Before' cannot be omitted, and only the first '-ing' form is generally
used. (X Before having come,... X)
Programme 9
Prepositions, Verbs, Phrases, Idioms
busy with We're too busy with our own work to help you.
go on "What's going on? Is anything wrong?"
engrossed in Malcolm was engrossed in a history book when I arrived.
bump into He bumped into a chair as he walked across the dark room.
fall down/over He tripped and fell over.
beg your pardon "I beg your pardon. I didn't mean to interrupt you."
concentrate on If you concentrate on these points you will soon improve.
pay attention to James never pays attention to what the teacher says.
in anger He shouted in anger when the boy refused to do what he said.
with horror He noticed with horror that the man had a gun.
flee from The people fled from the invading army.
agree with John never agrees with his brother about anything.
pelt with rain "You can't go yet. It's still pelting with rain."
off/on form When Andrews is off form the whole team plays badly.
can't help I'm so happy that I can't help singing.
make out His writing is so bad that I can't make out a word.
up to it You can't do this exercise. You're not up to it yet.
covered with His clothes were covered with mud when he came in.
worn out They were worn out after the long walk.
give a miss "I'm tired. I'll give the party a miss tonight."
laugh at It's rude to laugh at people to their faces.
brush up I must brush up my French or I'll forget everything.
keep it up Malcolm is working hard. I hope he can keep it up.
Programme 9
Practice Section
Text One
in the countryside
he went for a stroll in the countryside
One fine day recently he went for a stroll in the countryside,
as always,
a book in his hand
but, as always, he had a book in his hand,
set out for his walk
he had no sooner set out for his walk
in reading
engrossed in reading
he became engrossed in reading
and he had no sooner set out for his walk than he became engrossed in reading.
Text Three
He'd been writing reports all day.
Neither Simon nor I have a gift for languages.
You've picked it up so quickly and easily.
You've only been brushing it up a bit.
Betty: You gave the German class a miss last night then, Joan.
Joan: Yes. Simon was too worn out - he'd been writing reports all day.
Betty: You've hardly been to any lessons lately.
Joan: No. I'm afraid neither Simon nor I have a gift for languages.
Betty: Well, don't give up! Both Erie and I enjoy it immensely.
Joan: But you've picked it up so quickly and easily!
Betty: Not really. We'd studied German before we arrived.
Joan: Oh! So you've only been brushing it up a bit!
Drill 1 (R) I washed and dressed. Then I had breakfast.
After I'd washed and dressed, I had breakfast.
I had breakfast. Then I washed the car.
After I'd had breakfast, I washed the car.
Drill 2 (R) It rained for hours. The streets were wet.
The streets were wet because it'd been raining for hours.
John waited for them for hours. He was very angry.
John was very angry because he'd been waiting for them for hours.
Programme 9
Drill 3 She started cooking. The telephone rang.
She'd hardly started cooking when the telephone rang.
They finished speaking. Someone knocked at the door.
They'd hardly finished speaking when someone knocked at the door.
1 She started cooking. The telephone rang.
2 They finished speaking. Someone knocked at the door.
3 She closed the door. The baby started crying.
4 She fed the baby. The dog began barking.
5 She put the dog out. The cat stole the meat.
6 She rescued the meat. The soup boiled over.
7 She cleaned up the mess. The guests arrived.
8 They sat down. She served dinner.
Drill 4 He left school and went to university.
After leaving school he went to university.
He studied for three years but failed his exams.
After studying for three years he failed his exam.
1 He left school and went to university.
2 He studied for three years but failed his exams.
3 He worked in an office for a while and then emigrated to Australia
4 He tried several jobs and then he became a farmer.
5 He made a lot of money and decided to go home for a holiday.
6 He arrived in England and married an old girlfriend.
7 He met his old friends and didn't want to go back again
8 He sold his farm and bought a business in England.
Drill 5 She typed one letter but then the boss gave her another.
She had no sooner typed one letter than the boss gave her another.
The children had lunch but then they wanted some chocolate.
The children had no sooner had lunch than they wanted some
chocolate.
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