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ɂɡ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ M CH¦ M Cɫɥɟɜɚ ¦ M Cɫɩɪɚɜɚ 0 ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɦ:M Co 0.0595ql 2==0.238 ql = 47.6 ɤɇ.f0.25lɋɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɩɨɪɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɚɪɤɢ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɛɚɥɤɢɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ ɢ ɧɚ ɉɄ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ ARKA, ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɛɥɢɡɤɨɟɫɨɜɩɚɞɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ.ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɭɫɢɥɢɣ M , Q, N ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸȾɥɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɭɫɢɥɢɣ M , Q, N , ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ ARKA, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɦ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ (5.7)-(5.9)ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɚ 5.5 ɩɨɫɨɛɢɹ ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ.Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ.. ȼ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɦ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɫɢɥɢɣɩɪɨɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɣ 2 ɢ 7 ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɧɚ ɥɟɜɨɣ ɢ ɧɚ ɩɪɚɜɨɣ ɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɚɯ ɚɪɤɢ(ɫɦ.
ɪɢɫ. 10.1, ɚ). ȼɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ, ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɜ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɜɵɲɟ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ, ɞɥɹɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ (ɬɚɛɥ. 10.2).Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 10.2ʋ ɫɟɱxy ( z)tgDsin Dcos DM ɤɨQɤɨ20.25l0.1675l0 .50.44720.89440.0422ql20.169ql70.625l0.234l– 0.25– 0.24250.97010.0603ql2– 0.056qlɤɌɨɝɞɚ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ (5.7) – (5.9) ɩɪɢ l = 20 ɦ; f = 5 ɦ; P =20 ɤɇ; q =10ɩɨɥɭɱɢɦ:M2Q2188M 2o H z2 = (0.0422 – 0.238·0.1875) ql 2 = 0.0024 ql 2 = 9.6 ɤɇ·ɦ;Q2o cos D 2 H sin D 2 = (0.169·0.8944 – 0.238·0.4472) ql = 0.0448 ql = 8.96 ɤɇ;N2(Q2o sin D 2 H cos D 2 ) = – (0.169·0.4472 + 0.238·0.8944) ql == – 0.2885 ql = 57.7 ɤɇ.M 7 7o H z7 = (0.0603 – 0.238·0.234) ql 2 = 0.0045 ql 2 = 18.0 ɤɇ·ɦ;M7Q7Q7o cos D 7 H sin D 7 = (– 0.056·0.9701 – 0.238·(– 0.2425) ql == 0.0034 ql = 0.68 ɤɇ;N7(Q7o sin D 7 H cos D 7 ) = – (– 0.056·(– 0.2425) + 0.238·0.9701) ql == – 0.245 ql = – 49.0 ɤɇ.Ⱦɥɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɭɫɢɥɢɣ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ ARKA ɢɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ ɧɚ ɷɩɸɪɚɯ ɭɫɢɥɢɣ (ɫɦ.
ɪɢɫ. 10.2) ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɭɫɢɥɢɣ,ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɦ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ ɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɦ ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ (ɜ ɫɤɨɛɤɚɯ). ȼɢɞɢɦ,ɱɬɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɛɥɢɡɤɨ ɫɨɜɩɚɞɚɸɬ.ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ.ȼ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɵ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɝɨ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɣ(ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 10.1, ɞ, ɟ, ɠ), ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɦ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɢ [7].Ʉɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɷɩɸɪ M ɢ Q ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɢɦɟɸɳɟɣɫɹ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶɸ ɜ ɜɢɞɟɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɢɹ dM / ds Q ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɢɯ ɩɨɥɧɨɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ.ɋɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɷɩɸɪ M ɜ ɚɪɤɟ ɢ ɛɚɥɤɟɗɬɨ ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ:x ɢɡɝɢɛɚɸɳɢɟ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɵ ɜ ɚɪɤɟ ( M max | 20 ɤɇ·ɦ ) ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ (ɞɥɹɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɚɪɤɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ ɧɚ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ) ɦɟɧɶɲɟ, ɱɟɦ ɜ ɛɚɥɤɟ( M max | 240 ɤɇ·ɦ).x ɩɪɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɟ ɚɪɤɚ ɫɠɚɬɚ (ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ: | ɨɬ 48 ɤɇ ɞɨ59 ɤɇ), ɚ ɜ ɛɚɥɤɟ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɢɥɵ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɸɬ.Ɂɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟ ɢɡɝɢɛɚɸɳɢɯ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɜ ɚɪɤɟ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɛɚɥɤɨɣ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 10.1) ɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɫɠɢɦɚɸɳɢɯ ɭɫɢɥɢɣ ɜɫɟɱɟɧɢɹɯ ɚɪɤɢ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɛɥɚɝɨɩɪɢɹɬɧɨɦɭ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɵɯɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɹɯ ɚɪɤɢ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɛɚɥɤɨɣ (ɫɦ.
ɪɢɫ. 5.8, ɜ, ɝ) ɜɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ 5.5 ɩɨɫɨɛɢɹ.ȼɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɜɵɜɨɞ, ɱɬɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɚɪɤɢ ɩɨɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɭɫɢɥɢɣ ɜ ɟɟ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɹɯ ɢ ɜ ɨɩɨɪɧɵɯ ɫɜɹɡɹɯ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ.18911. ɉɈɋɌɊɈȿɇɂȿ ɗɉɘɊ ɍɋɂɅɂɃ M, Q, Nȼ ɌɊȿɏɒȺɊɇɂɊɇɈɃ ȺɊɄȿ ɋ ɁȺɌəɀɄɈɃɉɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɚɪɤɢ.Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ 3 ɢɡ ɫɛɨɪɧɢɤɚ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ(ɫɦ. ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ 1 ɢɥɢ [6]), ɤɨɝɞɚ ɩɨ ɲɢɮɪɭ ABCD ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɞɥɹ ɬɪɟɯɲɚɪɧɢɪɧɨɣ ɚɪɤɢ ɫ ɡɚɬɹɠɤɨɣ (ɪɢɫ. 11.1, ɚ).ɚ)ZHA0XVAVB33.7536.25ɛ)ɜ)ɝ)Ɋɢɫ. 11.1ɉɪɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚɯ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɵ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ ɚɪɤɢ ɢ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɤɧɚ ɧɟɟ: l 20 ɦ; f 0.25l = 5 ɦ; a 0.125l 2.5 ɦ; f * f a =2.5 ɦ;q 10 ɤɇ/ɦ ; P0.1ql20 ɤɇ.
Ɉɱɟɪɬɚɧɢɟ ɚɪɤɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɨ ɤɪɭɝɨɜɵɦ. Ɋɚɞɢɭɫ ɤɪɭɝɚ,ɩɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɭ ɨɱɟɪɱɟɧɚ ɚɪɤɚ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ (ɫɦ. ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥ 5.5ɩɨɫɨɛɢɹ): r190(l 2 / 8 f ) 0.5 f = [202/(8·5)]+0.5·5 = 12.5 ɦ.ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɟɦ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɣ ɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɢɹ,ɩɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɟ, ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ 5.5 ɩɨɫɨɛɢɹ:11.1.
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɨɩɨɪɧɵɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɢ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ ɷɩɸɪɵ ɭɫɢɥɢɣ M , Q, N ɜɚɪɤɟ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ARKA [21], ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɸɳɟɣɬɪɟɯɲɚɪɩɧɢɪɧɨɣ ɚɪɤɢ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɣ ɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɢɹ.11.2. ȼɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɷɩɸɪ.ɪɚɫɱɟɬ11.1. ɊȺɋɑȿɌ ȺɊɄɂ ɋ ɉɈɆɈɓɖɘ ɉɊɈȽɊȺɆɆɕ ARKA,ɊȿȺɅɂɁɍɓȿɃ ɊȺɋɑȿɌ ɋ ɉɈɆɈɓɖɘ ɍɊȺȼɇȿɇɂɃ ɊȺȼɇɈȼȿɋɂəȺɧɚɥɢɡ ɚɪɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɹɫɧɟɧɢɹ ɟɟ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɦɨɫɬɢ1. ɉɨɞɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɦ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɟɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɦɨɫɬɢ n ɚɪɤɢ. Ⱦɥɹɷɬɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɭ (2.21):n (nɨɩ 3nɤ ) (3 n1ɲ ) .ȼ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɚɪɤɟ ɫ ɡɚɬɹɠɤɨɣ (ɫɦ.
ɪɢɫ. 11.1, ɚ): nɨɩ = 3; nɤ = 1;n1ɲ = 3. Ɍɨɝɞɚ n = 0. ȼɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɟɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɟɪɠɧɟɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ.2. ɂɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦ ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɧɟɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɦɨɫɬɶ ɚɪɤɢ. ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ n = 0 ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɫɜɹɡɟɣ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ Ƚɇɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɟɳɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɫɯɟɦɟ ɚɪɤɢ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɫɜɹɡɟɣ. ȼ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɢɡ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɜɢɞɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɫɬɟɪɠɧɟɜɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɚ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣɟɞɢɧɵɣ ɧɟɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɵɣ ɞɢɫɤ (ɫɦ.
ɩɪɢɦɟɪ 10 ɜ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ 2.5).Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɜɵɜɨɞ, ɱɬɨ ɬɪɟɯɲɚɪɧɢɪɧɚɹ ɚɪɤɚ ɫɡɚɬɹɠɤɨɣ (ɪɢɫ. 11.1, ɚ) ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɦɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ.ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ARKA ɞɥɹ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɣ ɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɢɹȼ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ 5.5 ɩɨɫɨɛɢɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɬɪɟɯɲɚɪɧɢɪɧɨɣ ɚɪɤɟ ɫɡɚɬɹɠɤɨɣ: ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ, ɤɚɤ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɚɪɤɢ ɛɟɡ ɡɚɬɹɠɤɢ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɨɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ (5.3) ɢ (5.4). Ɋɚɫɩɨɪ ɚɪɤɢ ɜ ɚɪɤɟ ɫ ɡɚɬɹɠɤɨɣ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ. ȼɦɟɫɬɨ ɧɟɝɨɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ (5.14) ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɭɫɢɥɢɟ ɜ ɡɚɬɹɠɤɟ.
ɍɫɢɥɢɹ M , Q, N ɜ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɹɯɚɪɤɢ ɧɢɠɟ ɡɚɬɹɠɤɢ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ (5.12), ɚ ɜɵɲɟ ɧɟɟ – ɩɨɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ (5.15) – (5.17).Ⱦɥɹ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɷɬɢɦ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ ɜɨɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɫɹɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɨɣ ARKA [17]ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚɚɪɨɤ. ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɤɨɩɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɦ ɤɥɚɫɫɟ ɉɄ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɵ ɋɆ ɢ Ɍɍ ɢɧɚ ɫɚɣɬɟ smitu@cef.spbstu.ru ɤɚɮɟɞɪɵ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɦ ɤɥɚɫɫɟ ɉɄ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɗ ɢ ɉȽɋ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɵ Ƚɋ ɢ ɉɗ.191Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɩɨ ɷɬɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧ ɞɜɚɠɞɵ: ɞɥɹ ɚɪɤɢ ɫ ɡɚɬɹɠɤɨɣ ɢ ɞɥɹɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɨɞɧɨɩɪɨɥɟɬɧɨɣ ɛɚɥɤɢ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ.
11.1). ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɜɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ, ɢ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɨɹɫɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɧɚ ɷɬɚɩɟɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ.ɉɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ ARKAȼ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɩɨ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɩɪɨɬɨɤɨɥɵ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ (ɫɦ. ɪɚɡɞɟɥ 10).Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ.ȿɫɥɢ ɩɪɨɬɨɤɨɥ ɧɟ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɥɫɹ, ɬɨ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜ ɨɬɱɟɬɟ ɩɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɭ11.1 ɫ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɭɸ ɫ ɷɤɪɚɧɚ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ, ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɦ ɜɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ 10 ɜ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɚɪɤɢ ɛɟɡ ɡɚɬɹɠɤɢ.Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 11.1ɉɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɦ ɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɚɦ ɭɫɢɥɢɣ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ ɷɩɸɪɵɭɫɢɥɢɣ ɨɬ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɫɟɣ ɨɬɫɱɟɬɚ ɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ, ɤɚɤ ɷɬɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɨ ɧɢɠɟ ɧɚɪɢɫ.
11.2 (ɷɩɸɪɵ ɜɡɹɬɵ ɢɡ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɹ [7]), ɢɥɢ – ɨɬ ɨɫɢ ɚɪɤɢ, ɤɚɤ ɷɬɨɛɵɥɨ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 10.2 ɜ ɨɬɱɟɬɟ ɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɚɪɤɢ ɛɟɡ ɡɚɬɹɠɤɢ(ɫɦ. ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɢɣ ɨɬɱɟɬ).11.2. ɄɈɇɌɊɈɅɖ ɊȿɁɍɅɖɌȺɌɈȼ ɊȺɋɑȿɌȺɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɜ ɨɩɨɪɧɵɯ ɫɜɹɡɹɯ ɢ ɭɫɢɥɢɹ ɜ ɡɚɬɹɠɤɟ ɚɪɤɢȼɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɨɩɨɪ ɜ ɬɪɟɯɲɚɪɧɢɪɧɨɣ ɚɪɤɟ c ɡɚɬɹɠɤɨɣȼɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɬɪɟɯɲɚɪɧɢɪɧɨɣ ɚɪɤɢ ɪɚɜɧɵ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɵɦɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɦ ɛɚɥɤɢ (ɫɦ.
ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥ 5.5 ɩɨɫɨɛɢɹ):1. ɂɡ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ¦ M B2. ɂɡ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ¦ Z1920 ɧɚɯɨɞɢɦ : V A V Ao0 ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɦ: VBVBo¦ M BP / l = 33.75 ɤɇ.¦ Z P V A = 36.25 ɤɇ.Ɋɢɫ. 11.2Ƚɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɨɩɨɪɧɚɹ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɬɪɟɯɲɚɪɧɢɪɧɨɣ ɚɪɤɢ ɫ ɡɚɬɹɠɤɨɣɛɭɞɟɬ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɧɟɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɣ ɲɚɪɧɢɪɧɨɣ ɨɩɨɪɟ Ⱥ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 11.1, ɚ).3. Ɉɧɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ¦ X 0 . ɉɪɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɣɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɟ ɧɚ ɚɪɤɭ ɷɬɚ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɧɭɥɟɜɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ( H A0 ).4. ɉɪɨɜɟɞɹ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɚɪɤɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɲɚɪɧɢɪ C ɢ ɡɚɬɹɠɤɭ, ɢɡ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹMC¦ M Cɫɥɟɜɚɫɩɪɚɜɚ¦ MC0 ɧɚɣɞɟɦ ɭɫɢɥɢɟ H * , ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹɡɚɬɹɠɤɨɣ:H*M Co 237.5== 95.0 ɤɇ.2.5f*Ɉɛɪɚɬɢɦ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ, ɱɬɨ ɟɫɥɢ ɛɵ ɡɚɬɹɠɤɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɨɩɨɪ (ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ a ɛɵɥɨ ɛɵ ɪɚɜɧɚ ɧɭɥɸ, ɫɦ.
ɪɢɫ. 11.1, ɚ), ɬɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɥɢ ɛɵf f * = 5 ɦ ɢ H * H 47.5 ɤɇ. ɍɫɢɥɢɟ, ɜɨɫɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦɨɟ ɡɚɬɹɠɤɨɣ, ɫɬɚɥɨ ɛɵ193ɪɚɜɧɨ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɭ ɚɪɤɢ ɛɟɡ ɡɚɬɹɠɤɢ (ɫɦ. ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɢɣ ɨɬɱɟɬ ɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ3-ɚ ɞɥɹ ɚɪɤɢ ɛɟɡ ɡɚɬɹɠɤɢ).ɋɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɩɨɪɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɚɪɤɢ ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ ɢ ɧɚ ɉɄɩɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ ARKA, ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɫɨɜɩɚɞɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ.ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸɭɫɢɥɢɣ M , Q, NȾɥɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɭɫɢɥɢɣ M , Q, N , ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ ARKA, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɦ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ (5.15)-(5.17)ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɚ 5.5 ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɣ 3 ɢ 8 ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɥɟɜɨɣ ɢ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɨɣ ɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɟ ɚɪɤɢ (ɫɦ.
ɪɢɫ. 11.1, ɚ ɢ ɪɢɫ. 11.2). ȼɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ,ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɜ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɜɵɲɟ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ, ɞɥɹ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜɬɚɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ (ɬɚɛɥ. 11.2).Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 11.2ɤx,z,ɦɦ32.52.50.6812.54.75– 0.2M ɤɨQɤɨMɤQɤNɤɤɇ·ɦɤɇɤɇ·ɦɤɇɤɇ0.884.433.7584.4– 30–96.250.9798240.6– 11.2526.98– 95.6cos Dsin Dɋɟɱɟɧɢɟ 3. Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɵ y3 ɞɥɹ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɹ 3 ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ: z3ɂɡ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ z3a2.5 ɦ.f r (1 cos D 3 ) (ɫɦ.
ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ (5.11)) ɩɨɥɭɱɢɦ:cos D 30.8 ɢ sin D 3Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɢɡ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ sin D 3(1 cos 2 D 3(0.5l x) / r = (0.5 20 x) / 12.5 = 0.6 ɧɚɯɨɞɢɦ0.5l r sin D 3 = 0.5 20 0.6 12.5x30.6 .Ⱦɥɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ (5.15) ɧɚɯɨɞɢɦ z*2.5 ɦz3 a2.5 2.5 0 .Ɍɨɝɞɚ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ (5.15) – (5.17) ɩɨɥɭɱɢɦ:M3Q3o cos D 3 H * sin D 3 = 33.75·0.8 – 95·0.6 = – 30 ɤɇ;Q3N2M 3o H z3* = 33.75·2.5 = 84.4 ɤɇ·ɦ;(Q2o sin D 2 H cos D 2 ) = – (33.75·0.6 + 95·0.8) = 96.25 ɤɇ.ɋɟɱɟɧɢɟ 8.
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