Л.И. Быковская - Обучение студентов и аспирантов методике подготовки презентаций (1035448)

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15.09.2015Методичка по презентации.htmМОСКОВСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ им. Н.Э. БАУМАНА Л.И. Быковская, О.Л. Ивановская, О.М. Лосева, М.А. Наянова Обучение студентов и аспирантов методикеподготовки презентаций Часть 1(для студентов и аспирантов) УДК 802.0ББК 81.2 Англ. – 923 МоскваИздательство МГТУ им. Н.Э. Бауманаfile:///D:/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%20%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B/%D0%A3%D1%87…1/3815.09.2015Методичка по презентации.htm2013Научный редактор к.ф.н., доцент Беликова Ирина Федоровна file:///D:/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%20%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B/%D0%A3%D1%87…2/3815.09.2015Методичка по презентации.htmОбъем 2 п.л.Тираж 100 экз. Course Description The goal of this course is to offer a practical guide on developing the practicalskills required to deliver effective public presentations.It can be used as either a short, intensive course, or integrated into a longer, moregeneral programme for teaching English.This guide will help students to: make a clear well­organised presentation for all levels of study at university, aswell as presentations geared towards business or research; reflect on, and learn from, what has been learned; make sure that both organising, and giving presentations or public speeches of anykind, become a pleasure and not a burden.The course consists of sections, logically arranged to ensure that students are fullyaware of what is expected of them before they begin their practical training. First andforemost, students should acquire a clear understanding of what a presentationinvolves, and which preparations are required in advance of the talk (the objectives ofthe talk, who is the audience, knowledge of the location, which equipment is required,etc.).The course is split into two main sections: preparation and delivery, with the lattersubdivided into four parts: the introduction, main body, conclusion and questions fromthe audience. Each section has an introductory segment covering the most essentialissues to focus on, as well as a practical segment offering a variety of differentexercises to help students acquire the practical skills required to give an effectivepresentation.The course will deliver one segment at a time, combining theoretical teachingswith practical exercises, with the course expected to last between 5­7 sessions.We recommend that students start preparing their own presentations immediatelyafter the first session, planning each section in accordance with the course sessions. Inother words, after each session the students should use their new knowledge to shapetheir presentations, share their progress at the following session, and allow lecturersand fellow students to provide constructive criticism and feedback on the work done.Proceeding components of the course will be taught in a similar manner, with eachfile:///D:/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%20%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B/%D0%A3%D1%87…3/3815.09.2015Методичка по презентации.htmsegment comprising of pre­lecture reading, individual preparation, and a presentation tothe group. This would allow a greater absorption in the lessons, and a more frequentuse of new words and phrases, resulting in a far higher rate of retention andunderstanding.Upon completion of these core classes, students will be required to deliver theirpresentations in full, while the fellow students will then discuss and reflect on themwithin the guidelines suggested at the end of the course booklet. Through this studentswill both gain valuable experience in preparing and delivering a presentation to anaudience, and will receive constructive criticism from lecturers and their student peers,resulting in the acquisition of all the key skills needed to deliver quality presentationsto a variety of audiences. What is a presentation?A presentation is a formal talk to one or more persons that “presents” ideas orinformation in a clear, structured way. All presentations have a common objective: theyare given in order to inform, train, persuade or sell. The key factors of any successfulpresentation are: the audience; the contents of the presentation itself; and the presenter.The starting point should always be the audience. If you consider their needs andinterests you cannot get off to a bad start. 1. Preparation Can you name the three most important things involved in giving anypresentation?Number 1 is………..PreparationNumber 2 is………..Preparation!Number 3 is………..Preparation!!Preparation is everything!With good preparation and planning you will be totally confident and lessnervous. And your audience will feed on that confidence too. And this will give youcontrol of your audience and your presentation. With control you will be “in charge”file:///D:/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%20%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B/%D0%A3%D1%87…4/3815.09.2015Методичка по презентации.htmand your audience will listen positively to your message.ObjectiveBefore you start preparing your presentation you should ask yourself: “Why am Igiving this presentation?” If your objective is not clear to you, it cannot possibly beclear to your audience.TimingYou only have a limited amount of time in which to tell the audience what theyneed to know, rather than everything that you know.Method How should you give your presentation? Which approach should you use? Formalor informal? Should you include visual aids, and if so, how many? Will anecdotes andhumour play a part in your presentation?Structure of the presentation.A well organized presentation with a clear structure is easier for the audience tofollow. It is therefore more effective. You should organize the points you wish to makein a logical order. Most presentations consist of three parts, followed by questions: Thebeginning is ideal for an attention grabber or for an ice breaker. The end is great towrap things up or to end with a grand finale. BeginningShort introductionMiddleEndBody of the presentationShort conclusionQuestions and Answerswelcome your audienceintroduce your subjectexplain the structure of yourpresentationexplain rules for questionspresent the subject itselfsummarise your presentationthank your audienceinvite questions Rehearsal"If you fail to prepare, you are prepared to fail". Plan to rehearse yourpresentation out loud at least 4 times, and if you can get word perfect so much thebetter.Rehearse against the clock. If you have to give a presentation in a short period offile:///D:/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%20%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B/%D0%A3%D1%87…5/3815.09.2015Методичка по презентации.htmtime then try to practice your presentation against the clock. This is particularly truewhen your time is limited by, say 10­15 minutes. You can add in parts from the scriptor take them out to fit the time.In the actual presentation you could take in a clock or take off your wrist watchand put it on the podium. This way you can see how the timings can develop.Rehearsal is a vital part of preparation. This will have the following benefits: you will become more familiar with what you want to say; you will identify weaknesses in your presentation; you will be able to practise difficult pronunciations; you will be able to check the time that your presentation takes and make anynecessary modifications.So prepare, prepare, prepare! Prepare everything: words, visual aids, timing, andequipment. Rehearse your presentation several times and time it. Is it the right length? Are you completely familiar with all your illustrations? Are they in the right order? Do you know who the audience is? How will you answer difficult questions? Do you know the room? Are you confident about the equipment?When you have answered all these questions, you will be a confident, enthusiasticpresenter ready to communicate the subject of your presentation to an eager audience.At the end of the booklet you may find relevant Useful Vocabulary, whichprovides some phrases and hints and could make your preparation a bit easier. Preparation Practice Exercise 1.Complete the suggested questions, trying to formulate major aspects beforestarting preparation for a talk. Planning Purpose –why and what?file:///D:/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%20%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B/%D0%A3%D1%87…6/3815.09.2015Методичка по презентации.htm Audience –who and how many? Premises –do/does and is/areWho __________________________________________?What _________________________________________?Why __________________________________________?Where ________________________________________?When _________________________________________?How __________________________________________? Exercise 2.Restore the original order of instructions on how to prepare for a successfulpresentation. How to Prepare for a PresentationThe best way to perform a presentation well is to be prepared. Standing in front of agroup reading from note cards and stumbling over your thoughts is not veryconvincing. With a little practice you can look like a pro by speaking clearly and in anorganized fashion. Follow these steps to learn how.Instructions__Be sure you know how to pronounce all the words correctly. Check with the dictionary if necessary.__Create an outline that includes an introduction, an overview of the main argument or purpose, the evidence used to support that argument, any critiques of the work and the conclusion._1_Select the material you will use.__Research your topic of discussion and determine the purpose of your talk.__Talk through your presentation many times before presenting. Open your slides and actually click through them speaking your part out loud.__Know your audience and what it knows.__Prepare your handouts, if necessary.__Make sure that your talk fits in within the time limit of your presentation.__Create an outline (a plan) of what ideas you wish to cover. Exercise 3. Checklist for Planning a Presentation. Arrange the following statementsdepending on whether they are advisable or not.file:///D:/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%20%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B/%D0%A3%D1%87…7/3815.09.2015Методичка по презентации.htm Do’sDon’ts 1. Understand the interest level of the audience;2. Use jargon even if the audience doesn’t understand it;3. Use simple language;4. Make the presentation focused, easy to understand;5. Prepare a logic tree;6. Skip any point of your presentation if you feel like;7. Be rigid in following a sequence according to your plan;8. Use any available sources for in­depth analysis;9. Be prepared for any kind of question from audience;10. Prepare cue cards;11. Ignore the audience during your talk, it’s their problem if they do not follow you;12. Insert abbreviations, such as AC, MBT, QA, etc., whenever possible to make yourtalk more short­spoken;13. Understand the audience question clearly;14. Provide handouts for additional information. Exercise 4. Fill in the gaps with the words in the correct form or choose the right wordfrom those suggested. When you ________ (to make) a presentation, the first stage is to plan it. You_________(needn’t/should) start by __________ (to think) about your audience –whothey are, what they ______(to know) about the subject and what they expect from you.Will they be interested, enthusiastic, cooperative or perhaps critical?_____you_________ (to present) to the group from your own culture or to people ofdifferent cultures? All these factors ________(to influence) the way you approach thepresentation. If possible, try to visit the room where you__________(to give) the talk.Check the equipment and make sure your voice _________ (to carry) to the back offile:///D:/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%20%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B/%D0%A3%D1%87…8/3815.09.2015Методичка по презентации.htmthe room if you don’t use a microphone. Look at the seating arrangements and makesure they are what you want.You’re now ready to prepare what you _________ (to say). Stage one is theopening. A good opening is essential as you will be nervous and you_________(needn’t/need to) grab the attention of the audience. You start by__________ (to introduce) yourself and then you use a technique to get the audience’sinterest. We call this the ‘hook’ which focuses the audience’s attention on what you’resaying. You __________ (must/can) do this in various ways. You________(must/can): ask a question; use a famous quotation; use a striking visualimage; appeal directly to the audience’s interests or needs. Once you have theaudience’s attention, you _________(needn’t/should) tell them the structure of yourpresentation. You give them a map of the talk, with signposts along the route, so theyknow what you _______ (to cover) in your talk. Exercise 5. The chart below provides some ideas on what is understood by a gooddelivery. Read the items and give your considerations. Explain your point. A good presenter…1234OKusefulv. usefulvital!!!does not speak too quickly is enthusiastic looks at the audience/makes eye contact is confident is not monotone explains the purpose of the talk knows their subject explains with interesting examples reviews what they’ve covered at the end of the session Home assignmentThink of a topic on which you would like to give a presentation. Do not forget thatthe topic should be interesting for you and your audience. Make your preparationaccording to the theoretical guide. Make a plan for your talk and collect the materialfile:///D:/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%20%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B/%D0%A3%D1%87…9/3815.09.2015Методичка по презентации.htmyou may use. 2. Delivery2.1 Introduction The introduction phase sets the tone and expectations of a meeting or presentation.Although very often the presenter will typically introduce themselves to the audience,on other occasions a colleague or chairperson may introduce the speaker.A complete introduction for a presentation includes the following parts: greeting; your name and position; title and subject of your talk; presentation objective; main parts of your talk; mention of the visual aids that you will use; time you will take; when you would like to answer questions; and a link to the first section of your presentation.At the end of the booklet you may find relevant Useful Vocabulary. Introduction Practice Exercise 1.Match these less formal phrases with the more formal phrases in the table: What I want to do today is… It’s good to see you all here.OK, shall we get started? In my talk I’ll tell you about...Today I’m going to talk about… As you know, I’m…Hi, everyone. More formalLess formal1. Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen.

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