English Grammar Reference and Practice. Drozdova, страница 7

She’s got a lot o f them.1.soft toys or dolls?1.Both, but more interested in soft toys.2.a teddy bear?2.Yes, two.3.a Barbie doll?3.Of course, every girl's got it.4.any games or puzzles?4.Maybe, but you are not sure.19THE5.VERBfairytales? ‘Cinderella’, for example?5.Yes, but not ‘Cinderella’.Thank you. You’ve been of great help. I’ll buy Mary a puzzle and ‘Cinderella’ fairy tale.D (В, C) Work in pairs. Now change the roles. Student В is going to ask questions and Student A isgoing to answer them.Student B: You would like to get information aboutyour new neighbours that moved to your house aweek ago. Using the words and phrases below askStudent A questions about your new neighbours.Student A : You are going to answer Student B’squestions about your new neighbours.

Look throughthe words and phrases below, they will help you toanswer the questions.Student ВStudent A(M odelГ) Have they got any children?(Model?) Yes, they have. They’ve got two boys, Markand Peter.1.pets?1.Yes, a dog and a cat.2.a big or a small car?2.No car, but four bicycles.3.jobs?3.Of course, both shop-keepers. They’ve gota bookshop nearby.4.many books at home?4.Yes, loads of them.5.detective stories? books of my favouritedetective writer?5.Not sure, maybe. It’s better to ask themin person.f(B) Here is Mary’s school timetable.

Write ten sentences, beginningwith “ S hehasgot... / She doesn’t have.(M odel?) 1) She has g ot Maths at nine о 'clock on Mondays.2) She doesn’t have French on Wednesdays.9.0010.1511.302.003.15-10.0011.1512.303.004.15MondayTuesdayWednesdayThursdayFridayMathsHistoryBiologyEnglishGamesFrenchMathsPhysicsGeographyEconomicsEnglishChemistryRussianSociologyGamesMathsFrenchGeographyRussianEnglishPhysicsChemistryEnglishMathsGames20ENGL I SHОTENSESACTIVE(В) Write some sentences about what happens during your week.

Use the prompts below.^M odeT) / have English lessons three times a week.Prompts: have tests, have examinations, have club meetings, have a walk, have lunch with friends, havecoffee, have a swim, etc.4. English Tenses A c tiv eThe category of tense denotes the relation of the action either to the moment of speaking or to somedefinite moment in the past or future.

The category of tense and the category of aspect are intermingled.The category of aspect shows the way in which the action develops, whether it is in progress or completed,etc. There are four groups of tenses: Simple, Continuous, Perfect, Perfect Continuous. The Simple formhas no aspect characteristics whatever, the Continuous, Perfect and Perfect Continuous forms denote bothtime and aspect relations.ri=t>PRESENTt=>PASTt=>FUTUREl=>PRESENT[=>PAST[=>FUTUREPERFECTshows an action completedbefore a definite moment,connected with itоPRESENT■=>PASTоFUTUREPERFECT CONTINUOUSshows an action in progress,whose duration beforea definite moment is expressedоPRESENT■=>PASTоFUTURESIMPLE (Indefinite)shows an action as a fact(customary, repeated)4CONTINUOUSshows an action as a process)21^to be + -ingto have + Past Participle^ to have been + -ingTHEVERBEnglish Tenses (Active)SIMPLECONTINUOUSPERFECTPERFECTCONTINUOUSverbbe + -inghave + Past Participlehave been + -ingask(s)шШccQ.amisarehavehasaskingaskedhavehasbeen asking* Repeated,customary action‘ Action (process) goingon at the present moment‘ Completed actionwhose result is visiblein the present‘ Action (process) whichbegan in the past andis still going on nowusually/generallyalways/neveroften/seldomsometimes/every day*Fact‘ Future action (toa timetable, schedule)now,at present,at the momentLook! Listen!‘ Future action plannedbeforeever/neverjust/already/yetlately/recentlythis week/todayby nowforsincefor a month/а long timesince 5 o'clockhow long/since whenaskedtookwaswerehad askedaskinghad been asking‘ Action (successionof actions) in the past‘ Action (process) takingplace at a given moment/period of time in the past‘ Action completedbefore a certainmoment in the past‘ Action (process) whichbegan before a definitemoment in the past andwas still going at thatmomentyesterdaylast week3 days agoin 2005at 5 yesterdayfrom 5 to 6 yesterdayall day long/the whole daywhen we cameby 5 о 'clock yesterdaybefore he cameby the end of last year‘ Sequence of tensesHe had been workingfor 2 hours when mybrother came.will be askingwill have askedIwill askwill have been asking‘ Future action‘ Action (process) takingplace at a given moment/period of time in thefuture‘ Action completedbefore a definitemoment in the future‘ Action (process) which willbegin before a definitemoment in the futureand will be going onat that momenttomorrownext weekin 3 daysin 2050at 5 tomorrowfrom 5 to 6 tomorrowby 5 о 'clock tomorrowwhen he comesWhen you come, I 'll havebeen workingall day long tom orrowb y next sum m erfo r 2 h o u rs .when he comes22THESI MPLEF OR MS5.

The Sim ple Forms5.1 The Present Simple TenseIt is formed from the Infinitive without the particle to:rAFFIRMATIVENEGATIVEINTERROGATIVEIworkIdonotworkDoIwork?HeSheItworksworksworksHeSheItdoesdoesdoesnotnotnotworkworkworkDoesDoesDoeshesheitwork?work?work?WeYouTheyworkworkworkWeYouTheydododonotnotnotworkworkworkDoDoDowork?weyou work?they work?л.Vdo not = don’tdoes not = doesn’tThe P re se n t Sim ple may denote:1.a permanent action (a fact):□ She speaks English. They live in France.2.the general truth:□ The Earth rotates round its axis.□ Vegetables grow well in this climate.3.a repeated, customary action:□ The Browns go to the seaside every summer.□ We write two tests each term.4.a future action according to a timetable:□ The train leaves at 10 tomorrow.The P re se n t Sim ple is used with the following adverbials of time: usually, often, always, everyday/every week/every m onth, in the morning/afternoon/evening, at night, on Mondays, etc.Place of AdverbsCOften, alwavs.

seldom - before main verbs.after the verb to be□□□~ \She seldom goes there.Do you often help your mother with the housework?He is always polite.Usuallv. aenerallv - before main verbs orat the beqinnina of a sentence□□They usually go home by bus.Usually, my working day starts at nine.Sometimes - before main verbs.at the beainnina or at the end of a sentence□□□He sometimes comes here.Sometimes he comes here.He comes here sometimes.Everyday, in the morning, on Mondays at the beainnina or at the end of a sentence□□On Sundays, we often go to the cinema.I check my mail every day.23THEVERB5.She remembers them well.6.He plays chess very well.7.We leave home at 10 o ’clock every day.I(A) Answer the following questions accordingto the model.8.Ann misses you badly.(M o d e l:) What does a driver do? - He drives.9.They feel very cold.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.10.

Tom looks sick.What does a singer do?What does a runner do?What do students do? ...What does a dancer do?What do cooks d o ? .......What do dancers do? ....What does a painter do?What do teachers do? ...What does a typist d o ? ..What do painters do? ....What do writers d o ? ......11. That train goes very fast.*4(A, B) Put the verb in brackets into the PresentSimple.Z(A) Write the following sentences in the 3rdperson singular.(M o d e l:) I think I am tired. - He thinks he is tired.11.

You think you are ill.....................................2. Theyoften visit their granny...................................... 3. Welive in Leeds....................................... 4. You usuallyspeak too quickly.......................................5. Do youlike boiled potatoes? ...........................................6. Good anim als always obey th e ir m asters......................................... 7. The boys box in thegymnasium on Fridays............................................8. His d og s alw ays a tta c k th e n e ig h b o u rs.....................................

9. Heavy trucks make a lot ofnoise.(A, B) Answer the questions, using the PresentSimple.1. What time do you go to school? (generally,usually) 2. What do you do on Sunday mornings?(often) 3. How do you spend your leisure time?(usually, o ccasionally) 4. What so rt of radioprogram m es do you listen to? (usually, often,always) 5. How do you help your parents? (always,sometimes, usually) 6. What sort of film s do youenjoy? (nearly always) 7.

Where do you read foryour examinations? (normally, sometimes) 8. Wheredo you have your meals? (usually, sometimes)9. What do you take if you have a headache?О(A) Write the following sentences a) in thenegative, b) in the interrogative.1.She understands the rule.2.He usually has breakfast at 8 o ’clock.3.The lecture starts at 10.15.4.They usually walk in the morning.1. Oscar Wilde and Bernard Shaw (b e ).....................the most witty British writers. 2 .

Their children (go).........................to a private school. 3. Little Amanda(c o lle c t)......................... all sorts of toy-pigs. 4. Myfather (lik e )......................... a lot of milk in his teaand a few lumps of sugar. 5. We usually (spend).........................our holidays in Spain. 6. My Englishfriends (liv e )......................... in a nice house that(stand) .......................... on a hill. 7.