English Grammar Reference and Practice. Drozdova (810400), страница 8
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My brother(sing) ......................... in Italian opera. 8. My sister(have).......................a good appetite and she always(e a t)......................... heartily. 9. Let’s go outside. It(be) .......................... terribly hot in the house.10. What you (see) .......................... over there?11. In England the traffic (k e e p )..........................tothe left but on the Continent it (keep)to the right. 12. They often (c o m e ).to see me in my town house.24THESI MPLEF ORMS(generally, usually) 10.
How do you celebrate yourbirthday? (nearly always, occasionally)7.(A, B) Put the verb in brackets into thecorrect form.О (A, B) Translate the sentences into English,using the Present Simple Tense.1. Я обычно делаю домашнее задание вечером.2. Мой друг живёт на Севере. 3. Моя сестра учится в медицинском колледже. 4. У них два занятия по иностранному языку в неделю.
5. Он всегданавещает нас, когда бывает в Москве. 6. «Сколько времени вы тратите на дорогу домой?» - «Какправило, я трачу на дорогу домой около тридцати минут». 7. Он теперь редко путешествует.8. Вы часто ходите в кино? 9. Она никогда неопаздывает. Она всегда приходит вовремя, (ontime) 10. «Вы чувствуете что-нибудь?» - «Нет, яничего не чувствую». 11. Его отец - инженер.Он строит мосты. 12. Я не учу французский язык,я учу немецкий. 13.
Теперь мы редко с нимивстречаемся. 14. Её муж часто ездит в командировки? (go on business)(M odel?) The lecture begins at 10 o ’clock (begin).How many languages do you speak (you/speak)?1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.The motor breaks down. (How often?).................................................................What tim e .................................. (the museums/open) in St. Petersburg?I have a bike but I ........................................(not/use) it very often.How many cups of tea ....................................(you/drink) a day?“W h a t....................................(you/do)?” - “ I ama chemical engineer.”“W here................................. (your father/come)from ?” - “ H e ......................................... (come)from Minsk.”If you need help, w h y .......................................(you/not/ask) for it?I ....................................
(play) the guitar but I................................... (not/play) very well.I don’t understand the word “maintain” . What“ maintain” ................................... (mean)?7(В, С) James is a university student. Не isgoing to answer your questions about his eatinghabits. Using the ideas below, write down thequestions.1.How many meals a day / have?How many meals a day do you usuallyhave?/(A, B) Make questions. Begin the questions,using the word(s) in brackets.((Model?) Bob plays chess. (How often)? 1How often does Bob play chess?I get up early. (What time/usually?)What time do you usually get up?2.When / have breakfast?3.How often / eat out?4.What cuisine / prefer?5.What / your favouriterestaurant?1.Felix watches birds. (How often?)2.I write to my parents.
(How often?)3.I have dinner in the evening. (What time/usually?)4.She works. (Where?)6.Cook yourself? You like it?5.I go to the Zoo. (How often?)7.Watch any cookery programmes? Why?6.People do stupid things. (Why?)25THEVERBLook through the notes James has left. How would you answer the questions if you were him?1. (usually) two-three during the week, (normally) four - atthe weekends2.
7 a.m., on Sunday / wake up at 11, so no breakfast3. Occasionally. When my friends invite me.4. Mexican. Like spicy food5. Mexican, but with friends / Spanish6. Yes, nearly always. My hobby7. Sometimes. They give some useful advice.------- ------------ ---------------- ---------- — --------- --------------— ---Г Model?) Usually I have two-three meals a day during the week, at the weekends I normally eat four timesa day.5.2 The Past Simple TenseRegular verb + -edPast SimpleJa?0Irregular verbs(See List of Irregular Verbs, Appendix 2)Spelling and Pronunciation RulesRegular verbs form the Past Simple and Participle II by adding -e d to the stem of the verb, or only -d if thestem of the verb ends in -e:to want - wantedto unite - unitedto open - openedto live - livedThe pronunciation of -e d (-d ) depends on the sound preceding it.
It is pronounced:[id] after t, d: wanted ['wontid], landed ['laendid];[d] after voiced consonants except d and after vowels: opened ['oupnd], played [pleid];[t] after voiceless consonants except t : worked [wa:kt].The following spelling rules should be observed:a. Final у is changed into / before the addition of -e d if it is preceded by a consonant:to carry - carriedto reply - repliedу remains unchanged if it is preceded by a vowel:to enjoy - enjoyed26THEb.SI MPLEFORMSIf a verb ends in a consonant preceded by a short stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled:to stop - stoppedto sob - sobbedto subm it - subm ittedto plan - plannedto stir - stirredfinal r is doubled if it is preceded by a stressed vowel:to o c c llr - occurredto prefEr - preferredto refEr - referredfinal r is not doubled when preceded by a diphthong:to appear - appearedfinal / is doubled if it is preceded by a short vowel, stressed or unstressed:to compel - compelled to quarrel - quarrelledNEGATIVEINTERROGATIVEl/he did not work/writeDid l/he work/write?AFFIRMATIVEl/he worked/wrote\l/he didn’t work/writeVThe P ast Sim ple may denote:1.An action performed in the past:□ We entered the house in silence.□He m et us at the station.2.A succession of past actions:□He shut the window, switched offthe light and went upstairs.3.A repeated action in the oast:□He made an entry in his diary every night.The P a s t S im p le is used with the followingadverbials of time: yesterday, last n ig ht/w e ek/m onth/year/M onday, two days/weeks/m onthsago, then, in 1993/1825, etc.
These adverbialsgo either at the beginning or at the end of asentence:□ I saw him yesterday.□Last week, he returned from a businesstrip.NOTE: Repeated actions are often expressed byused to + Infinitive,would + Infinitive.ГUSED TOWOULDЛ«раньше», «когда-то», «бывало»- refers to reaular events in the Dast which arenow finished or different. It can refer to pastactions, habits or states («раньше», «когда-то»).Used to is only past!□□□- refers to tvoical behaviour or an action whichtook olace from time to time in the past.
Youcannot use would when talking about states orhabits in the oast. Would in this meanina cannotbe used with the verb to be.□ He would spend all his days locked inhis room.(When I was young) I used to workmuch.Did you use to collect stamps?He didn’t use to be very punctual.You cannot use would without a change in meaning in the negative sentences.□ We didn’t use to drink coffee in the morning. (Мы никогда не пили кофе по утрам.)□ We wouldn’t drink coffee in the morning = We refused to drink coffee in the morning.27THEVERBIt is necessary to distinguish between two particularly confusing verb phrases, used to and be used to.USED TO + Infinitive(«раньше», «когда-то», «бывало»)BE USED TO + Noun/Gerund(«привыкнуть»)Used to + Infinitive refers to habitual actions inthe oast, it cannot be followed bv a noun (or aqerund):□ When I was in England, I used to eat abig breakfast.The phrase is parallel in structure to be interestedin, and it is possible to put a noun after to:□I’m used to his curious ways.□I’m used to hearing about the odd thingshe does.f^The verb to be in to be used to can be used inany appropriate tense.Be used to suggests familiarity through a repetitionof the activitity or occurrence; it does not statethe existence of a habit as such.Used to is a fixed idiom and is not used in anvother tense.10(A) Form the Past Simple of the verbs below and write them in the correct column of the chart.Then read them aloud.Reply, employ, land, refer, dance, book, cry, answer, travel, destroy, refer, cook, fry, arrange,stay, sneer, plan, phone, offer, deny, enjoy, complete, try, play, stop, prefer, dive, rub.r ~(V + -e d)(V + -d)(V + doubleconsonant + -ed)(V + -ied)(V + -yed)....Replied.....4_II__"Z J2.I I(A) Read a sentence about the present andthen write a sentence about the past.3.(jVlodelf) Granny usually gets up at 6.30.
Yesterdayshe got up at 8.00.14.1.5.Granny usually wakes up early.Yesterday m orning.............................................28Granny usually walks in the garden.Yesterday....................................................Granny usually has a sandwich for lunch.Yesterday....................................................Granny usually goes out in the evening.Yesterday evening.....................................Granny usually sleeps very well.Yesterday....................................................THESI MPLE(not/sleep)................................
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