Анализ, классификация и прогноз свойств гумусовых кислот, страница 12

OC =(1.26)K =NDα]^_.OC –dhgklZglZk\yau\ZgbyWL]mfmkh\ufbdbkehlZfb\jZkq_l_gZfZkkh\mx dhgp_gljZpbx =ND \ujZ`_ggmx \ d] hj]Zgbq_kdh]h m]e_jh^Zd] KgZeα >WL@&WL–^heyk\h[h^gh]hWLDZd \b^gh ba mjZ\g_gby 1.26 ^ey hij_^_e_gby KOC g_h[oh^bfhhij_^_eblv ^hex k\h[h^ghjZkl\hj_ggh]h WL \ ijbkmlkl\bb ]mfmkh\uodbkehl>eywlhcp_eb\ebl_jZlmj_hibkZghijbf_g_gb_ke_^mxsbof_lh^h\]_ev-ojhfZlh]jZnbb >6XIIHW DQG 0DF&DUWK\ 1989; Hasset and Milicic, 1985],mevljZnbevljZpbb >:DQJ HW DO 1990; Wang et al., 1991; Suffet andMacCarthy, @ lhgdhkehcghc ojhfZlh]jZnbb >6XIIHW DQG0DF&DUWK\ 1989],h[jZs_ggh-nZah\hc \ukhdhwnn_dlb\ghc `b^dhklghc ojhfZlh]jZnbb HN<W@O >Landrum et al., 1984; Morehead et al., 1986@ jZ\gh\_kgh]h ^bZebaZ[Hesketh et al., 1996; Devitt and Weisner, 1998; McCarthy et al., 1989;McCarthy, 1985@ `b^dhklghc wdkljZdpbb >Carlberg and Martinsen, 1982;Johnsen, 1987; Johnsen and Gribbestad, 1991].

< jy^_ kemqZ_\ dh]^Zdhgp_gljZpby]mfmkh\uodbkehl^hklZlhqgh\ukhdZ^_kyldb]jZffh\gZeblj79b [hevr_ \hafh`gh jZa^_e_gb_ k\h[h^gh]h b k\yaZggh]h WLp_gljbnm]bjh\Zgb_f ijbf_g_gb_ ^Zgghc f_lh^bdb hibkZgh ^ey ZljZabgZ[Celis et. al., 1997]>eyI:M\hafh`ghlZd`_bkihevah\Zgb_f_lh^h\lmr_gby[Gauthier et al., 1986; Morra et al., 1990@ b iheyjbaZpbb nemhj_kp_gpbb[Roemelt and Seitz, 1982@ Djhf_ lh]h ijbf_gyxl f_lh^u hkgh\Zggu_ gZj_]bkljZpbb baf_g_gby \h^ghc jZkl\hjbfhklb >Danielsen et al., 1995@ b[bhmk\hy_fhklb >/DQGUXP et al., 1985; Landrum et al., 1987@ I:M \ijbkmlkl\bb ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl Z lZd`_ baf_g_gbb dhgp_gljZpbb I:M \]Zah\hcnZa_gZ^jZkl\hjhfI:M-=ND>6XIIHWDQG0DF&DUWK\@< lZ[e 1.15 b 1.16 ijb\_^_gu ebl_jZlmjgu_ agZq_gby dhgklZglk\yau\Zgby I:M b ZljZabgZ – wdhlhdkbdZglh\ gZ ijbf_j_ dhlhjuoijh\h^behkv bkke_^h\Zgb_ \aZbfh^_ckl\by ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl khj]Zgbq_kdbfb wdhlhdkbdZglZfb \ ij_^klZ\e_gghc jZ[hl_ hij_^_e_ggu_ kihfhsvxjZaebqguof_lh^h\LZ[ebpZ 1.15DhgklZgluk\yau\ZgbyI:M]mfmkh\ufbdbkehlZfbhij_^_e_ggu_jZaebqgufbf_lh^Zfb=NDlg KOCF_lh^hij_^_e_gby.OC:gljZp_gNDihq\4.21; 4.51 Lmr_gb_nemhj_kp_gpbb=Dihq\4.57; 4.93; 4.81"–"=D$OGULFK4.15; 3.95 HN-<W@O6HS3DN4.46; 4.39 >bZeba4.72Lmr_gb_nemhj_kp_gpbb3.75L\_j^hnZagZywdkljZdpby;_gaZibj_g6.56=D$OGULFK>bZeba6.21"–"5.235.95HN-<W@O6HS3DN"–"6.30=Dihq\NDihq\4.453.10Lmr_gb_nemhj_kp_gpbbGZnlZebgLmr_gb_nemhj_kp_gpbb>bZeba=D$OGULFK3.5L\_j^hnZagZywdkljZdpbyBklhqgbdGauthier et al., 1986"–"Landrum et al., 1984"–"Gauthier et al., 1986Kopinke and Lebelt, 1997Kukkonen andOikari, 1991Paolis andKukkonen, 1997Morehead et al., 1986Bakhus andGschwend, 1990Black and McCarthy, 1988Morra et al., 1990Kukkonen andPellinen, 1994Kopinke and Lebelt, 199780=NDlg KOCF_lh^hij_^_e_gby.OCBklhqgbdIbj_gNDihq\M\_ebq_gb_jZkl\hjbfhklbLmr_gb_nemhj_kp_gpbbDanielsen et al., 1995Gauthier et al., 19864.81; 4.57; 5.23"–"4.33M\_ebq_gb_jZkl\hjbfhklb"–"Danielsen et al., 19954.014.51; 5.10=Dihq\=D$OGULFK5.014.6Lmr_gb_nemhj_kp_gpbbL\_j^hnZagZywdkljZdpbyGauthier et al., 1986Traina et al., 1988N_gZglj_gNDihq\4.88Lmr_gb_nemhj_kp_gpbb=Dihq\4.70"–"=D$OGULFK3.924.783.92; 3.99"–""–"HN-<W@O6HS3DNGauthier et al., 1986"–"Landrum et al., 1984Gauthier et al., 1986Bakhus andGschwend, 1990NemhjZgl_g=Dihq\4.96ND\h^4.593.80; 3.90Lmr_gb_nemhj_kp_gpbbChen et al., 1994M\_ebq_gb_jZkl\hjbfhklbL\_j^hnZagZywdkljZdpbyDanielsen et al., 1995Traina et al., 1988LZ[ebpZ 1.16DhgklZgluk\yau\Zgby.OCZljZabgZ]mfmkh\ufbdbkehlZfb=NDlgKOC=DNDihq\u=DNDk_^bf_glh\1.612.33p_gljbnm]bjh\Zgb_p_gljbnm]bjh\Zgb_Grover and Hance, 1970Brown and Flagg, 1981NDihq\u1.40∗mevljZnbevljZpbyWang et al., 1990=Dihq\u2.242.11*2.49mevljZnbevljZpby^bZebap_gljbnm]bjh\Zgb_Gamble and Khan, 1988Clapp et al., 1997Celis et.

al., 1997F_lh^jZa^_e_gbyBklhqgbd)OXND=D2.78 p_gljbnm]bjh\Zgb_"–"*lgKOC jZkkqblZg Z\lhjhf ^bkk_jlZpbb gZ hkgh\Zgbb ]jZnbq_kdh]hfZl_jbZeZij_^klZ\e_ggh]h\jZ[hl_DZd \b^gh ba ij_^klZ\e_gguo j_amevlZlh\ \_ebqbgu lgKOC ^ey I:M\Zjvbjmxl \ ij_^_eZo hl ^h b kms_kl\_ggh jZaebqZxlky \aZ\bkbfhklb hl bkihevam_fh]h f_lh^Z hij_^_e_gby >ey ZljZabgZ agZq_gbylgKOC ijb\h^bfu_ \ ebl_jZlmj_ khklZ\eyxl hl ^h qlhk\b^_l_evkl\m_l h gbadhf kjh^kl\_ ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl d ZljZabgm < k\yab k81l_fqlhebl_jZlmjZihdhebq_kl\_ggufZki_dlZf\aZbfh^_ckl\by]mfmkh\uodbkehl k ZljZabghf \_kvfZ kdm^gZ lh \ ^Zevg_cr_f fu h]jZgbqbfkyh[km`^_gb_f f_lh^heh]bq_kdbo ijh[e_f \hagbdZxsbo ijb bkke_^h\Zgbb\aZbfh^_ckl\bc\kbkl_f_I:M–=ND1.9.2 F_lh^bq_kdb_Zki_dluhij_^_e_gbydhgklZglk\yau\Zgbyhj]Zgbq_kdbowdhlhdkbdZglh\]mfmkh\ufbdbkehlZfbKh]eZkgh ijb\_^_gguf ^Zgguf lZ[e 1.15 gZb[he__ qZklhbkihevam_fufb f_lh^Zfb hij_^_e_gby dhgklZgl k\yau\Zgby I:M]mfmkh\ufb dbkehlZfb y\eyxlky ^bZeba lmr_gb_ nemhj_kp_gpbb b HN<W@Oijbwlhff_lh^lmr_gbynemhj_kp_gpbbb^bZeba^Zxl[he__\ukhdb_agZq_gby KOC lh]^Z dZd dhgklZglu k\yau\Zgbyihemq_ggu_kihfhsvxHN<W@O bf_xl [he__ gbadb_ agZq_gby ;hevrbgkl\h ba \ur_i_j_qbke_gguof_lh^h\ ij_^iheZ]Z_l jZa^_e_gb_ k\h[h^ghc b k\yaZgghc nhjf ÏÀÓ dZdklZ^bx ij_^r_kl\mxsmx hij_^_e_gbx qlh fh`_l \ghkblv kms_kl\_ggu_ih]j_rghklb\ihemqZ_fu_agZq_gbyKOC.LZd ijbf_g_gb_ HN-<W@O iha\hey_l jZa^_eblv k\h[h^gmx bk\yaZggmx k =ND nhjfu I:M k ihfhsvx Z^khj[pbb gZ dhehgd_ kh[jZs_gghc nZahc Kh]eZkgh >/DQGUXP HW DO @ k\h[h^guc I:Miheghklvx khj[bjm_lky \ lh \j_fy dZd I:M k\yaZgguc k =ND ijhoh^blq_j_a dhehgdm g_ khj[bjmykv F_lh^u ^bZebaZ b mevljZnbevljZpbbiha\heyxl jZa^_eblv k\h[h^gmx b k\yaZggmx nhjfu I:M k ihfhsvxf_f[jZg H^gZdh kh]eZkgh ^Zgguf >/DQGUXP HW DO 1984; Kukkonen andPellinen, 1994@ wlb f_lh^u g_ijbf_gbfu ^ey \ukhdh]b^jhnh[guo I:M k\ukhdbfb agZq_gbyfb dhwnnbpb_glh\ jZkij_^_e_gby hdlZghe-\h^Z\ke_^kl\b_ ihl_gpbZevghc khj[pbb gZ f_f[jZgZo Wlh fh`_l ijb\h^blv daZ\ur_gbxagZq_gbchij_^_ey_fuoKOC [Suffet and MacCarthy, 1989].;he__ ij_^ihqlbl_evgufb ^ey hij_^_e_gby KOC y\eyxlky f_lh^uiha\heyxsb_ hij_^_eylv dhgp_gljZpbx k\h[h^gh]h b k\yaZggh]h k]mfmkh\ufb dbkehlZfb I:M [_a bo ij_^\Zjbl_evgh]h jZa^_e_gbyBkihevah\Zgb_ ih^h[guo f_lh^h\ bkdexqZ_l ihy\e_gb_ Zjl_nZdlh\\uau\Z_fuokf_s_gb_fjZ\gh\_kby\kbkl_f_I:M-=NDH^gbf ba gZb[he__ rbjhdh ijbf_gyxsboky ^ey wlhc p_eb f_lh^h\y\ey_lky f_lh^ lmr_gby nemhj_kp_gpbb hkgh\Zgguc gZ baf_j_gbbmf_gvr_gby bgl_gkb\ghklb nemhj_kp_gpbb nemhjhnhjZ I:M \ijbkmlkl\bb lmrbl_ey =ND < kemqZ_ klZlbq_kdh]h lmr_gby f_`^mnemhjhnhjhf b lmrbl_e_f \ hkgh\ghf khklhygbb h[jZam_lky dhfie_dkdhlhjucg_nemhj_kpbjm_l82Bkke_^h\Zgbx f_oZgbafh\ lmr_gby I:M ]mfmkh\ufb dbkehlZfbihk\ys_g p_euc jy^ jZ[hl >0RUUD HW DO 1990; Danielsen et al., 1995, Chin andGschwend, 1992; Chen et al., 1994; Kumke, 1994; Bakhus and Gschwend, 1990].<\b^mkeh`ghklbbamqZ_fhckbkl_fubo\u\h^uaZqZklmxijhlb\hj_qb\ugh[hevrbgkl\h Z\lhjh\ ijboh^bl d \u\h^m h ij_h[eZ^Zgbb klZlbq_kdh]hf_oZgbafZ ]bihl_a_ lmr_gby I:M ]mfmkh\ufb dbkehlZfb >&KHQ HW DO 1994,Gauthier et al., 1986; Morra et al., 1990, Kumke, @ Wlbfb `_bkke_^h\Zl_eyfb [ueh ihdZaZgh qlh d\Zglh\uc \uoh^ nemhj_kp_gpbbZ^^mdlh\ I:M-=ND ijZdlbq_kdb jZ\_g gmex ^ey rbjhdh]h gZ[hjZbkke_^h\Zgguo ij_iZjZlh\ >*DXWKLHU HW DO 1986; Kumke, 1994; Shlautman andMorgan, 1993].< k\yab k wlbf ^ey dhebq_kl\_gghc hp_gdb dhgklZglu k\yau\Zgby I:M]mfmkh\ufb dbkehlZfb k bkihevah\Zgb_ f_lh^Z lmr_gby nemhj_kp_gpbbijbf_gyeb mjZ\g_gb_ Rl_jgZ-Nhevf_jZ >*DXthier et al., @ dhlhjh_ij_^klZ\ey_lkh[hc\ujZ`_gb_^eydhgklZgluk\yau\Zgby1.26ijbmkeh\bbqlh α aZibku\Z_lky \ \b^_ hlghr_gby nemhj_kp_gpbb jZkl\hjZ I:M \ijbkmlkl\bbbhlkmlkl\b_]mfmkh\uodbkehl:)0= 1 + .

2& × & =ND)(1.27)]^_ )0 b ) – bgl_gkb\ghklb nemhj_kp_gpbb I:M \ hlkmlkl\b_ b \ijbkmlkl\bb=NDkhhl\_lkl\_gghIjb bkke_^h\Zgbb dbg_lbdb \aZbfh^_ckl\by ZgljZp_gZ ibj_gZ bi_jbe_gZ k =ND f_lh^hf lmr_gby nemhj_kp_gpbb Z\lhjZfb >6KODXWPDQ DQGMorgan, @ [ueh ihdZaZgh qlh jZ\gh\_kb_ f_`^m I:M b =NDmklZgZ\eb\Z_lky \ l_q_gb_ - fbgml qlh iha\hey_l jZkkfZljb\Zlv ^Zggucf_lh^dZdwdkij_kkgucIjb\_^_ggu_ ^Zggu_ iha\heyxl hoZjZdl_jbah\Zlv f_lh^ lmr_gbynemhj_kp_gpbb dZd gZb[he__ i_jki_dlb\guc ^ey hij_^_e_gby dhgklZglk\yau\ZgbyI:M]mfmkh\ufbdbkehlZfbGZwlhfhkgh\Zgbbbf_ggh^Zgguff_lh^hf ijh\h^bebkv \k_ hij_^_e_gby DHK ^ey I:M \ ij_^klZ\e_gghcjZ[hl_1.9.3 Bkke_^h\Zgb_^_lhdkbpbjmxsbok\hckl\]mfmkh\uodbkehlihhlghr_gbxdhj]Zgbq_kdbfwdhlhdkbdZglZfBamq_gb_^_lhdkbpbjmxsbo\ebygby]mfmkh\uodbkehlihhlghr_gbxdhj]Zgbq_kdbf WL ij_^klZ\ey_l [hevrhc bgl_j_k dZd ^ey ihemq_gbyijh]ghklbq_kdbohp_ghdhiZkghklbWL\ijbkmlkl\bb]mfmkh\uodbkehllZdb ^ey ihbkdZ gh\uo ^_lhdkbpbjmxsbo Z]_glh\ ijbjh^gh]h ijhbkoh`^_gbybkihevah\Zgb_ dhlhjuo g_ khijy`_gh k hiZkghklvx \lhjbqgh]h aZ]jyag_gbyGZdhg_p khihklZ\e_gb_ k\yau\Zxsbo b ^_lhdkbpbjmxsbo k\hckl\]mfmkh\uo dbkehl iha\hebeh [u \iehlgmx ih^hclb d bkke_^h\Zgbx83f_oZgbafZ ^_lhdkbdZpbb wdhlhdkbdZglh\ ]mfmkh\ufb dbkehlZfb ih^dhlhjuf \ gZklhys__ \j_fy ihgbfZxl ]eZ\guf h[jZahf i_j_oh^ WL \g_lhdkbqgmxnhjfmijb_]hk\yau\Zgbbk]mfmkh\ufbdbkehlZfbKihkh[ghklv ]mfmkh\uo dbkehl gb\_ebjh\Zlv hljbpZl_evgh_ ^_ckl\b_p_eh]hjy^Zhj]Zgbq_kdboWL\dexqZyI:Mbi_klbpb^ujZaebqguodeZkkh\ihdZaZgZfgh]bfbZ\lhjZfb>%HQGHUHWDO 1970; Gachrer et al., 1978; Fisher andFrood, 1980; Luoma, 1983; Landrum et al., 1985; McCarthy and Jimenez, 1985;Pommery et al., 1985; Winner, @LZd\gZklhys__\j_fymklZgh\e_ghqlh\aZbfh^_ckl\b_ =ND k I:M y\ey_lky h^gbf ba hkgh\guo nZdlhjh\\ebyxsbo gZ [bhZddmfmeypbx I:M \h^gufb hj]ZgbafZfb H kgb`_gbbgZdhie_gby I:M Zfnbih^Zfb ju[Zfb ^Zngbyfb \ ijbkmlkl\bb ]mfmkh\uodbkehl jZaebqgh]h ijhbkoh`^_gby b JH< khh[sZ_lky \ jZ[hlZo >/DQGUXP HWal., 1985; Landrum et al., 1987; Leversee, 1983; McCarthy, 1983 McCarthy, 1985;Grainer et al., 1999; Kukkonen and Oikari, 1997; Maruya, 1997@ :\lhju[Weinstein and Oris, 1999@ khh[sZxl h[ mf_gvr_gbb dhwnnbpb_glZ[bhZddmfmeypbb %&) hlghr_gb_ jZ\gh\_kguo dhgp_gljZpbc I:M \ ldZgyo]b^jh[bhglh\ b \ \h^ghc kj_^_ nemhjZgl_gZ ju[Zfb hl ^h \ijbkmlkl\bb jZaebqguo dhgp_gljZpbc JH< -5.0 f] Ke GZ jbk 1.10ihdZaZgZ lbibqgZy aZ\bkbfhklv kgb`_gby %&) \ ijbkmlkl\bb =ND ^eyjZaebqguoI:M%&)&=NDf]&eJbk 1.10.